This document outlines the typical product life cycle stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It describes how sales, costs, profits, marketing objectives, product, price, distribution, and advertising strategies change at each stage. In the introduction stage, the goals are to create awareness and trial with a basic product through selective distribution and building awareness. In growth, the goals shift to maximizing market share by extending the product line and penetrating prices while building mass market awareness. In maturity, the focus is on maximizing profits while defending share through brand and model diversification, competitive pricing, and intensive distribution paired with stressing differences in advertising. Finally, in decline, the objectives turn to reducing costs and retaining loyal customers by selectively distributing
3. Sales
Costs
Profits
Marketing Objectives
Product
Price
Low sales
High cost per customer
Negative
Create product awareness
and trial
Offer a basic product
Use cost-plus
Distribution Build selective distribution
Advertising Build product awareness among early
adopters and dealers
4. Sales
Costs
Profits
Marketing Objectives
Product
Price
Rapidly rising sales
Average cost per customer
Rising profits
Maximize market share
Offer product extensions, service,
warranty
Price to penetrate market
Distribution Build intensive distribution
Advertising Build awareness and interest in the
mass market
5. Sales
Costs
Profits
Marketing Objectives
Product
Price
Peak sales
Low cost per customer
High profits
Maximize profit while defending
market share
Diversify brand and models
Price to match or best competitors
Distribution Build more intensive distribution
Advertising Stress brand differences and benefits
6. Sales
Costs
Profits
Marketing Objectives
Product
Price
Declining sales
Low cost per customer
Declining profits
Reduce expenditure and milk the brand
Phase out weak items
Cut price
Distribution Go selective: phase out unprofitable
outlets
Advertising Reduce to level needed to retain
hard-core loyal customers
7. Introduction stage:-Induction Cooker, watch phone,
tablet Pcs, LED TV, 3D TV
Growth stage:-smart phone, LCD TV,
Maturity stage:-keypad phone, color TV, lPG gas
Decline stage:-simple phone, Blank &white TV,
Cassette , floppy drive, type writer.
Hinweis der Redaktion
The Product Life-Cycle
This CTR corresponds to Figure 9-2 on p. 288 and relates to the material on pp. 287-293.
Instructor’s Note: This CTR can be used to overview the life cycle concept. Strategies appropriate for each stage are discussed on the following CTRs.
Introduction. In this stage marketers spend heavily on promotions to inform the target market about the new product's benefits. Low or negative profits may encourage the company to price the product high to help offset expenses. companies can concentrate on skimming strategies to generate high profits now or on penetration strategies to build market share and dominant the market for larger profits once the market stabilizes.
Product Life-Cycle Strategies
This CTR relates to the material on pp. 289-290 and 293.
Product Life Cycle Strategies
Maturity. In this stage the company must manage slower growth over a longer period of time. Strategic decisions made in the growth stage may limit choices now. Marketing managers must proactively seek advantage by either market modification to increase consumption, product modification to attract new users (quality, feature, and style improvements), or marketing mix modification in an attempt to improve competitive position.
Product Life-Cycle Strategies
This CTR relates to the material on pp. 292-293.