1.
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2006 
1

2.
A
Dedication
To our beloved father, mother, brothers, sisters, wife, sons and
daughters.
To our beloved homeland, martyrs and injuries.
To our university, doctors and students.
Those who gave us the needed support and encouraged us all the time
to complete this work.
Ahmed Ellouh

3.

B
  Subject 
1.Pronouns1
2.The Verb5
3. Forms of the Verb6
4.Helping Verbs8
5.Verb To Be8
6.Verb To Do10
7.Verb To Have11
8.Defective Verbs12
9.Tenses of The Verb14
10.The Present Simple Tense14
11.The Past Simple Tense18
12.Conjugation of Verbs21
13.The Present Simple Tense27
14.The Past Simple Tense31
15.The Present Perfect Tense34
16.The Past Perfect Tense37
17.The Future Simple Tense39
18.44
19. 47
20.IF Conditional Sentences (IF Rules)48
21.IF53
22. Active and Passive Voice54
23.Direct and Indirect Speech67
24.Adjectives86
25. 91
26. Answers94


4.

1
•‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺍﻷﺴـﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺤل‬ ‫ﺘﺤل‬‫ﱡ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟﺘﺠ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻩ‬‫ﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺏ‬‫ﻭﻻ‬ ٍ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘ‬ ٍ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻤﻠ‬‫ﺤﺎﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﻟﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭﻩ‬.
•
1sPersonal Pronoun:‫ﻨﻭﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬:
: Subject Pronouns‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬:-I, You, He, She, It, They, We
Pronouns: Object‫ﻭﻫ‬‫ﻲ‬:-me, you, him , her , it , them , us
ü ‫ﺘﻜﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﻀﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ٍ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺴﺎﺒﻘ‬ ٍ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺠﻤﻠ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬.
ObjectSubject
PluralSingularPluralSingular

‫ﻨﺎ‬us‫ـﻨﻲ‬me‫ﻨﺤﻥ‬We‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬I 
‫ـﻪ‬him‫ﻫﻭ‬He 
‫ـﻬﺎ‬her‫ﻫﻲ‬She  ‫ـﻬﻡ‬/‫ﻥ‬‫ـﻬ‬them
‫ـﻪ‬/‫ـﻬﺎ‬it
‫ﻫﻡ‬/‫ﻥ‬‫ﻫ‬They
‫ﻫﻭ‬/‫ﻫﻲ‬It 
‫ـﻜﻡ‬you‫ـﻙ‬you‫ﺃﻨﺘﻡ‬You‫ﺃﻨﺕ‬You 
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
1. I am a doctor. ‫ﻁﺒﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬.
2. Samy visited me yesterday. ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺭﻨﻲ‬.
3. He is my friend. ‫ﺼﺩﻴﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬.
4. I welcomed him. ‫ﺤ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺒ‬.
5. We visited our friend. ‫ﻨﺤﻥ‬‫ﺼﺩﻴﻘﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻨﺎ‬‫ﺯ‬.
6. They welcomed us. ‫ﺤ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻡ‬‫ﺒﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻭﺍ‬.
7. I invited them. ‫ﺩﻋﻭﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬.
8. She met her uncle yesterday. ‫ﺒ‬‫ﻗﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺕ‬ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻋ‬.
9. We shall visit you tomorrow. ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺴﻨﺯﻭ‬‫ﻙ‬)‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺴﻨﺯﻭﺭ‬‫ﻡ‬(‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻏﺩ‬.
10. You should help the old man. ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻭﺯ‬ ‫ل‬.
Pronouns 

5.

2
2Possessive Pronouns‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬:-
 Plural Singular
   

oursourminemy 
hishis 
hersher 
theirstheir
itsits 
yoursyouryoursyour 
|  
1.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬)Possessive Adjectives(‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤ‬‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬)‫ﹸﺹ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻴ‬.(
2.‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻜ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺼﻴﺹ‬ ‫ﻀﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬،‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﺒﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬)‫ﹸﺹ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻴ‬.(
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
1. It is my pen. ‫ﻗﻠ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻤﻲ‬.
2. It is mine. ‫ﻨﻲ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬.
3. It is not yours. ‫ﻗﻠﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﺱ‬‫ﻟﻴ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬)‫ﻪ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻙ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻻ‬(.
4. I found his bag. ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺤﻘﻴﺒ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﻭﺠﺩ‬‫ﻪ‬.
5. This bag is his. ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬.
6. This is our garden. ‫ﹸﻨﺎ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺤﺩﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬.
7. This garden is ours. ‫ﻨﺎ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬.
8. They entered their garden. ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺤﺩﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﺩﺨﻠﻭﺍ‬‫ﻬﻡ‬.
9. That garden is theirs. ‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﻘ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬.
10. Did you bring your car? ‫ﺃﺤﻀﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫ﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬‫ﺘﻙ‬‫؟‬
11. This car is yours. ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬‫ﻙ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬.
 
3PronounsEmphasingorReflexive 
•‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺃﺜ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﺒﺔ‬‫ﺄﻜﻴﺩ‬.)‫ﺃﻱ‬:‫ﻴ‬‫ﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﺭ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻌـﻭل‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻜﺱ‬
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬‫ﺨﺹ‬.(
•‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬‫ﺒﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻜﺴﺔ‬)‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬(self‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬‫ﻔﺭﺩ‬‫ﻭﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬)‫ﹸﺱ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺃﻨ‬()selves(‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬.
•‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﹸﺠﻤل‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺒﻀ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤﻘﺭﻭﻨ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬‫ﻭﻀﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻉ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬:

6.

3
PluralSingular
    
‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻨﺎ‬/‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺄﻨﻔ‬‫ﻨﺎ‬ourselves‫ﻨﺤﻥ‬We‫ﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬/‫ﺒﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬myself‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬I
‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬/ِِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺒﻨﻔ‬‫ﻪ‬himself‫ﻫﻭ‬He
‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﻨﻔ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬ / ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬herself‫ﻫﻲ‬She ‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬﻡ‬/‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻬ‬
)ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺒﺄﻨﻔ‬ِ‫ﻬ‬‫ﻡ‬/‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺄﻨﻔ‬ِ‫ﻬ‬‫ﻥ‬(
themselves‫ﻫ‬‫ﻡ‬/‫ﻫ‬‫ﻥ‬They
‫ـﺴﻪ‬‫ﻨﻔـ‬/‫ـﺴﻬﺎ‬‫ﻨﻔـ‬
)ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺒﻨﻔ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬/ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺒﻨﻔ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬(
itself
‫ﻫﻭ‬/‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻴﺭ‬
It
‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻜﻡ‬/‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃﻨﻔﺴﻜ‬
)‫ﺒﺄﻨﻔﺴﻜﻡ‬/‫ﻥ‬‫ﺒﺄﻨﻔﺴﻜ‬(
yourselves‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺃﻨ‬‫ﻡ‬/‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺃﻨ‬‫ﻥ‬You‫ﻨﻔﺴﻙ‬/ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺒﻨﻔ‬‫ﻙ‬yourself‫ﺃﻨﺕ‬You
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
1. I blamed myself. ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻭ‬/‫ﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﹸﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬.
2. He blamed himself. ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺦ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻭ‬/ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻻ‬.
3. You blamed yourself. ‫ﺨﺕ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺕ‬/‫ﻙ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻨﻔ‬ ‫ﹸﻤﺕ‬‫ﻟ‬.
4. You blamed yourselves. ‫ﺒ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺃﻨ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻡ‬/‫ﺍﻨ‬‫ﹸﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹸﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺃﻨ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻡ‬.
5. They blamed themselves ‫ﺨﻭﺍ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺃﻨﻔ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻡ‬/‫ﻻﻤﻭﺍ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺃﻨﻔ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻡ‬.
6. Mr. Ahmed himself visited me. ‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺭﻨﻲ‬‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺩ‬‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﻨﻔ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬)‫ﻟﻠﺘﻭﻜﻴﺩ‬.(
7. The manager himself visited him. ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻩ‬‫ﺯﺍﺭ‬‫ﺩﻴﺭ‬‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺴ‬‫ﻨﻔ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬.
4AdjectiveseDemonstrativ:  
•ٍ‫ﺀ‬‫ﻟﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺸﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﺒﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺎ‬.
•‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬.
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻲﺀ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻲﺀ‬
   
‫ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻙ‬those‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬/‫ﺘﻠﻙ‬that‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ‬these‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬/‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬this
| 
üPronounsDemonstrative‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬‫ﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬‫ﺃﻱ‬)those,these,that,this(
‫ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺭﻕ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺔ‬)noun.(
‫ﺼ‬‫ﻴﺨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﻨﻲ‬.This pen is mine.1.
‫ﻗﻠﻤ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﻲ‬)‫ﺒﻴﺩﻱ‬.(This is my pen.2.
‫ﹸﺘﺏ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻙ‬.Those are book.3.
ü‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺤل‬ ‫ﻴﺤل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻀﻤﻴﺭ‬.

7.

4
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
‫ﻴﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬.This is my book in my hand.1.
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻴﺨ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﻨﻲ‬.That book on the shelf is not mine.2.
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ‬‫ﻼ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﺫ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻤﻬﺭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺠﺩ‬.very clever.These pupils in this class are3.
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻙ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻼﻤﻴﺫ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻤﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﻭﺍ‬.Those pupils in that class are not clever.4.
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ‬Exercise No. 1
‫ﺼ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺭ‬‫ﺍﻷﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬:*) Choose the right answer between brackets:-
1. The window is green. (He – She – It) is not yellow.
2. Usama is standing up. (He – She – It) is not sitting down.
3.
The pencils are in the box. (He – They – We) are not on the table. The plane is in the air.
(She – It – He – They) is flying to Cairo.
4. My name is Ahmed. (I – Me – My) am fifteen years old.
5. (We – Our – Us) are students.
6. (Yours – You – Your) are teachers.
7. (Your – Yours – You) books are new.
8. He is doing his work; I am doing (my – mine – me).
9. He is doing his work; I am doing (my – mine – me) work.
10. The girl is drinking milk. She is drinking (she – it – they – he) from the glass.
11. The children are eating apples. They are eating (them – her – him) in the room.
12. You should do your homework by (yourself – himself – herself).
13. We finished our homework. We finished it by (ourselves – themselves – yourself).
14. I always depend on (himself – myself – herself).
15. The boys helped the old man. They helped him (ourselves – themselves – herself).
16. The doctor told Huda and Nabil to take care of (themselves – herself – yourself).
17. (Those – This – That) girls are playing basketball.
18. (This – These – That) pupils are polite.
19. (This – These – Those) bag is mine.
Patience is a key to relief.


8.

5
•‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ِﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺭﻱ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺔ‬).(Verb
•‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﻨﻭﻋﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺔ‬:
1Full verb(‫ﻤﺜل‬:‫ﻴﺴﺎﻓﺭ‬travel‫ـ‬‫ﻴﺯﻭﺭ‬visit‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻌﻁﻲ‬give،‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻸﻓﻌﺎل‬ٍ‫ﺙ‬‫ﺤـﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻨﺩﺭﺴﻬ‬ ،‫ﺃﺯﻤﻨﺔ‬‫ﺎ‬،‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬‫ﻤﺜل‬:
‫ﻓﺭﻨﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻓﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬.)‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬(He always travels to France.1.
‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻵﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻨﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻓﺭ‬.)‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﺴﺘﻤﺭ‬(He is travelling to France now.2.
2erebV)Auxiliary(Helping 
•‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬ّ‫ل‬‫ﺘﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ٍ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻋﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺩل‬ٍ‫ﺙ‬‫ﺃﺤﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.
•‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺔ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺤﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬ِ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ٍ‫ﺙ‬‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍل‬‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:
‫ﻴﻜﺘﺏ‬write-‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬buy........‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺔ‬)verb(.

1.ِ‫ﺼ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻴﻐﺔ‬‫ﻔﻲ‬.
2.ِ‫ﺼ‬‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻐﺔ‬.
3.‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬)Passive(.
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺠﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺘﺎ‬ ٍ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺒﺩﻗ‬‫ﺔ‬.
•‫ﺘﻨﻘﺴﻡ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺃﺭﺒﻌ‬ٍ‫ﺕ‬‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎ‬،‫ﻭ‬ٍ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋ‬ ‫ﻟﻜل‬‫ﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬‫ﻤ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌـﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺍ‬
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺎﻗﺼﺔ‬.
•‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ٍ‫ل‬‫ﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬ٍ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻤﺴﺎﻋ‬ِ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺒﻭﻀ‬)not(ِ‫ل‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﺒﺎﺸﺭ‬‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ‬.They are students.1.
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻟﻴﺴﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﺘﻼﻤﻴﺫ‬.They are not students.2.
•‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﺅﺍل‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬‫ﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬ٍ‫ل‬ٍ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻤﺴﺎﻋ‬،ِ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺒﻭﻀ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬‫ﻋﻼﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬‫ﺍﺴـﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬
ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬)‫؟‬(‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:
‫ﻫﻭ‬‫ﻁﺒﻴﺏ‬.He is a doctor.1.
‫ﻫل‬‫ﻫﻭ‬‫ﻁﺒﻴﺏ‬‫؟‬Is he a doctor?2.
•‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬ِ‫ﺏ‬‫ﺤﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻍ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬،‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬.
•‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﹸﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻗﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﺴ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻔﻲ‬‫ﺅﺍل‬‫ﻭ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭﺃ‬‫ﻀﻌﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬.
The Verb

9.

6
ç
1The Infinitive 
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﻴﺘﻜ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻟﻠﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺔ‬)base(‫ﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬to‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﺘﺴﺒﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬to‫ﻤ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻫـ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﻱ‬ ِ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺼﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬)base infinitive(‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬(to) be‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻲ‬(to) sing‫ﻴﻠﻌﺏ‬(to) play
2The Present
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬to‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ،to be‫ﺸﻜﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻪ‬:am‫ﻤﻊ‬I‫و‬ ،are‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺨﺎﻁﺏ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬:
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬am (are)‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻲ‬sing‫ﻴﻠﻌﺏ‬play
3person singularrd
3The Present with
‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺸﻜل‬)- s(‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬)s(‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬.
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬is‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻲ‬sings‫ﻴﻠﻌﺏ‬plays
4The Past
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﻴﺘﻜ‬‫ﺤﺭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻋﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬)-ed(‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬) .‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺓ‬)Irregular Verbs(‫ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻌـﺎل‬ ،
‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬)Helping Verbs.(
‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬was (were)‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻏ‬‫ﻲ‬sang‫ﻟﻌﺏ‬played
5The Past Participle
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻴﻪ‬)-ed(‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﺒﻪ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺭﻜﻴﺏ‬) .‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌـﺎل‬ ‫ﻋـﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻤـﺎ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺓ‬)Irregular Verbs(،
‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬)Helping Verbs.(
‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬been‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻏ‬‫ﻲ‬sung‫ﻟﻌﺏ‬played
6The Present Participle
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻰ‬)-ing(‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ﺒﺈﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻪ‬)–ing(‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺃﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬.
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬being‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻲ‬singing‫ﻴﻠﻌﺏ‬playing
Forms of Verb 

10.

7
654321
Present
Participle
(-ing form)
Past
Participle
(-ed form)
Past
Present with 3rd
person singular
(-s form)
Present
Infinitive
(base)
playingplayedplayedplaysplay(to) play
singingsungsangsingssing(to) sing
beingbeenwas (were)isam (are)(to) be
| 
1.‫ﻤﺎﻋﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺘﺔ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻜل‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﹼﺎﻗﺼﺔ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬to be)(‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬:
beingbeenwerewasareisamto be
2.‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺌﺏ‬ ‫ﻔﺭﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬)s(،‫ﺒﺈﻀـﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ‬)ing(.‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭﺌﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺭﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺤﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬:‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬)present(،
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬)past(‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﻡ‬ ،)past participle(‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺃﺴﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ُﺨﺭﻯ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹼﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻷ‬ ،)base(
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬)infinitive(‫ﺒ‬‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬)to:(
Past participlePast‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬Present
smiledsmiled‫ﻴﺒﺘﺴﻡ‬smile
broughtbrought‫ِﺭ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻴ‬bring
risenrose‫ﻴﺭﻓﻊ‬rise
‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻻﺴﻡ‬‫ﻔﻌﻭل‬)ParticiplePast) (P.P(‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺍﺭﺴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬}‫ﹼﺎﻟﺙ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﹼﺼﺭﻴﻑ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬{.
3.‫ﻰ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸﺴ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻜﺎل‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬)Finite Verbs(‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻓـﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ِ‫ل‬‫ﺒﺸﻜ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﹼﻬﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻷ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻀﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﺘﻐ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﹼﺨﺹ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟ‬.
4.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺃ‬)infinitive(‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﻡ‬)past participle(‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﻡ‬)present participle(‫ﻰ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹸـﺴ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ِ‫ل‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻓﻌﺎ‬)Infinitiesorfinites-Non(‫ﺒﺯﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ِ‫ل‬‫ﺒﻔﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﺘﻐ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﺸﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻷ‬ ،.
5.‫ﺘﺘﻜﻭ‬ ‫ﹼﻬﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﹼﺒﺔ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﺨـﺎﺹ‬ ٍ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻤﺤـﺩﻭ‬ ٍ‫ل‬‫ﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻋﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬)‫ﻓﻌـل‬
‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،‫ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬:
(finite + non-finite)‫ﺘﻠﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬.Dina is playing.1.
(finite + non-finite)‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻟﺒﻴﺕ‬.He has gone home.2.
‫ﻥ‬‫ﺒﺄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺫﻟﻙ‬:
Do good and cast it into the sea.
 
Finite Verb 

11.

8
Defective VerbsVerb To HaveVerb To DoVerb To Be
   

1- Verb To Be 
being,been,were,was,are,is,am,be
PastPresentPronoun
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻔﺭﺩ‬was‫ﺃﻜﻭﻥ‬amI
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻔﺭﺩ‬was‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬/‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬isHe , She , It
‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬were‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬areWe , They , You
   
was am, is 
been
wereare
be
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬.I am a teacher.1.
‫ﻁﺒﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬.He is a doctor.2.
‫ﻤﺭﻀﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﻫ‬.Huda is not a nurse.3.
‫ﻭﺍﺠﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﻜﻨ‬.I was doing my home work.4.
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬‫ﺠﻴﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬.I and Ali are neighbors.5.
‫ﻁﺒﻴﺏ؟‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺃﻨ‬ ‫ﻫل‬Are you a doctor?6.
‫ِ؟‬‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻏﺎﻀﺒ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻫل‬Was she angry yesterday?7.
‫ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬.Today, he is better.8.
‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺃﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﻟﺴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬.You are not a teacher.9.
ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺠﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ُﻋﻁﻭﺍ‬‫ﺃ‬.They were given a good lesson yesterday.10.
 
Helping Verbs 

12.

9
|  
1.‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤل‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻻﺤﻅ‬‫ﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎل‬Verb To Beِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺼﻴﺎﻏ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬‫ﻤﻠـ‬‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ،‫ﺴﺘﻤﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ‬ ،‫ﺴﺘﻤﺭ‬ِ‫ل‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬.
2.‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺩﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﻨﻨﻔﻲ‬Verb To Be‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻀﻊ‬not)n't.(
‫ﻨﻀﻊ‬‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬not)t'n(were,was,are,is,am
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ‬Exercise No. 2
‫ﻀﻊ‬am‫ﺃﻭ‬is‫ﺃﻭ‬are‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻏﺎﺕ‬:I) Put (am), ( is) or (are) in the spaces :-
The window........ green.1.
I ......... in the classroom.2.
We ........ students.3.
There ........ a pen and two pencils on the table.4.
There ........ two pencils and a pen on the table.5.
II) Put (was) or (were) in the spaces:- ‫ﻀﻊ‬was‫ﺃﻭ‬were‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻏﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:
My brother ....... ill yesterday.1.
They ........ students five years ago.2.
Huda and Nabila ........ in the hospital last month.3.
There ........ no planes two hundreds years ago.4.
There ........ a map here last week .5.
Cowards die often.


13.

10
2- Verb To Do 
diddoes,do
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬Past‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻀﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬Present‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤﻴﺭ‬Pronoun
doI , We , They , You did
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬doesHe , She , It
do + play = play‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬=‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬do +
does + play = plays‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬+s=‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬+does
did + play = played‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺼﺭﻴﻑ‬‫ﻟﻠﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺎﻨﻲ‬=‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬did +
•  
1.‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﻐﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻔﻲ‬.
2.‫ﺒﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬not)n't(‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬.
did not = didn'tdoes not = doesn'tdo not = don't
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
1. I do not like smoking. ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬ِ‫ﺤ‬‫ﺏ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺩﺨﻴﻥ‬.
2. He does not remember her name. ‫ﻫ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴﺘﺫ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍﺴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤﻬﺎ‬.
3. We do not go to school on Friday. ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬.
4. Do you speak English? ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻜﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫؟‬ ‫ﺔ‬
5. Did she go to school yesterday? ‫ﻫل‬‫ﻫﻲ‬ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺕ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺫﻫ‬‫؟‬
6. Does he live in Gaza? ‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹸﻥ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫؟‬
7.
.my home work everydaydoI
‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﹼﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻭﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺃﺼﻠﻲ‬)‫ﻀﻌﻴﻑ‬(
‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺠﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤل‬.
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ‬Exercise No. 3
*) Put (do), (does) or (did) in the spaces:- ‫ﻀﻊ‬do‫ﺃﻭ‬does‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭ‬did‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻏﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:
.………….. he bring money yesterday?1.
She ………….. not speak Arabic.2.
I ………… not care.3.
I and Huda …………. not go to school today.4.
.…………. Samy like smoking?5.

14.

11
3- Verb To Have 
has had,have
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬Past‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻀﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬Present‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤﻴﺭ‬Pronoun
haveI , We , They , You had
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬hasHe , She , It
¯‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻲ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺒﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻠﻙ‬not‫ﺒﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬.
had not = hadn'thave not = haven'thas not = hasn't
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
1. I have a new bag. ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺤﻘﻴﺒ‬ ‫ﻙ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺃﻤﺘ‬.
2. Samy has a larger bag. ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺤﻘﻴﺒ‬ ‫ِﻙ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﻤﺘ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻤﻲ‬.
3. The cat has a tail. ‫ﹼ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺫﻴل‬ ‫ِﻙ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺘﻤﺘ‬.
4. I had a key but I lost it. ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﻟﺩ‬.
5. We had a useful lesson yesterday. ‫ﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺫﻨﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻔﻴﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬.
6. Has Huda got any sisters? ‫ﺃﺨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫ﺕ‬‫؟‬
7. Huda has not got any sisters. ‫ﺃﺨﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﻫ‬.
8. I have done my work. ‫ﺒﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﹸﻤﺕ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺩ‬.
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ‬Exercise No. 4
*) Put (have ) or (has) in the spaces :- ‫ﻀﻊ‬have‫ﺃﻭ‬has‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻏﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:
I ............... a new watch.1.
You ........... a red pen.2.
Usama ............... a green pencil.3.
We .............. dinner before we go to bed.4.
Ramzy ............... breakfast at home.5.
He ............. two sisters.6.
Many hands make light work.


15.

12
 
4- Defective Verbs 
 
 
ç 
PastPresentPastPresent
‫ﺴـ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬would‫ﺴـ‬/‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬will‫ﺴـ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬should‫ﺴـ‬/‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬shall
‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬/‫ﻴﻠﺯﻡ‬must‫ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬could‫ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬can
had to (ought to)
‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬/‫ﻴﻠﺯﻡ‬ought to‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻴﺠﻭﺯ‬might‫ﻴﺠﻭﺯ‬/‫ﺭﺒﻤﺎ‬may
| 
 
1.‫ﻤ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻴﺕ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻷ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺎﻗﺼﺔ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻀﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬‫ﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺭﻴﻑ‬)‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬‫ﻤﻔﻌـﻭل‬(
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺄﻥ‬ٍ‫ﺙ‬‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺔ‬‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:go – went – gone‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ‬‫ﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬.
2.‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬must – ought toٍ‫ﺽ‬‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬)had to.(
3.‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻗﺼﺔ‬‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬)s(‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺃﺨﺭﻩ‬to‫ﻗﺒﻠﻪ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬(.
4.‫ﺘﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬shall‫ﻤﻊ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻀﻤﻴﺭ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺘﻜ‬‫ﻡ‬I‫ﺃﻭ‬We.
5.‫ﺘﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬will‫ﻤﻊ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻗﻲ‬‫ﻤﺎﺌﺭ‬‫ﻭﻫ‬‫ﻲ‬:)They, You, He, She, It.(
Examples ‫ﺃﻤـﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬‫ﻘﻴﻠﺔ‬.I can carry this heavy bag .1.
‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬.The train will move2.
‫ُﺨﺭﻯ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺴﺄﺤﻀﺭ‬.I shall come again.3.
‫ِﺩﻴﻨﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬.We should help our parents.4.
‫ﻏﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻘﺎﺒﻠﻭﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺎ‬‫ﺭ‬.They may meet us in Gaza.5.
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻬﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬‫ﻤﺒﻜﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻼﺏ‬.Students must get up early.6.
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻫل‬Can you carry this bag?7.
ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻬﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻁﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬.She couldn't understand me yesterday.8.
He is rich that has few wants.


16.

13
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ‬Exercise No. 5
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺭ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬:-*) Choose the correct answer between brackets:
She must (help - helps - helped) her mother.1.
Ali should (gets - get - getting) up early everyday.2.
Students must not (writes - wrote - write) on the walls.3.
My father may (buys - bought - buy) a watch to me.4.
A good student must (studies - studied -study) hard.5.
We had to (helped - help - helps) the old man yesterday.6.
|  
1.‫ﹸﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬‫ﺘ‬be, have, do‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎل‬.
2.‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬has, does, was, is‫ﻤﻊ‬it, she, he.
Manners make the man.


17.

14
•‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻌل‬ٍ‫ﺙ‬‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍل‬)Full Verb(‫ﻤﺜ‬ ،‫ل‬:‫ﻴﺯﻭﺭ‬visit–‫ﻴﺫﻫﺏ‬go.....‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬)infinitive(‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﻟﻬـﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬)Tense(‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻭﻏﻪ‬.
•‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻌل‬‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍل‬‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،:-
Future PastPresent
SimplePerfectContinuousSimplePerfectContinuousSimple
      
 
 
• ‫ﺘﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺒﺄ‬‫ﻴﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ل‬.
-:Formation)1
ü‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬)‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻟﻠﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺼﺭﻴﻑ‬(‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻼﺤﻅﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬)s(
ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻔﺭﺩ‬‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﺌﺒ‬)he , she , it(‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،‫ﺃﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،:
Ali - Samia - The teacher - The cat
drink + s = drinks
[
Ali drinks tea.1.
play + s = playsHuda plays football.2.
eat + s = eatsHe eats a cake.3.
playI play basketball4.
¯ ‫ﺇ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﻔﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻤ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﺌﺒ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﻔﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻀﻤﻴﺭ‬)he, she, it(‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬‫ﻪ‬:
1.‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺒﺄﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻭﻑ‬‫ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ‬:-(sh, ch, o, x, ss)‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹼﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬(es)
ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬(s)‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:-
‫ﺸﺎﻫﺩ‬‫ﻴ‬watch + es = watches‫ﻴﻐﺴل‬+ es = washeswash
‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻴ‬teach + es = teaches‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﺘﻤ‬‫ﻰ‬wish + es = wishes
‫ﻴﺨﻠﻁ‬mix + es = mixes‫ﻨﻬﻲ‬‫ﻴ‬finish + es = finishes
Tenses of The Verb 
1. The Present Simple Tense

18.

15
‫ﹶ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺒ‬fix + es = fixes‫ﻴﺫﻫﺏ‬go + es = goes
‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬/‫ﻴ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺒ‬pass + es = passes‫ﻴﻔﻌل‬do + es = does
‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴ‬match + es = matches‫ﻴ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺒ‬cross + es = crosses
2.‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬(y)‫ﺴﺎﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺴﺒﻘﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬(y)‫ـﻀﺎﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺫﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬
(ies)ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬،‫ﻤﺜل‬:-
tries‫ﻴﺤﺎﻭل‬try
cries‫ﻴﺒﻜﻲ‬cry
studies‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴﺩ‬‫ﺱ‬study
flies‫ﻴﻁﻴ‬‫ﺭ‬fly
3.‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬( y )‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺴﺒﻘﻪ‬)‫ﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬(‫ﹼـ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬ ،‫ﻪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬( s )
ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬( y )‫ﻤﺜل‬:-
‫ﻁﻴﻊ‬‫ﻴ‬obey + s = obeys‫ﻴﻠﻌﺏ‬play + s = plays
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬say + s = says‫ﻴﺸﺘﺭﻱ‬buy + s = buys
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬‫ﺙ‬/‫ﻴﺒﻘﻰ‬stay + s = stays‫ﻴﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬enjoy + s = enjoys
•vowels)u,o,i,e,a(
:Usage)2
•‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ل‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻍ‬‫ﻴ‬:
1.)ctfa(‫ﻤﺜل‬:-
‫ﺘﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ُ‫ﺽ‬‫ﺍﻷﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬.The earth moves around the sun.1.
‫ﻫﻡ‬‫ﻴﻠﻌﺒﻭﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺃﺴﺒﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﹸل‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺓ‬.They play football every week.2.
2.)habit(‫ﻤﺜل‬:-
‫ﺴﺎﻤﻲ‬‫ﻴﺫﻫﺏ‬‫ﺼﺒﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬.Samy goes to school every morning.1.
‫ﻴﺫﻫﺏ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻷﻭﻻ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺴ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ِ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬.Boys go to school at the age of six.2.
Key words)3 
•‫ﺍﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺢ‬‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬:
‫ﺍﻹﻁﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬/‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺒﺩ‬never‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤ‬always
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻤﻭﻤ‬generally‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬often
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﺭﺍﺭ‬/‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬frequently‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻋﺎﺩ‬usually
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻨﺎﺩﺭ‬rarely‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ‬sometimes
‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻨﺎﺩﺭ‬seldom‫ﻜل‬)‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬–،‫ﺃﺴﺒﻭﻉ‬...(every….

19.

16
| 
1.‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤﺎﻋﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬every)(ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺄﺘﻲ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤﻠ‬.
2.‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸﺭﻁ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤﻠ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻭﻍ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬‫ـﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒـﺴﻴﻁ‬‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺎﺩ‬‫ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬(fact)‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬(habit)،‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺼﺎﻍ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬
‫ﺍﻷﺘﻲ‬:-
The earth moves around the sun.
‫ﺽ‬‫ﺍﻷﺭ‬‫ﺘﺩﻭﺭ‬‫ﹼﻤﺱ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬) .‫ﺃﻓﺎﺩ‬‫ﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺤﻘﻴﻘ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻓﺘ‬)move(‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤﻊ‬‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﹼﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺠﺩ‬‫ﺔ‬.
3.‫ﺘﻭﻀﻊ‬(to)‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟﺘﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺫﻓﻬﺎ‬.
-:The Present Simple Tense Negative and Interrogative)4 
 
1.‫ﺇ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬)(s‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ،‫ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻔﻲ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬+don't+‫ﻓﺎﻋل‬.(
2.‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬)(s،‫ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬)?...‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬+‫ﻓﺎﻋل‬+Do(.
3.‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺒﻪ‬)s(‫ﺃﻭ‬(es)‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬‫ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻔﻲ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬‫ل‬+doesn't+‫ﻓﺎﻋل‬.(
4.‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺒﻪ‬)(s‫ﺃﻭ‬(es)‫ﻟﻼﺴﺘﻔ‬‫ﻬﺎﻡ‬‫ﻨﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬)?...‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬+‫ﻓﺎﻋل‬+Does(.
Interrogative NegativeExamples 
Do you speak English?
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺘﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬‫ﺔ‬‫؟‬
I don't speak English.
‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺃﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﻡ‬ُُ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬‫ﺔ‬.
I speak English.
‫ﺃﻨﺎ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺃﺘﻜ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬‫ﺔ‬.
1.
Does Ali speak English?
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬‫ﺔ‬‫؟‬
Ali doesn't speak English.
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﺘﻜ‬‫ﻡ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬‫ﺔ‬.
Ali speaks English.
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬‫ﻴﺘﻜ‬‫ﹼﻡ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬‫ﺔ‬.
2.
Does Huda wash the car?
‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫ﺘﻐﺴل‬ ‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬‫؟‬
Huda doesn't wash the car.
‫ﻫ‬‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﺘﻐﺴل‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬.
Huda washes the car.
‫ﻫ‬‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﺘﻐﺴل‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬.
3.
‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
‫ﺴﺎﻤﻲ‬‫ﻴﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻋﺎﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻜل‬.Samy usually stays at home everyday.1.
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬ِ‫ﻁ‬‫ﹸﻤ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬‫ﺭ‬ُ‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺘﺎﺀ‬.It often rains in winter.2.
‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬‫ﺸﺎﻫﺩ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻴل‬.Ahmed always watches TV at night.3.
‫ﺸﺎﻫﺩﻭ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬‫ﻴل‬.Always they watch TV at night.4.
‫ﺃﻤﻴﺭﺓ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺯﻭﺭﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬.Ameera never visits us.5.

20.

17
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ‬Exercise No. 6
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺭ‬‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﺍﻷﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬:-I) Choose the correct verbs in the brackets:
He sometimes (take – takes – to take) the bus to school.1.
We generally (spoke – speaks – speak) Arabic.2.
He (watch – watches – is watching) the news on TV every evening.3.
I always (meet – meets – meeting) him on the corner of this street.4.
The sun (give – giving – gives – is giving) us light.5.
He usually (drives – drive – is driving) very fast.6.
‫ﺤ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﺢ‬‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻷﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬:-II) Correct the verbs between brackets:
I usually drink tea after breakfast, but my sister (drink) milk.1.
He always (reach) school late.2.
He never (visit) us.3.
He rarely (answer) my letters.4.
Every Friday, he (go) to the river and (catch) fish.5.
Nagla sometimes, (enjoy) watching television.6.
He always (study) Arabic at school.7.
She usually (get) up early.8.
The moon sometimes (shine) at night.9.
He (to visit) his uncle every week.10.
The exception proves the rule. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

21.

18
 
-:Formation)1
•‫ﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺼﺭﻴﻑ‬‫ﻟﻠﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺎﻨﻲ‬.
‫ﺸﺎﻫﺩﺕ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ُ‫ﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬ِ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬.I watched TV yesterday.1.
‫ﺠﺭﻯ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺏ‬‫ﺌ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺒﺘﻌﺩ‬.The wolf ran away.2.
‫ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺕ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﺩﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﻨﺎﻥ‬ ْ.Hanan met her friend at school.3.
| 
1)regular()irregular( 
(Regular Verbs)‫ﻭﻫ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬(ed)‫ﺃﻭ‬
(d)‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:-
‫ﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬‫ﻴ‬help - helped - helped
‫ﻴﺒﺘﺴﻡ‬smile - smiled - smiled
‫ﺸﺎﻫﺩ‬‫ﻴ‬watch - watched - watched
|  
1.‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬(ed)‫ﺇ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﻟﻰ‬‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹸﻀ‬‫ﻨ‬)‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ٍ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ٍ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺴﺎﻜ‬‫ﺤـﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠـﻪ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺘﺤ‬‫ﻙ‬(‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:
‫ﺴﺎﻓﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬travel + ed = travelled
‫ﹼ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﻴﺘﻭ‬‫ﻑ‬stop + ed = stopped
2.‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬(ed)‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ِ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬( y )‫ﺴﺎﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺴﺒﻘﻪ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻥ‬(y)‫ﻴ‬‫ﺤﺫﻑ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬
(ied)‫ﻤﺜل‬ ،:-
study + ed = studied ‫ﻴﺩﺭﺱ‬ deny + ed = denied ‫ﻨﻜﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬
carry + ed = carried ‫ﻴﺤﻤل‬ cry + ed = cried ‫ﻴﺒﻜﻲ‬
3.‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬(y)ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺴﺒﻭﻗ‬،ٍ‫ﻙ‬‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭ‬ ٍ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭ‬‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹼﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬(ed)ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴ‬‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬
‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ل‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹸﺤ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬(y)‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬(ied)،‫ﻤﺜل‬:-
‫ﻴﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬enjoy + ed = enjoyed
‫ﻴﻠﻌﺏ‬play + ed = played
4.ِ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﺘﻬﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬(e)‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬(e)‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻘﻰ‬(d)‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺒﺩ‬(ed)،‫ﻤﺜل‬:
invite + d = invited ‫ﻴﺩﻋﻭ‬ smile + d = smiled ‫ﻴﺒﺘﺴﻡ‬
prove + d = proved ‫ﺒﺭﻫﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬/‫ﺜﺒﺕ‬‫ﻴ‬ exercise + d = exercised ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴﺘﻤ‬‫ﻥ‬
2.The Past Simple Tense

22.

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:(Irregular Verbs)ِ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻅﻬ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻔﻅﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﻗﻠﺏ‬‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺯ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹸﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺎﺫ‬.

2) Usage:- 
•‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻍ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻵﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬:-
1.‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺭﺩ‬‫ﺎﺭﻴﺨﻲ‬.
2.‫ﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ِ‫ﻘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬‫ﺼﺹ‬.
3.‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ٍ‫ﺙ‬‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻌﺒﻴﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬،‫ﻤﺜل‬:-
‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻗﺎﺒﻠ‬ِ‫ﺱ‬.I met him yesterday.
4.‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻟﻠ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ٍ‫ﺓ‬‫ﻋﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻌﺒﻴﺭ‬‫ﻤﺜل‬:-
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ َ‫ل‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺴﺒﺤ‬ ،ٍ‫ﺓ‬‫ﺇﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬.When I was on holiday, I swam everyday.
Key words)3 
•‫ﺍﻟﻜ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺢ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺎﻏﺔ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺯﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬in olden times‫ﺃﻤﺱ‬yesterday
‫ﻤﻨﺫ‬ago‫ﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬once
‫ﺎﺒﻕ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬/‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬last...‫ﺍﻷﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬one day
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬last night‫ﺍﻵﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬just now
‫ﹼ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻬﺭ‬last month‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬in the past
-:The Past Simple Tense Negative and Interrogative)4 
•
1.‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬‫ﻨﻔﻲ‬‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌل‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺘﻜ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬:
did not 
2.‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺘﺘﻜ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬:
?Did 
InterrogativeNegativeExamples
Did they go to school?
‫ﻫل‬‫ﺫﻫﺒﻭﺍ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫؟‬
They didn't go to school.
‫ﻫﻡ‬‫ﻴﺫﻫﺒﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬.
They went to school.
‫ﻫﻡ‬‫ﺫﻫﺒﻭﺍ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺭﺴ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬.
Did the wolf run away?
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻫل‬‫ﺏ‬‫ﺍﻟﺫﺌ‬‫؟‬
The wolf didn't run away.
‫ﺏ‬‫ﺍﻟﺫﺌ‬‫ﻟﻡ‬‫ِﺭ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬.
The wolf ran away.
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺏ‬‫ﺍﻟﺫﺌ‬.

23.

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‫ﺃﻤﺜـــﻠﺔ‬Examples
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺒﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻓﺭ‬.Ahmed travelled to Japan last week.1.
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻤﻲ‬‫ﺴﺎﻟﺔ‬.Samy wrote the letter.2.
‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺸﺘﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﺔ‬.My father bought a new car last year.3.
‫ﻫ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻯ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻉ‬‫ﺍﻷﺴﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬.Huda studied lesson ten a week ago.4.
‫ﻤﺎﻀﻴﺔ‬ ٍ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺃﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺩﺍﺀ‬ ِ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻟﻁﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻭﻨﺎﻫﻡ‬.We invited them for lunch three days ago.5.
‫ﺘﻤﺭﻴـﻥ‬Exercise No. 7
‫ﺤ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﺍﻷﻗﻭﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺢ‬:*) Correct the verbs in brackets:
Ahmed ……………. (buy) a new bicycle last week.1.
She ……………. (make) a cake yesterday.2.
Two months ago, we …………(have) a holiday.3.
Samy ……………. (to climb) a tree yesterday.4.
I ……………… (finish) my work two hours ago.5.
A stitch in time saves nine. 
 

24.

21
7VerbsWeakorRegularorOrdinary‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﻨـﺩ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻭﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ‬)‫ﹼﺎﻨﻲ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﹼﺼﺭﻴﻑ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬()past tense(‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹼﺼﺭﻴ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﻑ‬‫ﹼﺎﻟﺙ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬)‫ﺍﺴﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻭل‬) (past participle(‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﻀﺎﺭﻋﻬﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨﻁﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺩﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ed‫ﺃﻭ‬d.)‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻻﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬.(
Past participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
infinitiveorPresent 
 
provedproved‫ﺒﺭﻫﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬prove
helpedhelped‫ﻴﺴﺎﻋﺩ‬help
burntburnt‫ﻴﺤﺭﻕ‬burn
| 
1.‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬)e(‫ﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻨﻀﻴﻑ‬)d.(
Past participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
infinitiveorPresent 
 
arrivedarrived‫ﻴﺼل‬arrive
changedchanged‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻴ‬change
invitedinvited‫ﻴﺩﻋﻭ‬invite
2.‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬)y(‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺴﺒﻭﻗ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ٍ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭ‬ٍ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺴﺎﻜ‬،‫ﻥ‬‫ﻓﺈ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬)y(‫ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﻘﻠﺏ‬‫ﻴ‬)i(‫ـﻀﺎﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬
)ed(‫ﺘﺼﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬.
Past participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
infinitiveorPresent 
 
criedcried‫ﻴﺒﻜﻲ‬cry
marriedmarried‫ﻴﺘﺯﻭﺝ‬marry
studiedstudied‫ﻴﺩﺭﺱ‬study
3.‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬)y(‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺴﺒﻭﻗ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ِ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺒﺤﺭ‬‫ﹼﺔ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬)‫ﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬‫ﻤ‬(‫ﻥ‬‫،ﻓﺈ‬‫ﺍﻟـ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻑ‬)y(‫ﻜﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻘـﻰ‬‫ﻫـﻭ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻀﺎﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬)ed(‫ﺘﺼﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬.
Past participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
infinitiveorPresent 
 
enjoyedenjoyed‫ﻴﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬enjoy
obeyedobeyed‫ﻁﻴﻊ‬‫ﻴ‬obey
playedplayed‫ﻴﻠﻌﺏ‬play
stayedstayed‫ﹸﺙ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬/‫ﻴﺒﻘﻰ‬stay
Conjugation of Verbs 

25.

22
4.‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬)ed(‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻋﻑ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ٍ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺒﺤـﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬ٍ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺴـﺎﻜ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﻗﺒﻠـ‬
‫ﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬‫ﻤ‬.(
Past participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
infinitiveorPresent 
 
stoppedstopped‫ِﻑ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻴ‬stop
travelledtravelled‫ﺴﺎﻓﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬travel
Past
participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
orPresent
infinitive 

 
Past
participle

 
Past 

 
Meaning
 
orPresent
infinitive 

 
describeddescribed‫ﯾﺼﻒ‬describeactedacted‫ﯾﻤﺜﻞ‬act
dieddied‫ﯾﻤﻮت‬diedamageddamaged‫ﯾﺘﻠﻒ‬damage
disappeareddisappeared‫ﯾﺨﺘﻔﻲ‬disappearaskedasked‫ﯾﺴﺄل‬ask
diveddived‫ﯾﻐﻄﺲ‬/‫ﯾﻐﻮص‬divebelievedbelieved‫ﯾﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬believe
dreameddreamed‫ﯾﺤﻠﻢ‬dreamattackedattacked‫ﯾﮭﺎﺟﻢ‬attack
droppeddropped‫ِﻂ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﯾﺴ‬dropblinkedblinked‫ﯾﻐﻤﺰ‬blink
earnedearned‫ﻗﻮﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﺴﺐ‬earnarrivedarrived‫ﯾﺼﻞ‬arrive
endedended‫ﯾﻨﮭﻲ‬endbelonged tobelonged to‫ﯾﺨﺺ‬belong to
enjoyedenjoyed‫ﯾﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬enjoyboiledboiled‫ﯾﻐﻠﻲ‬boil
eruptederupted‫ﯾﺜﻮر‬)‫اﻟﺒﺮﻛﺎن‬(eruptcalledcalled‫ﯾﺘﺼﻞ‬/‫ﯾﻨﺎدي‬call
evaporatedevaporated‫ﯾﺘﺒﺨﺮ‬evaporateborrowedborrowed‫ﯾﻘﺘﺮض‬borrow
exercisedexercised‫ﯾﺘﻤﺮن‬exercisecarriedcarried‫ﯾﺤﻤﻞ‬carry
explainedexplained‫ﯾﺸﺮح‬explainchangedchanged‫ُﺮ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ُﻐ‬‫ﯾ‬change
explodedexploded‫ﯾﻨﻔﺠﺮ‬explodechasedchased‫ﯾﻄﺎرد‬chase
finishedfinished‫ﯾﻨﮭﻲ‬finishcheckedchecked‫ﯾﺮاﺟﻊ‬check
floatedfloated‫ﯾﻄﻔﻮ‬floatcleanedcleaned‫ﯾﻨﻈﻒ‬clean
foldedfolded‫ﯾﺜﻨﻲ‬/‫ﯾﻄﻮي‬foldclosedclosed‫ِﻖ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ُﻐ‬‫ﯾ‬close
followedfollowed‫ﯾﺘﺒﻊ‬followclimbedclimbed‫ﯾﺘﺴﻠﻖ‬climb
formedformed‫ّﻮن‬‫ﻜ‬ُ‫ﯾ‬formcomparedcompared‫ﯾﻘﺎرن‬compare
guessedguessed‫ُﺨﻤﻦ‬‫ﯾ‬guesscollectedcollected‫ﯾﺠﻤﻊ‬collect
happenedhappened‫ﯾﺤﺪث‬happencomputedcomputed‫ﯾﺤﺴﺐ‬/‫ﯾﺤﺼﻲ‬compute
hatedhated‫ﯾﻜﻮه‬hatecondensedcondensed‫ﯾﻜﺜﻒ‬condense
heatedheated‫ﯾﺄﻣﻞ‬heatcorrectedcorrected‫ﯾﺼﺤﺢ‬correct
hopedhoped‫ﯾﺄﻣﻞ‬hopecookedcooked‫ﯾﻄﺒﺦ‬cook
hurried uphurried up‫ُﺴﺮع‬‫ﯾ‬hurry upcontrolledcontrolled‫ﯾﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬control
introducedintroduced‫ﯾﻘﺪم‬introducecopiedcopied‫ﯾﻨﺴﺦ‬copy
joinedjoined‫ﯾﺮﺑﻂ‬joincorrectedcorrected‫ﯾﺼﺤﺢ‬correct
jumpedjumped‫ﯾﻘﻔﺰ‬jumpcountedcounted‫ﯾﻌﺪ‬count
kickedkicked‫ﯾﺮﻛﻞ‬kickcrawledcrawled‫ﯾﺰﺣﻒ‬/‫ﯾﺤﺒﻮ‬crawl
killedkilled‫ﯾﻘﺘﻞ‬killcrossedcrossed‫ﯾﻌﺒﺮ‬cross
landedlanded‫ﯾﺮﺳﻮ‬landdanceddanced‫ﯾﺮﻗﺺ‬dance
 

26.

23
Past participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
ortPresen
infinitive 

 
Past
participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
orPresent
infinitive 

 
rememberedremembered‫ﯾﺘﺬﻛﺮ‬rememberliftedlifted‫ﯾﺮﻓﻊ‬lift
replayedreplayed‫ﯾﺮد‬replaylikedliked‫ﯾﺤﺐ‬like
reportedreported‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺪم‬reportlistenedlistened‫ﯾﻨﺼﺖ‬listen
restedrested‫ﯾﺮﺗﺎح‬restlivedlived‫ﯾﻌﯿﺶ‬live
revisedrevised‫ﯾﺮاﺟﻊ‬reviseloadedloaded‫ﯾﺤﻤﻞ‬load
sailedsailed‫ُﺒﺤﺮ‬‫ﯾ‬saillooked afterlooked after‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﻨﻲ‬look after
screamedscreamed‫ﯾﺼﺮخ‬screamlooked atlooked at‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﻈﺮ‬look at
shoppedshopped‫ّق‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﯾﺘﺴ‬shoplooked forlooked for‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺒﺤﺚ‬look for
shoutedshouted‫ﯾﺼﯿﺢ‬shoutlooked goodlooked goodً‫ا‬‫ﺟﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺒﺪو‬look good
slopedsloped‫ﯾﻨﺰﻟﻖ‬slopelooked uplooked up
‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺮج‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬
look up
sowed (sown)sowed‫ّر‬‫ﺬ‬‫ُﺒ‬‫ﯾ‬sowlovedloved‫ﯾﺤﺐ‬love
startedstarted‫ﯾﺒﺪأ‬startmarriedmarried‫ﯾﺘﺰوج‬marry
stayedstayed‫ُﺚ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﯾﻤ‬staymatchedmatched‫ُﻼﺋﻢ‬‫ﯾ‬match
stoppedstopped‫ﯾﺘﻮﻗﻒ‬stopmeasuredmeasured‫ﯾﻘﯿﺲ‬measure
supportedsupported‫ﯾﺪﻋﻢ‬supportmendedmended‫ّﺢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﯾﺼ‬mend
storedstored‫ُن‬‫ﺰ‬‫ُﺨ‬‫ﯾ‬storemilkedmilked‫ﯾﺤﻠﺐ‬milk
switched onswitched on
‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬ ‫ﯾﺪﯾﺮ‬/
‫اﻟﻨﻮر‬ ‫ﯾﺸﻌﻞ‬
switch onmissedmissed‫ﯾﻔﺘﻘﺪ‬miss
talkedtalked‫ﯾﺘﺤﺪث‬talkmovedmoved‫ّك‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﯾﺘﺤ‬move
tastedtasted‫ﯾﺘﺬوق‬/‫ﯾﺬوق‬tasteneededneeded‫ﯾﺤﺘﺎج‬need
tiedtied‫ﯾﺮﺑﻂ‬tieopenedopened‫ﯾﻔﺘﺢ‬open
thankedthanked‫ﯾﺸﻜﺮ‬thankorderedordered‫ﯾﺄﻣﺮ‬order
touchedtouched‫ﯾﻠﻤﺲ‬touchownedowned‫ﯾﻤﺘﻠﻚ‬own
trainedtrained‫ﯾﺪرب‬trainpaintedpainted‫ﯾﺪھ‬‫ﻦ‬paint
translatedtranslated‫ﯾﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬translatepassedpassed‫ﯾﻤﺮ‬pass
travelledtravelled‫ﯾﺴﺎﻓﺮ‬travelphonedphonedً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻠﯿﻔﻮﻧﯿ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺑـ‬phone
triedtried‫ﯾﺤﺎول‬trypickedpicked‫ﯾﻘﻄﻒ‬pick
turnedturned‫ﯾﺪور‬/‫ﯾﻠﻒ‬turnplantedplanted‫ﯾﺰرع‬plant
typedtyped‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﺘﺐ‬
‫اﻵﻟﺔ‬typeplayedplayed‫ﯾﻠﻌﺐ‬play
usedused‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬useploughedploughed‫ﯾﺤﺮث‬plough
visitedvisited‫ﯾﺰور‬visitpointed topointed to‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺸﯿﺮ‬point to
waitedwaited‫ﯾﻨﺘﻈﺮ‬waitpostedposted‫ﯾﺮﺳﻞ‬post
wantedwanted‫ﯾﺮﯾﺪ‬wantpouredpoured‫ﯾﺼﺐ‬pour
washedwashed‫ﯾﻐﺴﻞ‬washpracticedpracticed‫ﯾﺘﻤﺮن‬practice
watchedwatched‫ﯾﺸﺎھﺪ‬watchpreferredpreferred‫ّﻞ‬‫ﻀ‬‫ُﻔ‬‫ﯾ‬prefer
wateredwatered‫ﯾﺮوي‬waterpretendedpretended‫ّﻋﻲ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﯾ‬/
‫ﯾﺘﻈﺎھﺮ‬
pretend
weighedweighed‫ﯾﺰن‬weighpronouncedpronounced‫ﯾﻨﻄﻖ‬pronounce
welcomedwelcomed‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ﯾﺮﺣﺐ‬welcomepulledpulled‫ﯾﺸﺪ‬/‫ﯾﺠﺮ‬pull
workedworked‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ‬/‫ﯾﺸﺘﻐﻞ‬workpushedpushed‫ﯾﺪﻓﻊ‬/‫ﯾﺰق‬push
worriedworried‫ﯾﻘﻠﻖ‬worryrainedrained‫ﺗﻤﻄﺮ‬rain
receivedreceived‫ﯾﺴﺘﻠﻢ‬receive

27.

24
7The Irregular Verbs:‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋـﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺭﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬،‫ﻨـﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻌ‬
ِ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻅﻬ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻔﻅﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺫﻟﻙ‬‫ﻗﻠﺏ‬.
Past
participle

 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
Present
or
infinitive 

 
Past
participle

 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
orPresent
infinitive 

 
clothedclothed‫ﯾﻜﺴﻮ‬clotheabodeabode‫ﯾﻤﻜﺚ‬/‫ﯾﻘﯿﻢ‬abide
comecame‫ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‬/‫ﯾﺤﻀﺮ‬comeagreedagreed‫ﯾﻮاﻓﻖ‬agree
costcost‫ّﻒ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﯾﻜ‬/‫ﯾﺴﺎوي‬costbeenwas‫أﻛﻮن‬am
creptcrept‫ﯾﺰﺣﻒ‬creepbeenwere‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬/‫ﯾﻜﻮﻧﻮا‬are
cutcut‫ﯾﻘﻄﻊ‬cutarosearose‫ﯾﻨﮭﺾ‬arise
dared (durst)dared (durst)‫ﯾﺠﺮؤ‬dareawokenawoke‫ﯾﻮﻗﻆ‬/‫ﯾﺴﺘﯿﻘﻆ‬awake
dealtdealt‫ﯾﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬dealbeenwas / were‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬be
dugdug‫ﯾﺤﻔﺮ‬digbornbore‫ﺗﻠﺪ‬bear
donedid‫ﯾﻔﻌﻞ‬do/doesbornebore‫أﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺤﻤﻞ‬bear
drawndrew‫ﯾﺮﺳﻢ‬drawbeat (en)beat‫ﯾﻀﺮب‬beat
dreamtdreamt (ed)‫ﯾﺤﻠﻢ‬dreambecomebecame‫ﯾﺼﺒﺢ‬/‫ﯾﺼﯿﺮ‬become
drunkdrank‫ﯾﺸﺮب‬drinkbegunbegan‫ﯾﺒﺪأ‬/‫ﯾﺒﺘﺪئ‬begin
drivendrove‫ﯾﻘﻮد‬/‫ﯾﺴﻮق‬drivebentbent‫ﯾﺜﻨﻲ‬/‫ﯾﺤﻨﻲ‬bend
dweltdwelt‫ﯾﻘﻄﻦ‬/‫ﯾﺴﻜﻦ‬dwellbetbet‫ﯾﺮاھﻦ‬bet
eatenate‫ﯾﺄﻛﻞ‬eatbetbetted‫ﯾﺮاھﻦ‬bet
fallenfell‫ﯾﺴﻘﻂ‬/‫ﯾﻘﻊ‬fallbiddenbade‫ﻋﻄﺎء‬ ‫ّم‬‫ﺪ‬‫ُﻘ‬‫ﯾ‬bid
fedfed‫ُﻄﻌﻢ‬‫ﯾ‬/‫ّي‬‫ﺬ‬‫ُﻐ‬‫ﯾ‬feedbidbid‫ﯾﺄﻣﺮ‬bid
feltfelt‫ﯾﺸﻌﺮ‬feelboundbound‫ﯾﺮﺑﻂ‬bind
foughtfought‫ﯾﻘﺎﺗﻞ‬/‫ﯾﺘﺸﺎﺟﺮ‬fightbittenbitُ‫ﻌ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺾ‬/‫ﯾﻠﺪغ‬bite
foundfound‫ﯾﺠﺪ‬findbledbled‫ﯾﻨﺰف‬bleed
fit (fitted)fit (fitted)‫ﯾﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬fitblentblent‫ﯾﺨﻠﻂ‬/‫ﯾﻤﺰج‬blend
fledfled‫ﯾﮭﺮب‬fleeblendedblended‫ﯾﺨﻠﻂ‬/‫ﯾﻤﺰج‬blend
flungflung‫ﯾ‬‫ﻄﻮي‬/‫ﯾﻄﯿﺢ‬/‫ﯾﻘﺬف‬flingblownblew‫ﯾﮭﺐ‬/‫ﯾﻨﻔﺦ‬blow
flownflew‫ﯾﻄﯿﺮ‬flybrokenbroke‫ﯾﻜﺴﺮ‬break
forbiddenforbade‫ﯾﻤﻨﻊ‬forbidbredbred‫ﯾﺮﺑﻲ‬breed
forecastforecast‫ﯾﺘﻨﺒﺄ‬/‫ﯾﺘﻜﮭﻦ‬forecastbroughtbrought‫ﯾﺤﻀﺮ‬bring
foretoldforetold‫ﯾﺘﻨﺒﺄ‬foretellbrought upbrought up‫ﯾﺮﺑﻲ‬bring up
forgottenforgot‫ﯾﻨﺴﻰ‬forgetbroadcastbroadcast‫ﯾﺬﯾﻊ‬broadcast
forgivenforgave‫ﯾﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬/‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻔﻮ‬‫ﻦ‬forgivebuiltbuilt‫ﯾﺒﻨﻲ‬build
forsakenforsook‫ﯾﮭﺠﺮ‬/‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺨﻠﻰ‬forsakeburntburnt (burned)‫ﯾﺤﺮق‬burn
frozenfroze‫ﯾﺘﺠﻤﺪ‬freezeburstburst‫ﯾﻨﻔﺠﺮ‬burst
gotgot‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺤﺼﻞ‬getboughtbought‫ﯾﺸﺘﺮي‬buy
givengave‫ﯾﻌﻄﻲ‬/‫ﯾﻤﻨﺢ‬give----could‫ﯾﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ‬can
gonewent‫ﯾﺬھﺐ‬gocastcast‫ﯾﻘﺬف‬/‫ﯾﺮﻣﻲ‬cast
groundground‫ﯾﻄﺤﻦ‬grindcaughtcaught‫ﯾﻤﺴﻚ‬catch
growngrew‫ﯾﻨﻤﻮ‬/‫ﯾ‬‫ُﺮ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻜ‬/‫ﯾﺰرع‬growchosenchose‫ﯾﺨﺘﺎر‬choose
hunghung‫ّﻖ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ُﻌ‬‫ﯾ‬hangclungclang‫ﯾﻠﺘﺼﻖ‬/‫ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬cling
 

28.

25
Past
participle

 
Past 

 
Meaning
 
Present
or
infinitive 

 
Past participle
 
Past 
 
Meaning
 
orPresent
infinitive 

 
saidsaid‫ﯾﻘﻮل‬sayhangedhanged‫ﯾﺸﻨﻖ‬hang
seensaw‫ﯾﺮى‬/‫ﯾﻔﮭﻢ‬seehadhad‫ﯾﻤﻠﻚ‬have / has
soughtsought‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺒﺤﺚ‬seekhad tohad to‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﺠﺐ‬have to
soldsold‫ﯾﺒﯿﻊ‬sellheardheard‫ﯾﺴﻤﻊ‬hear
sentsent‫ﯾﺮﺳﻞ‬sendhiddenhid‫ﯾﺨﺒﺊ‬hide
set outset out‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﯾﺸﺮع‬/‫ﯾﻐﺮب‬set outhithit‫ﯾﻀﺮب‬hit
setsetً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒ‬ ‫ﯾﻀﻊ‬set asideheldheld‫ﯾﻤﺴﻚ‬hold
sewnsewed‫ّﻂ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﯾﺨ‬sewhurthurt‫ﯾﺆذي‬/‫ﯾﺆﻟﻢ‬hurt
shakenshook‫ﯾﮭﺰ‬/‫ﯾﺼﺎﻓﺢ‬shakebeenwas‫ﯾﻜﻮن‬is
shedshedً‫ﺎ‬‫دﻣ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺰف‬/
ً‫ﺎ‬‫دﻣﻮﻋ‬ ‫ﯾﺬرف‬
shedkeptkept‫ﯾﺤﻔﻆ‬keep
shoneshone‫ﯾﻠﻤﻊ‬/‫ﯾﺴﻄﻊ‬shinekneltknelt‫ﯾﺮﻛﻊ‬kneel
shodshod‫ﺣﺪوة‬ ‫ﯾﻀﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﺎن‬
shoeknitknit (knitted)ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﯿﻮﻃ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻘﺪ‬knit
shotshot‫اﻟﺴﮭﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﻄﻠﻖ‬‫أو‬
‫اﻟﺮﺻﺎ‬‫ص‬
shootknownknew‫ﯾﻌﺮف‬know
shownshowed‫ﯾﻮﺿﺢ‬/‫ﯾﺒﯿﻦ‬showladenladed‫ّﻞ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ُﺤ‬‫ﯾ‬lade
shrunkshrank‫ﯾﻨﻜﻤﺶ‬shrinklaidlaid‫ﯾﻀﻊ‬/‫ﯾﺒﯿﺾ‬lay
shutshut‫ُﻐﻠﻖ‬‫ﯾ‬shutledled‫ﯾﻘﻮد‬lead
sungsang‫ﯾﻐﻨﻲ‬/‫ﯾﻨﺸﺪ‬singleant (leaned)leant (leaned)‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻜﺊ‬lean
satsat‫ﯾﺠﻠﺲ‬sitleaptleapt‫ﯾﻘﻔﺰ‬leap
sunksank‫ﯾﻐﻮص‬sinklearned (learnt)learned (learnt)‫ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬learn
slainslew‫ﯾﺬﺑﺢ‬/‫ﯾﺴﻠﺦ‬slayleftleft‫ﯾﻐﺎدر‬leave
sleptslept‫ﯾﻨﺎم‬sleeplentlent‫ُﻘﺮض‬‫ﯾ‬lend
slidslid‫ﯾﻨﺰﻟﻖ‬slideletlet‫ﯾﺪع‬let
slungslung
‫ﺑﺤﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﺮﻓﻊ‬/
‫ﯾﻘﺬف‬‫ﺑﻤﻘﻼع‬
slinglainlay‫ﯾﺮﻗﺪ‬lie
smelt (ed)smelt (ed)‫ﯾﺸﻢ‬smellliedlied‫ﯾﻜﺬب‬lie
sownsowed‫ﯾﺒﺬر‬sowlit (lighted)lit (lighted)‫ﯾﻀﻲء‬light
spedsped‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺰﯾﺪ‬speedlostlost‫ﯾﻔﻘﺪ‬lose
spentspent
ً‫ﻻ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﻔﻖ‬/
ً‫ﺎ‬‫وﻗﺘ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﻀﻲ‬
spendmademade‫ﯾﺼﻨﻊ‬/‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ‬make
spilledspilt‫ﯾﺴﻜﺐ‬/‫ﯾﺮﯾﻖ‬spill----mightُ‫ر‬ّ‫ﺑ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬/ّ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻟﻌ‬may
spunspan‫ﯾﻐﺰل‬spinmeantmeant‫ﯾﻌﻨﻲ‬/‫ﯾﻘﺼﺪ‬mean
spatspat‫ﯾﺒﺼﻖ‬spitmetmet‫ﯾﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬/‫ﯾﻠﺘﻘﻲ‬meet
splitsplit‫ﺷﻄﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﺸﻄﺮ‬splitmistakenmistook‫ﯾﺨﻄﺊ‬mistake
runran‫ﯾﺠﺮي‬runmownmowed‫ﯾﺠﻤﻊ‬/‫ﯾﺨﺰن‬mow
risenrose‫ﯾﺸﺮق‬/‫ﯾﺮﻓﻊ‬riseovercomeovercame‫ﯾﺘﻐﻠﺐ‬overcome
sawnsawed‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎر‬ ‫ﯾﻘﻄﻊ‬sawpaidpaidً‫ا‬‫ﻧﻘﻮد‬ ‫ﯾﺪﻓﻊ‬pay
soldsold‫ﯾﺒﯿﻊ‬sellputput‫ﯾﻀﻊ‬put
spoilt (ed)spoilt‫ﯾﺘﻠﻒ‬/‫ﯾﻔﺴﺪ‬spoilquitquit‫ﯾﺘﺮك‬/‫ُﺮ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﯾﮭ‬quit
spreadspread‫ﯾﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬spreadreadread‫ﯾﻘﺮأ‬read
sprungsprang‫ﯾﻘﻔﺰ‬springridrid‫ﯾﺰﯾﻞ‬/‫ّﺺ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﯾﺨ‬rid
stoodstood‫ﯾﻘﻒ‬standriddenrode‫ﯾﺮﻛﺐ‬ride
stolenstole‫ﯾﺴﺮق‬stealrungrang‫ﯾﺮن‬ring