1. Towards an Ecology of Environmental Education:Feedback Loops, EE, and Resilience World Environmental Education Congress, Montreal May 2009 Keith G. Tidball & Marianne E. Krasny Cornell University Department of Natural Resources

3. Feedbacks: Virtuous 4. Ecosystem services 3. Natural capital 5. Social capital “VIRTUOUS” Feedback “primes” cycle to repeat and expand 2. Civic ecology education 1. Civic ecology practice

4. Feedbacks: Vicious Feedback “primes” cycle to repeat and expand 5. Depletion of social capital 1. Urban community “VICIOUS” 4. Lack of ecosystems services 2. Highway built 3. Natural capital eroded

5. Virtuous and Vicious Cycles Can be Resilient Desired system Virtuous cycle Undesired system Vicious cycle

6. How can EE Help in Managing a System for a Desirable Resilient State?

7. Virtuous and Vicious Cycles Can be Resilient Desired system Virtuous cycle Undesired system Vicious cycle

8. Bifurcation Zones and Resilient Cycles Vicious Cycle Bifurcation Zone Virtuous Cycle

9. EE, Bifurcation Zone, and Resilience Can EE “shore up” the ridge and prevent the “marble” from crossing into the vicious state?

10. EE, Bifurcation Zone, and Resilience Can EE “diminish” the ridge and help the “marble” cross from the vicious into the virtuous state?

11. Feedback Loop between Social and Ecological Systems Pickett et al, LTER

12. EE EE EE Role in Feedback Loop?

14. An “ecology of EE” explains how EE relates to other parts of the social-ecological system.

15. An “ecology of EE” helps us:

16. to theorize the role of EE in fostering desirable resilience.

18. Civic ecology practices can help confer resilience.

19. EE can be situated in and enhance civic ecology practices.

20. Thus, EE may help confer resilience.