2. CONTENTS
1. METHODS OF DISPOSAL
a. Sanitary landfilling
b. Composting
c. Incineration and pyrolysis
d. Barging out in sea
e. Shredding and pulverization
2. Effects of Improper Solid Waste Disposal
3. Case study
4. Solution to Improper Solid waste Disposal
5. Conclusion
6. Reference
3. What is disposal of solid waste?
Solid Waste Disposal, disposal of normally solid or semisolid
materials, resulting from human and animal activities, that are
useless, unwanted, or hazardous.
• Garbage
• Rubbish
• Ashes
• Sewage-treatment solids
• Mining wastes
• Dead animals
4. ■ A method of disposing of
solid waste on land
without creating
nuisances or hazards to
public health or safety.
■ PROBLEMS:
– Air pollution
– Generation of
liquid leachate.
– Harmful Gas.
Sanitary land filling
5. Shredding and Pulverisation
The size and volume reduction
of msw is accomplished by
the physical process of
shredding and pulverisation.
.Shredding refers to the action of
cutting and tearing.
.Pulverisation refers to the action of
crushing and grinding.
6. Composting
■ Composting as defined earlier is a process in which
organic matter of the solid waste is decomposed and
converted to humus and stable mineral compounds.
There are three methods of composting:
(1) Composting by Trenching
(2) Open window composting
(3) Mechanical Composting
8. Incineration
■ Burning of refuse at high
temperature in furnaces
called incineration.
■ PROBLEMS:
– Emission of dangerous
fumes.
– Incinerators require a
source of energy to
start.
9. Pyrolysis
■ It is defined as heating the solid waste at very high
temperature in absence of air.
■ Pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature between 500C to
1000C to produce three component streams.
10. Barging it out in to sea
■ This method had been used in the past to dispose off refuse by throwing it
away in to sea, after carrying it at reasonable distance from the coast on
barges.
■ The sea depth such disposal point should not be less then 30m or so, and
the direction of the current should be as not to bring it back towards the
shore.
11. Case Study
Solid Waste Management in Mumbai, India-
■ Waste Generation
Garbage generated for 2011-
12: 9,200 metric tones
(Ghanekar, 2013)
Approximate Composition (in
order of volume)
– Compostable matter
– Sand & Fine earth
(from street sweeping)
– Paper/cardboard
– Others (plastics, glass,
metals etc.)
.
12. Waste Collection
■ Salient features:
– Street Sweeping – 100% street cleaning in 1 or 2 shifts (67% by
municipal staff and 33% roads by private contractors)
– Power sweeping introduced in Island City area
– Garbage management in 4 main beaches given to private entities on 5-
year contracts
– Collection 83% through collection bins and 13% house-to-house
collection..
– 1396 trips each day.
■ Waste NOT COLLECTED = 15% of the amount generated. (Ghanekar, 2013)
■ Reason cited, IRONICALLY, is want of resources (when MCGM is the Richest
Corporation in India (Pradhan, 2007)
13. ■ Waste Disposal - Journey of Waste
Waste Collection from
surrounding areas
3 Transfer stations at
Mahalaxmi, Kurla and
Versova
3 Landfills at Mulund,
KanjurMarg and
Deonar
Waste Disposal -
Journey of Waste
Issues for the case-study
.Sheer size of the population and corresponding
Waste generation; High and rapidly increasing
volume of Solid Waste 10000 MTPD by
2025(MCGM)
.No apparent practice of even the most basic
scientific waste management practices like waste
segregation at source
14. Effects of Improper Solid Waste Disposal
Air pollution
Groundwater Contamination
Stagnant water for breeding insects.
Land can get degraded and poisoned
15. Solution to Improper Solid waste Disposal
The government should work to invest on proper SWD facilities,
like sanitary landfills and incineration factories.
Should also improve solid waste collection, by making sure they
collect most of the waste and segregating it to make disposal
easier.
They should also increase awareness throughout all sectors of
society
16. Recommendation
■ The improvement of people and private sector through
NGOs could improve the efficiency of solid waste
management.
■ Public awareness should be created especially at primary
level.
■ Littering of solid waste should prohibited in cities towns
and urban areas.
■ More over house to house collecting solid waste should
be collected
.
17. ■ Sewage disposal and air pollution engineering by
S.K.. GARG.
■ Bhalwar, Rajvir et al, 2009, Textbook of Public Health
and Community Medicine, Pune.
■ MAHARASTRA HEALTH CORPORATION and public
welfare department.
http://www.mcgm.gov.in/irj/portal/anonymous?Navig
ationTarget=navurl://c4b79f15e55f98176905a7c2c7
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References
