history of Tajikistan

1. TAJIKISTAN
Whenever I say I am from
Tajikistan, people say:
“hmm… where‟s that?”
SO, WHERE THE HELL ON THE
EARTH IS TAJIKISAN???
By Karimov Karomatullo
Poland,warsaw

2.  Tajikistan,
officially, the Republic of Tajikistan is a mountainous
landlocked country in Central Asia.
 Afghanistan borders from the south, Uzbekistan from the west,
Kyrgyzstant from the north, and the People's Republic of China
from the east.

3. FACTS
 Population: 8.076.598 (July 2007 est.)
 Capital:
Dushanbe
 Area: 143.100 sq km
 Major languages: Tajik/Persian, Uzbek, Russian
 Major religion: Islam
 Life expectancy: 61 years (men), 66 years
(women) (UN)
 Monetary unit: 1 Tajik Somoni= 100 Dirams
1 Euro = 5 Tajik Somoni

4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION
 Most
of Tajikistan's population belongs to the Tajik ethnic
group, who share culture and history with the Persian people
sand speak the Tajik language which is a branch of Persian
language.

5. WHAT DOES “TAJIKISTAN” MEAN?
 "Tajikistan“ means the “ Land of the Tajiks “ in Persian.
 Some believe the name Tajik derives from the Persian
word “Taj ” which means “Crown”.
 The word "Tajik" was used to differentiate Iranians
from Turks in Central Asia, starting as early as the 10th
century.
 According to some other sources, the name Tajik
refers to a group of people who are believed to be
one of the pure and close descendants of the
ancient Aryans.

6. HISTORY
 The
territory of what is now Tajikistan has been
inhabited continuously since 4.000 BCE/BC
 It
has been under the rule of various empires
throughout history, for the longest the period under
the Persian Empire.

7. TIMELINE -EMERGENCE AS ETHNIC GROUP
 8th
century-Tajiks emerge as distinct ethnic group;
Arab invaders conquer Central Asia, including
Tajikistan, and introduce Islam.
 9th/10th century-Persian Samanid dynasty gains
control of Central Asia and, in alliance with the
caliph of Baghdad, develops Bukhara as centre of
Muslim culture.
 13th century -Genghis Khan conquers Tajikistan and
the rest of Central Asia, which becomes part of the
Mongol Empire.

8. TIMELINE -SOVIET RULE
 1921-Northern
Tajikistan becomes part of the
Bolshevik-designated Turkistan Autonomous Soviet
Socialist Republic (ASSR).
 1924-Tajik
ASSR set up by Soviets and becomes part
of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR).
 1929-Tajik
ASSR upgraded to the status of an SSR
and becomes distinct from the Uzbek SSR

9. TIMELINE -INDEPENDENCE & CIVIL WAR

1991-Supreme Soviet declares Tajikistan
independent from the Soviet Union.

Tajikistan joins Commonwealth of Independent
States (CIS).

1992-Anti-government demonstrations in Dushanbe
escalate into civil war between pro-government
forces and Islamist and pro-democracy groups
which eventually claims 50.000to 100.000
lives, displaces 1,2 million and devastates the
economy.

10. TIMELINE -PEACE ACCORD
 1997-Government
and rebel United Tajik Opposition
(UTO) sign peace accord.
 1998-Rahmonovpardons all opposition leaders in
exile and agrees to appoint one of the Islamist
opposition's leaders as first deputy prime minister.
Rebel uprising in north is crushed with the help of
former opposition groups.
 2000-a new national currency, the Somoni,
introduced.
 2001-Tajikistan is quick to offer support to the US-led
anti-terror coalition, set up after the September 11
attacks on the US.

11. TIMELINE -REFERENDUM
 2003-Referendum
vote goes in favor of allowing
President Rahmonov to run for a further two
consecutive seven-year terms when his current
one ends in 2006.
 2004July -Parliament approves moratorium on
death penalty.
 2005June -Russian border guards complete
withdrawal, handing the task over to Tajik
forces.
 2006-Said Abdullo Nuri, leader of the opposition
Islamic Revival Party, dies.

12. TIMELINE -PRESIDENT ELECTION
 2006
November -President Emomali Rahmon wins
a third term in office.

13. ECONOMY (1)
 Tajikistan
was the poorest country in Central Asia as
well in the former Soviet Union following a civil war
after it became independent in 1991.
 Tajikistan's economy grew substantially after the
war. The GDP of Tajikistan expanded at an average
rate of 9,6% over the period of 2000-2004according
to the World Bank data.
 This improved Tajikistan's position among other
Central Asian countries(namely Turkmenistan and
Uzbekistan), Tajikistan is an active member of the
Economic Cooperation Organization(ECO).

14. ECONOMY (2)
A
new bridge between Afghanistan and Tajikistan
has been built which will help the country have
access to trade lines with South Asia.
 Tajikistan
ranks third in the world in terms of water
resources per head.
A
proposed investment to finish the hydro-power
dams Rogun and Sangtuda I and II would
substantially add to electricity production, which
could be exported for profit. If finished, Rogun will
be the world's tallest dam.

15. ECONOMY (3)
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16. CUISINE OF TAJIKISTAN

 Traditional
Tajik cuisine has much in common
with Persian cuisine, and features such dishes as
osh (rice, carrot, meat, olive oil), shashlik(either
beef or lamb), sumalak(special sweet dish
made from wheat germ),mantu(usually lamb or
ground beef)
 Sumalakis prepared for Navruz (the first day of
spring and the beginning of the Iranian
year).Women take a special party for it during
the night, and cook it from late in the evening
till the daylight, singing related songs.

17. OSH

18. Shashlik

19. Sumalak