Linfocitos T CD4_CD8.pptx

Linfocitos T
CD4+ y CD8+
Karla Cristina De los Santos Pérez I 5to A
Universidad Juárez Del Estado de Durango Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud

Generalidades de los linfocitos
CONTENIDO
01
Clasificación
02
Receptor (TCR)
03
Desarrollo de los linfocitos T
04
Linfocitos T CD8+ / citotóxicos
05

Generalidades de los linfocitos
→ Inmunidad específica/adquirida
→ Linfocitos: 20-40% de los leucocitos = 2500
/mm3
- 80% LT
- 20% LB
→ Células pequeñas y esféricas
→ Poco citoplasma y gránulos
→ Núcleo heterocromático y ocupa casi todo el
citoplasma
*Se caracterizan por expresar receptores para el
antígeno distribuidos de forma clonal, siendo que cada
uno es específico de un antígeno diferente
Lichtman, A. H. & Pillai, S. (2022, 15 marzo). Inmunología celular y molecular (10.a ed.). Elsevier.

Clasificación de los linfocitos T

Receptor (TCR = T Cell Receptor)
→ Heterodímero de dos cadenas polipeptídicas
transmembrana unidas por un enlace disulfuro
→ Cadenas (α, β, γ, δ):
- Región extracelular (región variable, Fab, 3 CDRs)
- Región transmembrana
- Región citoplasmática (5-12 AA)
*Complejo del TCR
*ITAMs
*Correceptores CD4 y CD8
ITAMs = estructuras de activación tirosínica del receptor inmunitario

Reordenamiento de
los genes TCR
1. Sinapsis
2. Escisión o rotura
3. Apertura de la horquilla
y procesamiento del
extremo
4. Unión
*RSS (secuencia señal de
recombinación)

Desarrollo de los linfocitos T
*Las células que
expresan CD25 sufren
selección beta
permitiendo seleccionar
a aquellas que tuvieron
un reordenamiento
productivo del gen de la
cadena beta

Linfocitos T CD8+ / citotóxicos
1. Activación del LT CD8+ virgen por
reconocimiento de antígeno
*Presentación cruzada
*Coestimulación por LT CD4+
1. Proliferación / expansión clonal
*IL-2 (prolif. Y dif. en CTL )
*IFN tipo 1 (dif. en CTL)
*IL-15 (supervivencia de LT
CD8+memoria)
1. Diferenciación de LT CD8+ a CTL
* T-BET, eomesodermina y BLIMP1
1. Migración a tejidos periféricos
2. Eliminación de la célula diana
*Apoptosis

Apoptosis: vías de las
caspasas
Abbas, A. K., Aceñero, F. M. J., Moctezuma, V. I. & GEA Consultoría Editorial SL. (2021, 12 junio). Robbins y Cotran. Patología estructural y funcional
(10.a Ed) (10.a ed.). Elsevier.

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