This document provides evidence for evolution from several areas:
1. Comparative anatomy shows homologous and analogous structures provide evidence of common descent. Vestigial structures also support evolution.
2. Biogeographic and biochemical evidence like identical genetic codes and similar amino acid sequences in organisms indicate a common ancestor. Vestigial genes also accumulate mutations over time.
3. Embryological evidence like identical early embryo structures that later specialize and branchial arches also reflect evolution from common ancestors.
4. The fossil record shows early life was simpler and transitional fossils provide evidence of gradual changes connecting species over time.
4. SUMMARAZING
Structures in different species having
the same appearance or function
Structures derived from a common
ancestor with different function
9. BIOCHEMICAL EVIDENCES
1. The GENETIC CODE is the same in almost all
organisms.
Over the ages, the genetic code has passed
unchanged (or nearly so) from parent to
offspring.
The similarity shows a probable
common ancestor for all life on
Earth.
12. BIOCHEMICAL EVIDENCES
3. Vestigial Genes (prediction)
Linked to regulation of genes expresion.
* Genes that have lost their protein-coding ability or are otherwise no longer
expressed in the cell
Ex. GLO (Vitamin C from glucose)
Primate, bats fruit eater and guinea pig.
Accumulation of multiple mutations
30.000 genes 2.000 pseudogenes*
Retrovirus DNA
Sense of smell, olfactory receptor (1.000 vs. 400/800) Rats, people,
dolphins,
13. EMBRYOLOGYCAL EVIDENCES
1. Serial structures
(e.g., segments,
limbs) are usually
identical in the
embryo, but
specialized and
diverged in the
adult.
Haeckel's diagrams
Phylogenesis is the mechanical
cause of ontogenesis
17. SPECIATION
Factors that contribute to
speciation:
• Allopatric speciation
• Peripatric speciation
• Parapatric speciation
• Sympatric speciation
18. REFERENCES
CHARLES DARWIN & EVOLUTION by Christ's College, Cambridge
http://darwin200.christs.cam.ac.uk/pages/
DARWIN EL PADRE DE LA EVOLUCIÓN en el diario El Mundo
http://www.elmundo.es/especiales/2009/02/ciencia/darwin/
STATED CLEARLY Youtube channel
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_cznB5YZZmvAmeq7Y3EriQ
• What is Evolution?
• What is Natural Selection?
• What is the Evidence for Evolution?