2. Human evolution defined
ï human
evolution, the process by
which human beings developed on
Earth from now-extinct primates.
Viewed zoologically, we humans
are Homo sapiens, a culture-bearing,
upright-walking species that lives on
the ground and first evolved in Africa
between 100,000 and 200,000 years
ago.
3. ï§
We are now the only living members of what many
zoologists refer to as the human tribe, Hominini, but
there is abundant fossil evidence to indicate that we
were preceded for millions of years by other hominins,
such as Australopithecus, and that our species also
lived for a time contemporaneously with at least one
other member of
our genus, Homo neanderthalensis (the Neanderthal).
ï In addition, we and our predecessors have always
share
4. ï Trends
in human biological and
cultural evolution will be selected
from:
-Early changes exhibited from early bipedals
apes also comparison with living apes.
8. Australopithecus continued
The term australopithecine refers
generally to any species in the
related genera of Australopithecus
and Paranthropus. It may also include
members of Kenyanthropus
Ardipithecus and Praeanthropus.
9. The term comes from a former
classification as members of a distinct
subfamily, the Australopithecine. They are
now classified by some within
the Australopithecine sub-tribe of
the Homininitribe.
10. ï
Members of australopithecus are
sometimes referred to as the âgracile
australopithecinesâ while paranthropus
are called ârobust australopithecineâ
12. Bipedalism
was the most important event in
human evolution because it freed
up the hands.
The large brain was able to take
advantage of this opportunity.
All primates have an upright
posture.
18. Homohabilis
ï Rounded
skull still with brow ridges.
Some development of Brocaâs region
suggesting language.
ï Small
jaw, incisors and canines
suggesting an omnivorous diet.
20. ï
1.5 - 2.4mya in eastern Africa
ï
Cranial volume 500 â 650cc
ï
1 â 1.3m tall.
ï
Made stone and bone Oldowan tools.
ï
Some evidence of cooperative hunting
and scavenging for food.