This chapter discusses several theories of psychosocial and cognitive development:
1) Erikson's theory of psychosocial development describes 8 stages from infancy to adulthood defined by psychosocial crises. Piaget's theory of cognitive development outlines 4 stages from sensorimotor to formal operations. Vygotsky emphasized the role of social and cultural influences on cognitive development.
2) The chapter then examines theories of moral development including Piaget's stages, Kohlberg's six stages of moral reasoning, and Gilligan's perspective on female moral development emphasizing caring relationships.
3) The chapter concludes that while moral thinking is important, character education programs seeking to promote moral behavior have had mixed results, as moral thinking does