Clinical orthodontic photography For more details follow us on (Orthodontic Institution) group on Facebook

1. CLINICAL
ORTHODONTIC
PHOTOGRAPHY
Dr. Khaled Mohamed Wafaie, 2015
‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬

2.  1)Aim of treatment .
 2)Requirements for clinical photography.
 3)Extra-oral and Intra-oral

3. 1)Aim of photography
1. Diagnosis
2. Recording

4. Lischer (1924) wrote that there is a direct
relation between facial features and dental
deformaties;
“distortion of facial lines constitutes a common
complication of oral deformities and in my
experience has averaged as high as 84
percent”.

6. 2)Requirements for clinical
photography
A-Which camera, lens and flash?
B- Mirrors, contrastors, retractors and
Photography screens.
C- How to adjust.

7. Remember to keep it simple and use your own
modified technique
“There are no rules for good photographs,
there are only good photographs”
(Ansel
Adams)

8. A-Which camera, lens and
flash?
1- Cameras
2-Lenses
3-Flashes

9. 1-Cameras
What really differ in orthodontic photography is
the lens and the flash.
In my selection its better to get a camera of 12
megapixels or above, expensive cameras is
not necessary for Orthodontic purpose.
There are a lot of variability in Canon and Nikon,
choose according to your budget but
remember to save for the lens
Average price is 5,000 Egyptian pound.

10. They got good results from 100
years, so you can

11. 2-Lenses
There are many types of lenses:
A- Macro lens
B- Wide angle lens
C-Standard lens
D-Medium telephoto lens
E-Telephoto lens
F-Fish eye lens

12. The one we are going to use is
Macro lens

13. So, whats macro lens?
Lenses are able to focus closer to an object
than normal lenses, offering a 1:1 ratio, they are
used for still-life photography of small objects.

16. Recommended lenses
-Canon EF 100mm f/2.8 Macro USM Lens for
Canon SLR Cameras
-Canon EF 100mm f/2.8L IS USM 1-to-1 Macro
Lens for Canon Digital SLR Cameras
- Nikon 105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-
Nikkor Lens for Nikon Digital SLR Cameras
Their average price is 4,000 egyptian pound.

17. 3-Flashes
 Types of flashes:
1- Ring flash
2- Built in flash
3- Dedicated Camera Flash
4- Hammerhead Camera Flash

18. The one we are going to use is
Ring flash

19. What's the ring flash?
Originally designed for macro photography, ring
flashes fix around the lens, with a connector
An alternative to the ring flash, especially in
macro applications, is the twin/macro flash,
which uses multiple units around the lens.

20. 2-What else do we need
A-Mirrors
B-Contrastors
C-Retractors
D- Photography screens

21. A-Mirrors

22. B-Contrastors

23. C-Retractors

24. D- Photography screens

25. 3- How to adjust?
A)Focal length
B) The exposure triangle

26. A)Focal length
 the distance from the part of the optical path
where the light rays converge to the point
where the light rays passing through the lens
are focused onto the image plane—or the
digital image sensor.
 Its simply the amount of magnification of the
lens. The longer the focal length, the more the
lens magnifies the scene.

28. B) The exposure triangle
1-Aperture
2-Shutter Speed
3- ISO
 Any change in any one of the three elements
will have a measurable and specific impact on
how the remaining two elements react to
expose the film frame or image sensor and
how the image ultimately looks.

29. 1-Aperture
 A lens’s aperture is the opening in the
diaphragm that determines the amount of
focused light passing through the lens. At a
small f-stop, say f/2, a tremendous amount of
light passes through, even at a fraction of a
second; but at f/22, when the diaphragm is
perhaps at its smallest, only a tiny amount of
light is let in (even at longer shutter speeds).

31. 2-Shutter Speed
 Shutter speed refers to the amount of time the
shutter is open or the digital image sensor is
activated. The exposure of the image is
determined by the combination of shutter speed
and the opening of the aperture. Shutter speeds
are displayed as fractions of a second, such as
1/8 or 1/250. Shutter speed increments are similar
to aperture settings, as each incremental setting
either halves or doubles the time of the previous
one. For example, 1/60 of a second is half as
much exposure time as 1/30 of a second, but
about twice as much as 1/125 of a second.

32. 3- ISO
 ISO stands for International Standards Organization.
The ISO rating, which ranges in value from 25 to 6400
(or beyond), indicates the specific light sensitivity. The
lower the ISO rating, the less sensitive the image
sensor is and therefore the smoother the image,
because there is less digital noise in the image. The
higher the ISO rating (more sensitive) the stronger the
image sensor has to work to establish an effective
image, which thereby produces more digital noise
(those multi-colored speckles in the shadows and in
the mid-tones). The digital camera engineers have
designed the image sensor to perform best at the
lowest ISO (just like with film). On most digital
cameras this is ISO 100, although some high end
DSLRs have a mode that brings the ISO down to 50
or even 25.

33. Recommended Exposure
 For intra-oral:
1-Aperture: 22
2-Shutter Speed: 1/125
3- ISO: 1600-2000
For Extra-oral:
1-Aperture: 7
2-Shutter Speed: 1/60
3- ISO: 400
*this numbers is not a must.

34. 3)Extra-oral and Intra-oral
A-Extra-oral
B-Intra-oral

35. A-Extra-oral
A. Face-Frontal (lips relaxed).
B. Face-Frontal (Smiling).
C. Profile (Lips relaxed).
D. Three quarter Profile.

36. A. Face-Frontal (lips relaxed)
 A. The patient head should be in the Natural
Head Position, with eyes looking straight into
the camera lens.
 B.The patient should hold their teeth and jaw
in a relaxed (Rest) position.
 C.Patient’s head is not tilted or rotated; the
shot should be taken at 90° to the facial mid-
line from the front.
 D. Inter-pupillary line is leveled.

38. B. Face-Frontal (Smiling).
The same but with smile

40. C. Profile (Lips relaxed).
A. The patient head should be in the Natural
Head Position, with eyes looking straight into a
distant point.
B. The patient frankfort line parallel to the floor.
C. Leave 2mm in front of the nose and above
the head.
D. Try to get as much as possible of the back of
the head.

42. D. Three quarter Profile.
 Give information about the smile esthetics.

44. B-Intra-oral
1. Frontal
2. Right Buccal
3. Left Buccal
4. Upper Occlusal
5. Lower Occlusal

45. 1. Frontal
1-maximum visualization of all teeth and alveolar
ridges, and also to minimize.
2- The photo should be taken 90° to the facial
mid-line & central incisors.

47. 2. Right Buccal
1-Canine in the middle of the photo.
2-Retract until the distal of the first molar appear.

49. 3. Left Buccal
 The same as right buccal

51. 4. Upper Occlusal
1-The retractors are inserted in a “V” shape to
retract the upper lips sideways and away from
the teeth.
2-The patient is instructed to lower their head
slightly so that the shot can be taken 90° to the
plane of the mirror for best visibility.
3-Use the mid-palatal raphe as a guide to get
the shot leveled.
4-Minimum retractor show in the image is
recommended, and no fingers should be
visible at any time.

54. Problems we may face

55. For FOGGING, use air tip
For NON- REFLECTED teeth, be sure to be 90
degree on teeth

56. 5. Lower Occlusal
The same but the patient lift their chin up.

59. There are always two people in
every picture: the photographer
and the viewer.
Ansel
Adams

60. References
 A short guide to clinical digital photography in
orthodontics.
 Patient photography in orthodontics.
 Digital camera.

61. Special thanks for:
 Dr. Obada Zamrik in the extra-oral photos.
 M. in the intra-oral photos.
For more details join us
at (Orthodontic
Institution) group on
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