1. Malaysia
1

2. Layout of Presentation
Pre-independence History
Post-independence History
Life of Mahathir Mohammad
Mahathir Mohammed as a Leader
Achievements of Mahathir
Current Malaysia
Conclusion
Questions and Answers Session
2

3. Presenters
Sohail Maqbool
Maira Rathore
Hirra Pervaiz
Khalid Shah
Sadia Niazi
3

4. Mr. Sohail Maqbool
4

5. MALAYSIA
“Important things
happened not only
centuries before, but also
decades ago”
5

6. Pre-Independence History at a
Glimpse
AD 1400
S P Parameswara set up a trading base in Malacca
1511
Portuguese took control
1641
Dutch captured Malacca
1786
British adventurer entered Penang Malay
6

7. Pre-Independence History at a
Glimpse
1824
Anglo-Dutch treaty signed, British controlled Malacca,
Singapore and Penang
Dutch controlled Sumatra
1840s
Influx of Chinese tin miners to the western coast
1919
British colonial rule throughout the peninsula
7

8. Pre-Independence History at a
Glimpse
1941
Japanese invaded and took control of Malaya and
ruled until 1945
1948
After the war, the British returned
The Malays, Chinese and Indians joined forces to
form an Alliance to fight for independence
8

9. 31st August 1957
Independence Day
9

10. Post-Independence History
1957
On August 31, Federation of Malaya became
independent of Britain with Tunku Abdul Rahman as
prime minister
1963
Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak joined the Federation;
Malaya became Malaysia
1965
Singapore withdrew from the Federation
10

11. Post-Independence History
1970
Abdul Rahman's resignation, Tun Abdul Razak
became the 2nd prime minister and formed the
political coalition
11

12. Ms. Maira Rathore
12

13. Emerging Malaysia
Malaysia grown rapidly into an important trading
partner of both USA and Europe
A large Islamic nation with a diverse population of
Malays, Chinese and Indians
Preserves many traditional values while adapting
an increasingly international look
13

14. Secret Behind the Success
There is only one top
secret behind the whole
story i.e.
14

15. Mahathir Mohammad was born on December 20, 1925, in
Alor Setar in Northern Malaysia
Graduated in 1953 from University of Malaya Singapore
According to Mahathir,
“ This gave me a very good starting point in life: a strong
family, a solid education and a good religious grounding”
Elected to parliament in 1964 as a member of the United
Malays National Organization (UMNO)
15

16. Conti…
In 1969 Mahathir was expelled from UMNO because of
conflict with Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman
Rejoined UMNO in 1970
Reelected to its Supreme Council in 1972 and to
parliament in 1974
Later in 1974 appointed minister of education.
In 1976 he became deputy prime minister
In June 1981 was elected president of UMNO.
16

17. Mahathir Mohammad as PM
He became prime Minister in July
1981
The first commoner to hold that
office
17

18. Mahathir as PM Transformed
Malaysia
Reformed the tax structure and reduced trade
tariffs
Privatized numerous state-owned enterprises
Abridge Malaysia’s ethnic divisions by increasing
general prosperity
The NEP (New Economic Policy)has been replaced
in 1991 by the NDP (New Development Policy)
18

19. Mahathir as PM Transformed
Malaysia
Malaysia prospered economically, with
growing manufacturing sector
an expanding middle class
rising literacy rates
increased life expectancies
Significant infrastructure project
North-South Expressway, a highway that runs from
the Thai border to Singapore
19

20. Mahathir says,
“I inherited the strength of will and pragmatism from
previous prime ministers. From the 1st I learnt how to
handle race relations. From 2nd I learnt pragmatism. I
am less diplomatic. I feel something is right and should
be done, I will do it and will say it. That’s really the
difference. All these ideas were put in place by my
predecessors, so I owe it to them.”
20

21. Ms. Hirra Pervaiz
21

22. Example of positive discrimination between Malays and
Chinese living in Malaysia
Chinese
Malays
Chinese
Mostly businessmen
Healthy and influential
Developed and economically
dominant
Socially effective
educated
MALAYS (Bumiputras, the sons
of the soil)
Rice Cultivation- Common
occupation
Live in Small Communities
Have Limited Social Contacts
Mostly Poor and Illiterate
22

23. Constructive protection was incorporated in
NEP (New Economic Policy) by Abdul Razzak
According to Mahathir,
“ The principal purpose was to draw the Malays into the
main stream of the country’s economic life. The idea
isn’t to expropriate or redistribute the wealth of other
ethnic groups, but to enrich the Malays through
expanding ECONOMIC CAKE”
23

24. Quotas were set and Malays receive a higher
number of scholarships as per their deserving
ratios
MCS (Malaysian Civil Service)
Reforms in Malays land Reserve Laws
Issuance of more business contracts and licenses
to Malays.
Credits, office space and other benefits and
economic advantages
24

25. Employment rate
4 million in 1970
4.8 million in 1980
Unemployment decreased from 7.8% to 5.7%
Average Annual Growth Rate
7.3% for 2nd plan period
8.6 for 3rd plan period
25

26. Mahathir as a Leader
Constructive protection (Positive Discrimination)
Peaceful coexistence
Tolerance but not at the cost of principles
Trust
Social justice
Desire to excel
Visionary and committed
Discourage hegemony
Effective role in regional, Islamic and Int’l Politics
26

27. Lessons We Can Learn From His
Leadership
Willing to learn
Dare to take the challenge
Communication skills
Passion for belief
Make a correct decision & work it out to achieve
the goals
Understand the requirements of the market place
Sensitive to the fast changing world
Professionally handle the Diversity at work place
Confident, responsible & visionary
27

28. Achievements
1989
Communist Party of Malaysia signed peace accord to abandon its
armed struggle
1990
Sarawak Communist insurgent signed a peace accord with the
government
Vision 2020 through NDP
1993
4 Constitutional amendments to avoid delaying legislation
1998
Kuala Lumpur become the first Asian city to host the Common Wealth
Games
28

29. Achievements
1999
Mahathir expelled Anwar his Deputy Prime Minister from the
party, United Malays National Organization (UMNO), found
guilty and sentenced to nine years in prison
2001
Government decided to proceed with construction of the
huge Bakun hydroelectric power project in Sarawak
2002 Aug
new laws against illegal immigrants came into effect
Modernization and rapid infrastructure development
29

30. Mr. Khalid Shah
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31. Malaysia After Mahathir’s Reign
31

32. Current Malaysia
Datuk Seri Najib Tun
Prime Minister of Malaysia
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33. Current Malaysia
Floating Mosque of Malaysia
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34. Current Malaysia
Official Languages
Bahasa Melayu
Other Languages
Chinese , English, Tamil, indigenous
Work force (10.89 million, 2007)
Services: 57%
Industry: 28% (manufacturing-19%, mining and
construction-9%)
Agriculture-15%
34

35. Current Malaysia
Area: 329,847 sq. km
Capital: Kuala Lumpur
Population 29,179,952 (July 2011 est.)
Annual population growth rate 1.542% (2011 est.)
2.0%, (2010)
Ethnic groups: (2012) Malay and Indigenous 61.4%,
Chinese 23.7%, Indian 7.1%, others 7.8%
Religions: (2012) Islam 60.4%, Buddhist 19.2%,
Christian 9.1%, Hindu 6.3%, Other 5%
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36. ECONOMY
36

37. ECONOMY
Nominal GDP:
$247.6 billion (2011 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$9204
Natural resources
Agricultural products
Industry
37

38. ECONOMY
Trade
Marchandise Exports: $212.7 billion (2011
est.),
$197billion(2010)
Electronic products, machinery, liquid natural gas,
petroleum and petroleum products, telecom
equipment.
Major markets
38
China , Singapore, Japan, U.S. , Thailand

39. Import and Export
Exports: $212.7 billion
(2011 est.),
Imports: $168 billion (2011
est.),
Electronic Equipment
Petroleum and Liquefied Natural
gas
Wood and its Products
Palm Oil
Rubber
Textile
Electronics
Machinery
Petroleum Products
Plastics
Vehicles
Iron and Steel Products
39

40. Education
Education expenditures: 4.1% of GDP (2008)
Budget: RM30 billion (USD10 billion)
Literacy (2000 census)
Total Population: 88.7%
Male: 92%
Female: 85.4% (2000 census)
Literacy (2009 census)
Total Population: 95%
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41. Ms. Sadia Niazi
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42. Government
42

43. GOVERNMENT
Federal parliamentary democracy with a
constitutional monarch
Constitution: 1957
Subdivisions: 13 states and three federal territories (Kuala
Lumpur, Labuan Island, Putrajaya federal administrative
territory).
Each state has an assembly and government
headed by a chief minister
43

44. Branches of Government
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
44

45. Malaysian Military Strength
LAND ARMY (2011)
Total Land Weapons: 2,465
Tanks: 74
Towed Artillery: 54
Mortars: 200
AT Weapons: 1,124
AA Weapons: 733
Logistical Vehicles: 3,200
45

46. Malaysian Military Strength
NAVAL POWER (2011)
Total Navy Ships: 65
Merchant Marine Strength: 321
Major Ports & Terminals: 5
Submarines: 2
Frigates: 4
Patrol Craft: 37
Mine Warfare Craft: 4
46
Amphibious Assault Craft: 1

47. Malaysian Military Strength
AIR POWER (2011)
Total Aircraft: 258
Helicopters: 103
Serviceable Airports: 118
47

48. Transport of Malaysia
One of the world’s best transport system is in Malaysia
48

49. Some quotes by Mahathir
Mohammad
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50. “I'm a fundamentalist in the true sense. That is to
say, I follow the fundamentals of religion... But
for over 1,400 years people have been
interpreting and re-interpreting the religion to
suit their own purpose! ... These [extremist and
terrorist acts] are not Islamic fundamentals any
more than the Christians who burned people at
the stake are fundamentalist. They are actually
deviating from the teachings of the religion!”
50

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52. “The financial turmoil has underscored the
many challenges inherent in globalization, ...
Even as we embrace it, we must be wary of
the dangers which accompany it.”
52

53. “If that is everybody's desire we will have to
consider it”
“I have promised not to interfere in politics and
I have not said anything about many things
which were done wrong”
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55. Conclusion
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