This document discusses infection prevention and control (IPC) in healthcare settings. IPC is a scientific approach to prevent harm from infections to patients and healthcare workers. The goals of IPC are to prevent the spread of infections between patients, patients and healthcare workers, and among healthcare workers. Routine IPC practices include hand hygiene, aseptic techniques, safe handling of sharps, single-use devices, sterilization and disinfection of equipment, appropriate antibiotic use, management of blood and body fluids, and proper medical waste disposal. Adhering to IPC practices is important to reduce infection rates in healthcare facilities and protect patients and staff.
3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
⢠The concept of IPC
⢠Importance of IPC
⢠Goals of IPC
⢠Explain routine infection prevention practices.
4. WHAT IS INFECTION CONTROL AND
PREVENTION?
⢠A scientific approach and practical solution designed to
prevent harm caused by infection to patients and health
workers. (WHO,2018)
5. INTRO CNTD
It focuses on evidence âbased practices and procedures that can
prevent or reduce the risk of transmission of organisms to;
⪠Health Care providers
⪠Patients
⪠Residents
⪠Visitors
6. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?
⢠Infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in
Healthcare settings
⢠They lead to prolonged hospital stays. (In a private setting
YÂŁ$)
7. COMPONENTS OF ICP
⢠Basic measures for infection control, i.e. standard and additional
precautions
⢠Education and training of health care workers
⢠Protection of health care workers, e.g. immunization
⢠Identification of hazards and minimizing risks.
8. GOALS
To prevent the spread of infections from;
âPatient-patient
âPatients to health care providers
âHealth care providers to patients
âHealth care providers to health care providers and to visitors
and others to the health care involvement
9. ROUTINE PRACTICE ESSENTIALS ICP
1. Aseptic techniques
2. Use of single use devices
3. Reprocessing of instruments and equipment
4. Anti-biotic usage
5. Management of blood/body fluid and exposure
6. Sound management of medical waste
10. 1. ASEPTICTECHNIQUES
⢠Aseptic techniques are methods by which contamination with
micro organisms is prevented
⢠Prevention of sepsis by the exclusion, destructions, or inhibition of
growth and multiplication of microorganisms from body tissues
and fluids.
These include; sterilisation, disinfection and decontamination
13. Hand washing
⢠Hand washing is the single most important
measure for the prevention of infection.
⢠Hand washing removes contamination and
decreases the natural bacterial load.
14.
15.
16. Safe handling of sharps
⪠Blood-borne infections are usually transmitted by injuries from
sharps i.e. needles
⪠Most injuries happen after use, before or during disposal.
Therefore,
⪠Do not recap needles.
⪠If recapping is necessary, use a one-handed method of
recapping.
18. 3. REPROCESSING OF INSTRUMENTS AND
EQUIPMENT
⢠Disinfection
-is a chemical or physical process of destroying all pathogenic
microorganisms except spore baring ones, used for inanimate
objects but not on skin
⢠Sterilisation
-a process by which all pathogenic and non pathogenic
microorganisms including spores are killed
19. Sterilization
Instruments must be cleaned first
Sterilize with steam autoclave or hot-air oven
Preferable over disinfection for âcriticalâ
instruments
24. 5. MANAGEMENT OF BLOOD/BODY FLUID AND
EXPOSURE
⪠Every patient is potentially infected with HIV or Hepatitis B or
another blood borne pathogen.
⪠Avoid contact with blood, body fluids, and any possibly
contaminated articles or surfaces.
Use of gloves is mandatory
27. TAKE HOME
⢠Each health care provider should be familiar with
universal precautions to protect themselves, the woman,
and her family.
⢠To prevent infections, routine preventative practices must
be used in conjunction with the disinfection and
sterilization of instruments, use of antiseptics, and
disinfection of work area.
