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December 10, 2015, University Of Tsukuba, The 3Rd Area Building B Room #202
Supported  by    
JSPS  Grant-‐‑‒in-‐‑‒Aid  for  Challenging  Exploratory  Research
ベイジアンゲームモデルを⽤用いた
スポーツシーンにおける信念念提⽰示
小木曽 公尚,鈴木 崇司,岡本 貴之
電気通信大学
第1回 超人スポーツ学術研究会
一般口演セッション#2 スポーツの拡張
もくじ
2
はじめに  
ベイジアンゲーム  
信念念推定  
数値例例  
おわりに
はじめに
3
スポーツと環境の拡張
⼼心理理や感情を天気予報みたいに予測できないか?  
精神的な極限状態,緊張状態での試合(ゲーム理理論論モデル)  
相⼿手の⾏行行動を予測しながら⾃自分の⾏行行動を決める(競争的)  
⼼心理理状態によって⾏行行動が変わるかもしれない(不不確かさ)  
⼼心理理や本⾳音=”信念念”  ⇒  戦略略⽴立立案,観戦情報など
本発表の⽬目的
競争的かつ不不確かな意思決定下での信念念計算  
スポーツシーン:テニスのサービス  
ゲーム理理論論の枠組みで信念念(確率率率)の計算  
超⼈人スポーツに寄与する理理論論や技術の議論論
戦略略型ゲームモデルの構成要素  
プレイヤ:サーバー,レシーバ  
⾏行行動:ショット・リターンの種類  
効⽤用:ショット・リターンの得意度度  
混合戦略略:⾏行行動上の確率率率分布        ,    
仮定:プレイヤは合理理的意思決定をする
戦略型ゲーム
4
戦略略型ゲームモデル:テニスのサービス
1, 2 3, 1
0, 42, 1
flat
spin
flat spin
¯a
¯aa
as1(¯a)
s1(a)
s2(a)s2(¯a)
サーバー
レシーバ
s1 s2
効用値
行動
混合戦略
加えて,プレイヤの⼼心理理情報の考慮  
⼼心中では,フラット  or  スピンサーブ(タイプ)を決める(信念念).  
実際には,フラット  or  スピンサーブを打つ(⾏行行動).
ベイジアンゲームモデル(追加分のみ)  
タイプ(⼼心中):フラット  or  スピン  
信念念:タイプ上の確率率率分布  
仮定:合理理的プレイヤ
戦略型ベイジアンゲーム
5
ベイジアンゲームモデル:テニスのサービス
2, 2 0, 1
3, 41, 1
flat
spin
flat spin
¯a
¯aa
a
1, 2 3, 1
0, 42, 1
flat
spin
flat spin
s1(a|✓)s1(¯a|✓)
s2(¯a|✓)s2(a|✓)
¯a
¯aa
a
flat ✓
µ2
flat✓
µ1
2, -1 0, -1
3, -11, -1
flat
spin
flat spin
s1(¯a|¯✓)s1(a|¯✓)
¯a
¯aa
a
spin¯✓
1 µ1
1, -1 3, -1
0, -12, -1
flat
spin
flat spin
s2(a|¯✓) s2(¯a|¯✓)
¯a
¯aa
a
spin ¯✓
1 µ2
タイプ信念
信念推定
6
信念念の推定アルゴリズム(概要)
信念念推定問題:  
均衡状態の混合戦略略が観測され,プレイヤの信念念を求める.  
アイデア:
[2] T. Suzuki and K. Kogiso, SICE International Symposium on Control Systems, 2016. (to appear)
[1] K. Kogiso, IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2015. (to appear)
均衡解析問題[3]:  
プレイヤの信念念が与えられ,均衡状態になる混合戦略略を求める.
均衡解析問題と信念念推定問題の関係:互いに逆問題
ˆµ(k + 1) = diag(A1, A2)ˆµ(k)
ˆs(k + 1) = A (ci(k))ˆsi(k)
離離散時間⾮非線形時変システム[1]
設計パラメータ    と    の導出
フィードフォワード制御系設計[2]
⇒
A1 A2
システムの⾃自由応答の計算
[3] Y. Shoham and K. Leyton-Brown, Multiagent Systems, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
数値例
7
テニスのサービス
2, 2 0, 1
3, 41, 1
flat
spin
flat spin
¯a
¯aa
a
1, 2 3, 1
0, 42, 1
flat
spin
flat spin
s1(a|✓)s1(¯a|✓)
s2(¯a|✓)s2(a|✓)
¯a
¯aa
a
flat ✓
µ2
flat✓
µ1
2, -1 0, -1
3, -11, -1
flat
spin
flat spin
s1(¯a|¯✓)s1(a|¯✓)
¯a
¯aa
a
spin¯✓
1 µ1
1, -1 3, -1
0, -12, -1
flat
spin
flat spin
s2(a|¯✓) s2(¯a|¯✓)
¯a
¯aa
a
spin ¯✓
1 µ2
75%
57% 95%
25%
75%
25%
43%   5%
26%
74%
52% 48%
解説者「Aliceは,74%でスピンサーブを狙いつつ,75%の確率率率でフラッ
トサーブを打つでしょう…」
おわりに
8
はじめに  
ベイジアンゲーム  
信念念推定  
数値例例  
おわりに

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