Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) 2024Final.pptx
Sql interview question part 8
1. KAASHIV INFOTECH
The Asia, India, Tamil Nadu Book Of Record
Holders
SQL SERVER –Booklet 8
- Gives you the interview tips in SQL Server
SQL SERVER Interview Questions-2014
2. KAASHIV INFOTECH
Welcomes you to the Expert Voice Corner
Mr.J.Venkatesan Prabu
Venkatesan Prabu Jayakantham (venkat) has more than 8 years experience in the
Microsoft Technologies such as VB.Net, ASP.Net, C#.net, SSIS, SSAS, ADO.Net, etc.,
He is the Managing Director of KAASHIVINFOTECH
(http://www.kaashivinfotech.com/),a software company in Chennai. Before that, he
worked in HCL Technologies (India and Australia) for six years as Project Lead. As a
service motive, Venkat contributed more than 700 articles which is read by the
developers in 170 countries (400 developers per day)
(http://venkattechnicalblog.blogspot.com/). Aligned with KaaShiv InfoTech’s mission,he
met more than 20,000 young minds and spreaded Microsoft Technologies / Career
guidance programs. Venkat won many awards in his career, which includes Prestigious
Microsoft MVP (Most Valuable Professional) award for the years
2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 and won many awards. List of other awards in his
career,
3. Microsoft certified Smart .Net Candidate in 2004
Most valuable member for dotnetspider site in 2007
HCL SQL Subject Matter expert (SME - SQL Server) for the year (2008,2009)
HCL Special contribution award winner on Dotnet skills for year(2008) HCL SQL
Knowledge Champion for the year 2009
Mind Cracker MVP on SQLServer –2010 for the year 2010,2011
INETA champion - Gold Member – 2010 for the year 2010 HCL Service
Contribution Award for the year 2010
Leading Lights "Rising Star" award from Common Wealth Bank, Australia for the
year 2010
TECHNICAL CERTIFICATION
Cisco certified Network Associate (CCNA) – 2004
Microsoft Certified Application Developer (MCAD) – 2005
4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank my family members for their support and encouragement.
Without their support it would be impossible for me to publish this e-book. I would
also like to thank my KaaShiv InfoTech team for their support to publish this e-
book.
DISCLAIMER
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be copied, adapted, abridged or
stored in any retrieval system, computer system, photographic or other system or
transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of
the copyright holders. Any breach will entail legal action and permission without
further notice.
5. 1. What is the difference between UNION and UNION ALL?
UNION The UNION command is used to select related information from two
tables, much like the JOIN command. However, when using the UNION
command all selected columns need to be of the same data type. With UNION,
only distinct values are selected.
UNION ALL The UNION ALL command is equal to the UNION command,
except that UNION ALL selects all values.
The difference between Union and Union all is that Union all will not eliminate
duplicate rows, instead it just pulls all rows from all tables fitting your query
specifics and combines them into a table.
2. What is B-Tree?
The database server uses a B-tree structure to organize index information. B-
Tree generally has following types of index pages or nodes:
root node: A root node contains node pointers to branch nodes which can be
only one.
branch node: A branch node contains pointers to leaf nodes or other branch
nodes which can be two or more.
6. leaf nodes: A leaf node contains index items and horizontal pointers to other
leaf nodes which can be many.
3. What is the difference between lock, block and deadlock?
Lock: DB engine locks the rows/page/table to access the data which is worked
upon according to the query.
Block: When one process blocks the resources of another process then blocking
happens.
Blocking can be identified by using
SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_requests where blocked <> 0
SELECT * FROM master..sysprocesses where blocked <> 0
Deadlock: When something happens as follows: Error 1205 is reported by SQL
Server for deadlock.
4.What is the meaning of lock escalation and why/how to stop this?
When the DB engine would try to lock page first and then it escalates locks to
page and then table. If we understand that whole table would be locked for the
processing thenn this is better to use TABLOCK hint and get complete table
blocked. This is a nice way to avoid the wastage of sql server DB engine
processing for lock escalation. Somewhere you may also need to use
TABLOCKX when you want an exclusive lock on the table in the query.
7. 5. How to truncate the log in sql server 2008?
BACKUP LOG TestDB WITH TRUNCATE_ONLY is gone. SQL server doesn’t
allow you to truncate the log now otherwise whole purpose of a DB is defeated.
6. What changes in the front end code is needed if mirroring is
implemented for the high availability?
You need to add only FAILOVER PARTNER information in your front end code.
“Data Source=ServerA;Failover Partner=ServerB;Initial
Catalog=AdventureWorks;Integrated Security=True;”.
7. Where does the copy job runs in the logshipping… Primary or
secondary?
Secondary server. This question is basically asked to find out whether you have
a handson work on logshipping or not. I came through many cases when
candidates have mentioned logshipping experience in many projects and they
can’t answer this question. I never selected any candidate if he/she don’t
answer these kind of small questions.
8. 8. What are the ways to find what code is running for any spid?
Well there are many ways to do this.
1. find the spid which you want to analyze. An spid is assigned as soon as a
client connection is established with the SQL server. To find the spid you can
run any of the following command:
a) SP_WHO2 ‘ACTIVE’ — This will give you only active spids.
b) SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_requests
2. Get the spid from above two queries and use any of the following query to get
what is happening behind that spid.
a) dbcc inputbuffer(<spid>)
b) sql2005 and sql2008 – SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(<sqlhandle of
that spid>)
c) sql2005 and sql2008 – SELECT * FROM fn_get_sql(<sqlhandle of that spid>)
9. 9. When you get following error? Error 3154: The backup set holds
a backup of a database other than the existing database.
The error comes when you are trying to restore the DB which already exists.
Use WITH REPLACE option to restore the DB with a different name.
10. Does DBCC CHECKDB requires DB to be in SINGLE_USER
mode?
Yes and No. This is tricky question. If you are using repair option with
CHECKDB then you have to have the DB in single user mode. Following is the
method to have your DB in a single user mode.
Use master
go
sp_dboption dbname, single, true
Following is the error which you get when you run the DBCC CHECKDB with
repair option wo having the DB in single user mode.
10. 11. How to view the error log for any specific instance?
There are many ways but I prefer following method. Take a scenario when you
want to find the error log when the DB was put in a single user mode.
CREATE TABLE #Errorlog (Logdate Datetime, Processinfo VARCHAR(20),Text
VARCHAR(2000))
INSERT INTO #Errorlog
EXEC xp_readerrorlog
SELECT * FROM #Errorlog
WHERE Text Like ‘%SINGLE%USER%’
12. What does the NOLOCK query hint do?
Table hints allow you to override the default behavior of the query optimizer for
statements. They are specified in the FROM clause of the statement. While
overriding the query optimizer is not always suggested, it can be useful when
many users or processes are touching data.
11. The NOLOCK query hint is a good example because it allows you to read data
regardless of who else is working with the data; that is, it allows a dirty read of
data -- you read data no matter if other users are manipulating it. A hint like
NOLOCK increases concurrency with large data stores.
SELECT * FROM table_name (NOLOCK)
13. What are the new features in SQL Server 2005 when compared
to SQL Server 2000?
There are quite a lot of changes and enhancements in SQL Server 2005. Few of
them are listed here :
Database Partitioning
Dynamic Management Views
System Catalog Views
Resource Database
Database Snapshots
SQL Server Integration Services
Support for Analysis Services on a a Failover Cluster.
Profiler being able to trace the MDX queries of the Analysis Server.
12. Peer-toPeer Replication
Database Mirroring
14. What are the High-Availability solutions in SQL Server
and differentiate them briefly.
Failover Clustering, Database Mirroring, Log Shipping and Replication are the
High-Availability features available in SQL Server.
15. How do you troubleshoot errors in a SQL Server Agent Job?
Inside SSMS, in Object explorer under SQL Server Agent look for Job Activity
Monitor. The job activity monitor displays the current status of all the jobs on the
instance. Choose the particular job which failed, right click and choose
view history from the drop down menu. The execution history of the job is
displayed and you may choose the execution time (if the job failed multiple times
during the same day). There would information such as the time it took to
execute that Job and details about the error occurred.
13. KaaShiv InfoTech Offers Best Inpant Training in Chennai.
The training at KAASHIV INFOTECH focus on developing the
technical oriented concepts that turn graduates into employable assets. Handled only by
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Day 5 Matlab (Capture Image,Processing, Animate Images-Practical Demos)
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18. Address:
KAASHIV INFO TECH
Shivanantha Building,
X41, 5th Floor,2nd Avenue,
(Near Ayyappan Temple)
Anna Nagar, Chennai = 600040.
Send Us Your Request Email To arun@kaashivinfotech.com,
kaashiv.info@gmail.com,
venkat@kaashivinfotech.com
Contact Number : 9840678906 ;; 9003718877 ;; 9962345637 ;
Visit our other websites:
http://inplanttrainingchennai.com/ - Inplant Training Portal
http://inplanttrainingchennai.com/ - Internship Portal
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