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Dengue Fever at a glance
1.
2. All About Dengue Fever
BY
DR.MUHAMMAD ASGHAR (Ph.D)
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF AGRICULTURE (PP)
PEST WARNING & QUALITY CONTROL
OF PESTICIDES, LAHORE
muhammad-asghar@hotmail.com
3. Contents
1. What is dengue fever
2. Symptoms of dengue fever
3. World distribution of Dengue
4. Dengue outbreak in Asia and Pakistan
5. Characteristics of the Aedes mosquito
6. Life cycle of the Aedes mosquito
7. How the Aedes mosquito transmit diseases
8. How to prevent the spread of dengue fever
9. Treatment of dengue fever
10. Chemical Control of Vector of dengue fever
4. What is dengue fever?
Dengue Fever also known as break bone fever
is an illness caused by infection with a virus
(Flavivirus) transmitted by the mosquito
Aedes aegypti rarely the A.albopictus.
5. World Distribution of Dengue 1999
Areas infested with Aedes aegypti
Areas with Aedes aegypti and recent epidemic dengue
6. GLOBAL STATUS
New infections annually: 50 million
• Deaths: 24,000 annually
• People at risk: 2.5-3 billion
• Hospitalized cases: 500 000/year
(90% of those affected are children)
• Leads to death in 5% of cases.
•About half of the world lives in “HOT ZONE”
7. DENGUE OUT BREAK
IN SOUTH EAST ASIA IN 2005
2005 Dengue Outbreak
Cases
Deaths
100,000
80,000
Cases
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
India, (West
Bengal)
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Pakistan
Cases
90,000
3,000
31,000
4,800
Deaths
15,000
0
58
50
8. DENGUE OUT BREAK IN PAKISTAN
(2006)
Dengue Fever In 2006
Cases
Deaths
3500
3000
2500
Cases
2000
1500
1000
500
0
India
Pakistan
Karachi
Lahore
Cases
3331
3230
1836
400
Deaths
49
50
30
4
9. 18 November 2008
•
•
•
•
Punjab -799 confirmed cases and two deaths
754 cases –Lahore
Ghulam Murtaza-from Sheikhupura
"first patient with dengue to have died in
Lahore".
11. Symptoms of Dengue Fever Conti…..
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
fever
headaches
muscle and joint pains,
skin rash and
vomiting.
Low platelet count (<100,000/mm3)
“leaky capillaries:”
13. Characteristics of the
Aedes Mosquito
One distinct physical
feature – black and
white stripes on its
thorax and legs.
Bites during the day.
Lays its eggs in
clean, stagnant water.
Close-up of an Aedes mosquito
14. Characteristics of the
Aedes Mosquito
Only the female Aedes mosquito
feeds on blood. This is because
they need the protein found in
blood to produce eggs. Male
mosquitoes feed only on plant
nectar.
On average, a female Aedes
mosquito can lay about 300 eggs
during her life span of 14 to 21
days.
15. Life cycle of the Aedes Mosquito
1-2 days
Larvae
Pupae
4-5 days
Eggs
2-3 days
Stagnant water
16. How Do Aedes Mosquitoes Transmit
Diseases...
Mosquito bites and sucks
blood containing the virus
from an infected person.
And passes the virus
to healthy people
when it bites them.
Virus is carried in its
body.
20. Prevent Aedes from Breeding!
Remove ALL sources of
stagnant water.
Deny the Aedes mosquito of any
chance to breed.
Personal prevention involves the use of mosquito nets,
repellents, cover exposed skin, use of DEET-impregnated
bednets, and avoiding endemic areas.
30. Dengue Vaccine?
• No licensed vaccine at present
• Effective, safe and affordable vaccine will not
be available in the immediate future
31. Dengue Treatment?
• Fluids
• Rest
• Antipyretics (avoid aspirin and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs)
• Monitor blood pressure, hematocrit, platelet
count, level of consciousness.
• In case of severe bleeding, give fresh whole blood
20 ml/kg as a bolus.
• – Give platelet rich plasma transfusion
exceptionally when platelet counts are below
5,000–10,000/ mm3.
33. oThe main tactic used in fighting Dengue is
eradicating the mosquito.
oAdd some granular insecticide to places that
mosquitoes could potentially breed, such as flower
vases and places where stagnant water could not
be removed (try to remove all stagnant water.
Don’t let it lay its eggs).
oPublic spraying for mosquitoes is the most important
aspect of this approach.
oThe use of IGRs and Bacillus thuringiensis-14 (Bti)
as larvicides in addition to temephos (OP) and
pyrethroid insecticides also suggested.
34. Thanks to all the honourable
authors and websites from where
I have taken some material
Hinweis der Redaktion
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?
Today I’ll be sharing with you more information about dengue, meant for all schools, from The National Environment Agency. I will explain how dengue is spread and what we can do to stop it. Please listen carefully as dengue can strike anyone…you and me.
So what is dengue fever?
Dengue fever is an illness caused by the dengue virus which is spread by the Aedes mosquito.
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?
How do you know if you have dengue fever? You have dengue fever if you have a fever that does not go away even after a few days; You may also experience headaches, muscle and joint pains, skin rash, and vomiting.
How do you know if you have dengue fever? You have dengue fever if you have a fever that does not go away even after a few days; You may also experience headaches, muscle and joint pains, skin rash, and vomiting.
Now I’ll tell you about the Aedes mosquito which spreads dengue.
1) You can identify an Aedes mosquitoe from other mosquitoes by the black & white stripes on its body and legs. Because of this, it is also known as the ‘tiger mosquito.
2) It usually bites during the day.
3) The Aedes mosquito lays its eggs in clean, stagnant water. A pool of water as small as a twenty cent coin is all that is needed for it to breed.
Only the female mosquitoes feed on blood, as they need the blood protein to lay their eggs.
Despite a short life span of two to three weeks, each female Aedes mosquito is able to lay up to 300 eggs.
As seen in this diagram of the Aedes mosquito’s life cycle, it only takes about a week for the mosquito complete the 4 stages consisting of the egg, larva and pupa stage before it becomes an adult mosquito. As one female mosquito lays up to 300 eggs each time, just imagine how many mosquitoes can be hatched!
We all know by now that the Aedes mosquito spreads the dengue virus, but how exactly do they do it? Mosquitoes cannot transmit the dengue virus amongst themselves, they need to first bite a person who is already infected with the dengue virus. The infected mosquito will then carry the dengue virus and pass it onto a healthy person when it bites him/her and causing them to fall sick. The cycle then continues with the new victim.
We all know by now that the Aedes mosquito spreads the dengue virus, but how exactly do they do it? Mosquitoes cannot transmit the dengue virus amongst themselves, they need to first bite a person who is already infected with the dengue virus. The infected mosquito will then carry the dengue virus and pass it onto a healthy person when it bites him/her and causing them to fall sick. The cycle then continues with the new victim.
We all know by now that the Aedes mosquito spreads the dengue virus, but how exactly do they do it? Mosquitoes cannot transmit the dengue virus amongst themselves, they need to first bite a person who is already infected with the dengue virus. The infected mosquito will then carry the dengue virus and pass it onto a healthy person when it bites him/her and causing them to fall sick. The cycle then continues with the new victim.
So now that you know more about the dengue, what can you do to stop it?
Here are the 10-minute mozzie wipe out exercise that you could work on to help get rid of stagnant water in and around your house.
Change water in vases on alternate days.
Remove water from flower-pot plates on alternate day.
Turn over all pails and water storage containers.
Tell your parents or any adults in your house to cover bamboo pole holders when they are not in use.
And tell your parents or any adults in your house to clear blockages and put BTI insecticide in roof gutters monthly.
Do not litter. Rubbish such as cups ad bottles can collect rain water and breed mosquitoes.
Do not litter. Rubbish such as cups ad bottles can collect rain water and breed mosquitoes.
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?
Good morning/afternoon everyone, I’m sure you all know that dengue is a serious problem now, but how much about dengue do you really know?