FAB

6. technology in buildings

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24. technology in buildings

30. Intelligent buildings require cooperation between traditional building trades; architects, designers, engineers, construction trades including mechanical, electrical, plumbing, contractors, project managers, audio visual, systems, green building specialists; experts in new technologies like lighting control, digital signage and information technology to integrate building systems and enterprise information systems. Advanced building technologies provide enhanced monitoring and control, improved comfort, and additional functionality. Technology examples include intelligent bathrooms, chilled beams, light shelves, destination elevators, digital signage, solar chimneys, etc. Integrated systems coordinate functions and share information between building automation systems and IT systems and also encourage the use of energy saving initatives with the solid performance of photosensors, dimmable lighting controls, and solar-tracking devices. More recent advances include switchable glazing, sometimes called "smart windows." These automatically tint or frost, activated by either an applied voltage (electrochromic) or a small release of gas, such as hydrogen (gasochromic). In the commercial sector, pressure on owner/developers to build smart buildings is growing. These buildings will probably be more attractive and easier to lease. Existing buildings, lacking the attractive features of the newer, smarter ones may lose tenants to their smarter competitors because factors such as energy efficiency will have a critical influence. Buildings account for between 30 and 40 percent of national energy use. Energy management systems, such as the Clipsal C-Bus system, can reduce utility bills by 20 to 30 percent, and overall energy can be reduced by up to 50 percent. While Bill Gates and Microsoft might be striving for a future where integrated computer systems do our chores while keeping us warm and entertained, there is a new breed of architects that have a different vision for how, and where, we will live and work in the future. Some are working to create smart buildings that act as living systems, able to change shape to match the needs of the people inside and the changing weather outside. Robert Skelton is developing shape-changing buildings using "actuated tensegrity" - a new system that uses rods and wires manipulated by pneumatics to form a building's exoskeleton. They are able to move in response to wind sensors on the outershell of the building or the conditions within it. Magnetorheological fluid (MR fluid), has been used inside large dampers to stabilised buildings during earthquakes. MR fluid is a liquid that changes to a near-solid when exposed to a magnetic force, then back to liquid once the magnetic force is removed. Massive solar panels are scheduled to power a futuristic 100,000-resident city that will rise from the sandy wasteland of the Persian Gulf. The goal: to create the world's first metropolis that emits not a single extra molecule of carbon dioxide (the words horse, stable and bolted spring to mind). In addition to new technology it will utilise old ideas like light wells, roofscapes, wind tunnels and fountains to dampen the hot climate from smart buildings to smart cities….