Rural Development

1. RURAL DEVELOPMENT

2. INTRODUCTION
Rural development is the process of improving the quality of life and
economic well-being of people living in relatively isolated and sparsely
populated areas. Rural development has traditionally centered on the
exploitation of land-intensive natural resources such as agriculture and
forestry.

3. QUESTION : 1
• While we have international fully air
conditioned schools in our cities, the schools
in villages still don’t have benches and chairs,
leave alone computers. We have a huge
shortage of teachers in rural areas, and the
school drop out rate is huge.
WHY RURAL AREAS LAG BEHIND CITIES BY
DECADES?

4. The Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (AH&D) -
now renamed as Department of Animal Husbandry Dairying &
Fisheries (DADF) is one of the Departments in the Ministry of
Agriculture and came into existence on 1st February, 1991, by
converting two divisions of the Department of Agriculture and
Cooperation namely Animal Husbandry and Dairy Development
into a separate Department. The Fisheries Division of the
Department of Agriculture and Cooperation and a part of the
Ministry of Food Processing Industries were later transferred to
this Department.
Of Pigs Of Chickens Of Cows
Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture , which is
concerned with the breeding , rearing and caring for farm
animals.
Animal Husbandry And Dairying

5. QUESTION : 2
• In cities, we have wide roads, flyovers and
underpasses while many villages still don’t
have proper roads. Urban-rural road links can
play a vital role in rural growth.
WHY RURAL AREAS LAG BEHIND CITIES IN
GROWTH ?

6. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
• Information technology (IT) is the application of computers
and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve,
transmit and manipulate data, often in the context of a
business or other enterprise.
Information technology in India is an industry consisting of two major components: IT
Services and business process outsourcing (BPO). The sector has increased its
contribution to India's GDP from 1.2% in 1998 to 7.5% in 2012. According to NASSCOM ,
the sector aggregated revenues of US$100 billion in 2012, where export and domestic
revenue stood at US$69.1 billion and US$31.7 billion respectively, growing by over 9%.

7. FISHERIES
A Fishery is an entity engaged in raising or harvesting fish which is determined by some
authority to be a fishery. According to the FAO, a fishery is typically defined in terms of the
"people involved, species or type of fish, area of water or seabed, method of fishing, class
of boats, purpose of the activities or a combination of the foregoing features". The
definition often includes a combination of fish and fishers in a region, the latter fishing for
similar species with similar gear types.

8. QUESTION : 3
• Employment opportunities are hardly there
in villages which forces youth to move to
cities creating imbalance in the ecosystem and
leaving the villages deprived.
WHY LACK OF OPPORTUNITY IN RURAL AREA ?

9. HORTICULTURE
Horticulture is the branch of
agriculture that deals with the art,
science, technology, and business of
plant cultivation. It includes the
cultivation of fruits, vegetables, nuts,
seeds, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms,
algae, flowers, seaweeds and non-
food crops such as grass and
ornamental trees and plants.

10. Rural credit is any type of lending program or line of credit that is aimed at impacting a
rural population in some manner. There are banks and cooperatives that specialize in
extending this type of credit to farmers and others engaged in the agricultural task.
Depending on the nature of the organization, credit plans may focus on
providing mortgage assistance, securing new equipment, or even funds to support
research into various aspects of land development within a rural community.

11. Sources of Rural Trade Credit(1) Non-institutional sources of credit.
The major non-institutional sources of farm credit are money-lenders, friends, relatives, landlords,
shopkeepers and commission agents. Before 1947, the money lenders mostly non-Muslims were the main
suppliers of loans to the farmers. After Partition however their importance has decreased to a great extent
and the short term credit needs of the farmers are met from commission agent and relatives which supply
roughly 50% of total rural borrowings.
(2) Institutional sources of credit.
The major institutional sources of farm credit are ZTBL, Commercial Banks, Cooperative Credit and Taccavi
Loans.
(1) The Zarai Taraqiate Bank Limited (ZTBL) formerly known as Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan
(ADBP).
(2) Commercial Banks.

12. Evalution of the Rural Credit System in India
Rural financial market development is a complex process. The
creation of the formal credit structure for financial agriculture
and other rural activities commenced in India in the early part
of this century with the introduction of co-operatives. It
received a big push during the plan era. The All India Rural
Credit Survey Committee (AIRCS) 1954, forms the edifice for
the policy towards the development of the Institutional credit
structures. The committee highlighted the awful inadequacy
in the supply of institutional credit to the rural sector and
proposed an integrated scheme of reorganization many more
committees and recommendations. Priority sector lending,
lead bank scheme, services area approach, setting up of
NABARD, are some of the outcomes of the repeated scrutiny
of the system.

13. ORGANIC FARMING
• Organic farming is a form of agriculture that relies on techniques such
as crop rotation, green manure, compost, and biological pest control.
Depending on whose definition is used, organic farming uses fertilizers
and pesticides (which include herbicides, insecticides and fungicides) if
they are considered natural (such as bone meal from animals
or pyrethrin from flowers), but it excludes or strictly limits the use of
various methods (including synthetic petrochemical fertilizers
and pesticides; plant growth regulators such as hormones; antibiotic
use in livestock; genetically modified organisms; human sewage sludge;
and nonmaterial's.) for reasons
including sustainability, openness, independence, health, and safety.

14. AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SYSTEM
• Agricultural marketing system Service (AMS) is responsible for developing quality
grade standards for agricultural commodities, marketing .
• For more than 90 years, AMS has provided current, unbiased price and sales
information to assist in the orderly marketing and distribution of farm
commodities.
• (AMS) mission is to Improve marketing opportunities for small and midsized
producers through the combination of applied research, technical services.
• Their aim is to provide fresh and healthy food to people For their healthy life
Agricultural marketing can be defined as the performance of all business
activities included in the flow of products from the beginning
ofagricultural production until they are in the hands of consumers—“from the
farm to the fork.”

15.  India lives in villages. (70% Population are in villages)
 56% of population gets only 17% share in GDP.
(The sectoral GDP represents 17% share of primary sector
and on the contrary 56% of population is engaged in
agriculture.)
 There is unequal distribution of national income.
Solutions
 Rural Developments Plans
 Facilitates Cities and Villages equally
 Provides the Needs. Like,
 Proper Land Reforms
 Rural credit
 Electrification, Etc……
CONCLUSION