this was my logistics unit 2 IA

1. Caribbean advance Proficiency Examination
Logistics and Supply Chain Management Unit 2
Internal Assessment
Name: Joshua brown
School: St Andrew Technical High School
Centre Number: 1001030
Candidate Number: 1001030149
Territory: Jamaica
Teacher:Mr. D Jackson
Year of Examination: 2017

2. Acknowledgment
The completion of this IA would not have been successful without the help of my lord
and savior Jesus Christ. In addition I would like to extend my gratitude to my teacher Mr. brown,
Mr. D Jackson and all so the staff at the Kingston Wharves Limited for assisting me with
gathering information to complete this IA.

3. Table of content
INTRODUCTION___________________________________________________________1
PROFILE OF LOCAL PORT__________________________________________________2
REVIEW OF OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS_______________________________________3
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MODELED PORT______________________________4
IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF PROBLEM___________________________5
PLAN OF ACTION__________________________________________________________6
RECOMMENDATIONS______________________________________________________7
BIBLOGRAPHY____________________________________________________________8

4. Introduction
According to an article posted on coloradotech.edu by the Council of Supply Chain
Management Professionals (CSCMP), logistics is defined as the efficiently planning,
implementing, and controlling procedures for the effective transportation and storage of goods.
This profile seeks compare the operational systems between a “Developed Port” vs. that of a
“Developing Port”. Examining the negative effects of port operational activities as it pertains to
ship sludge disposal, which has been contributing to an excessive amount of Marine pollution
within Kingston Wharves Limited. There has been an increased amount of ships being docked in
Kingston Wharves Limited over the past decade which has lead to need for effective ship waste
disposal system to prevent them from discharging waste into the harbor. This project entails a
profile of Kingston Wharves Limited, a comparative analysis between the port of Singapore and
Kingston Wharves Limited; a review of the ports operational systems, an assessment of the
problem identified, a plan of action to correct or reduce the problem identified and
recommendations necessary to make the port more efficient.
.

5. Profile of port of a local port
Kingston wharves
The Kingston Wharves Limited (KWL) is a publicly traded multipurpose port that was
found in October of 1945 which housed only four piers at the time and was located at downtown
Kingston. In the late 1940s, (KWL) were conciliated into two separate entities (KWL) and
Western Terminal Limited (WTL). By the early 1950s the need for additional storage had
become savoir which lead to the relocation of Kingston Wharves Limited to the Hunts Bay area
in the Western Harbor. In addition, (KWL) was listed in Jamaica’s Stock Exchange market on
September 26, 1995. Today Kingston Wharves Limited has become one of the leading
multipurpose terminals operators in the Caribbean, serving the region and the world with a suite
of customizable services. Their mission is to become the Caribbean’s foremost player in
maritime and logistics. The company mainly partakes in the shipment of multipurpose cargo and
other logistics services such as cruises and warehousing. The port is currently in a partnership
between the government and private sector companies which has shares between Jamaica
Producers and National Commercial Bank.

6. Review of operational systems
Kingston wharves limited operation as a multipurpose terminal, the port side operations
that Kingston wharves carries out are, the shipment of goods and warehousing. This port has 5
mobile cranes, 16 reach stackers and 1 top loader which are used to load and off-load cargo.
Other port side operation include warehousing in which the company has 21,225 square meters
of on-dock storage with an additional 20,000 square meters of off-dock storage.
As it concerns cargo handling the port has 14 trucks which are used to transport cargo
safely the one of the six deep water berths warehouses. The port also has a system in place where
cargo is sometimes transported directly to the consignee. When it comes on to documentation
Kingston wharves limited aims to make documentation easier by using a database in which ship
cargo information is stored at a central point. Currently the port uses the Rf-tag system which
aids in the efficiency of locating cargo on the dock
The use of technological capabilities of Kingston Wharves has grown over the years;
with the implementation of new cranes such as the 5 new mobile cranes and two new gantry
cranes which has increased productivity by 45%. The port has also integrated better storage
facilities which are two additional warehouse berths 5 and 6 which have increased the time it
takes for cargo can to be sorted out and distributed.

7. Comparative Analysis
Kingston Wharves Limited is developing ports which have improved somewhat over the
years. A developed port such as the Port of Singapore which has two main port side operations
such as the transshipment of good, in which they have 190 quay cranes which are able to move
two containers per move, compared (KWL) one container per move. The port of Singapore also
has 17 computer operated trucks which are more efficient in the transportation of goods as
compare to (KWL) 14 trucks which are self reliant on the efficiency of the drivers.
Port Singapore cargo handling system is way advanced than that of (KWL). Port
Singapore has 32 berths warehouses on-dock and off-dock with each spreads over 5.6 km each,
compared to (KWL) limited storage space of 6 berths and limited off-dock storage. Port of
Singapore also has a terminal for cruise ships. Such cruise lines that home port there
include Princess Cruises, Royal Caribbean, Holland America Line, and more. Mean while
(KWL) which does not have the adequate infrastructure to accommodate cruise ships.
The port of Singapore documentation system is fully computerized in which all
transaction is done electronically, they have additional systems in place where goods and cargo
services are tract and recorded on an advance database. (KWL) uses the sane database system but
it is not as advanced as Singapore’s.
The technological capabilities of the port of Singapore have grown over the years. They
have implemented new post-Panamax cranes to increase efficiently. In addition they have
expanded their systems to promote more technological implementations in transaction and
security. (KWL) has limited amount of technological implementations as they are limited space
and resources.

8. Assessment of the problem
The impact of port operational activates has always been an issue as it directly affects the
marine environment of a port. However where Kingston Wharves is concerned, the discharge of
sludge from ships within Kingston Wharves has recently become a serious issue, ships usually
dock and discharge ship sludge into waste disposal trucks issued by the National Environmental
Protection Agency (NEPA). However these trucks tend to spill sludge which leaches directly in
the water thus contributing to marine contamination.
Ship owners have been complaining that it is difficult to dock and discharge sludge into
trucks due to amount of sludge being discharged, in addition it is time consuming. This problem
is mainly caused by inadequate ship waste disposal systems that have been set dispose of ship
sludge.
The extent to which this problem impacts the company is as follows:
 Decrease in productivity- This is a result of Crane handlers are moving at a slower paste
because they have to be waiting on trucks to finish collecting ship waste, to avoid
damaging while moving.
 Disruption of work flow- This is where other persons are shifted from their task to assist
with waste disposal cleanup, thus slacking in their original task
 Excessive spending- This is due the excessive amount of money that is going to be spend
cleaning ship waste discharge.
Figure showing ship sludge disposal

9. Plan of action
The objective here is to incorporate a system in which ship waste will be collected before
they enter the port and a fee will be charged to add additional revenue to the company. It can
thereby be said that after analyzing the problem concerning ship sludge disposal, many solutions
can be incorporated to reduce the chances of unlawful ship sludge being discharged in Kingston
Wharves. One solution is to deploy more security patrol boats which cost approximately 2.5
million dollars, this would aid in the prevention of ships disposing sludge in the habour. It would
be very cost effective in that ships that are caught would be charged. Another solution is to
Invest in a sludge treatment facility which can be used to store and treat ship sludge; in addition
the construction of this facility would pose as excellent source of revenue due to the fact that
ship owners would have to pay to use the facility. The facility would cost approximately 5,154.4
million dollars for its construction and takes about 5 years to complete. Another solution is invest
in four (4) MARPOL waste collector vessels which are vessel that sails upon request by the
captain of the ship, directly to it and takes the ships sludge and dispose of it properly. These
vessels would cost approximately 9.5 million dollars in total; in addition these vessels would
bring in an annual income of approximately 2.1 million dollars per year. Majority of the funds
required to undertake these solutions could be borrowed from the International Development
Bank with and return percentage of 12%.

10. Recommendations
The recommend and cost effective approach that Kingston Wharves Limited should
undertake as it relates to the ships disposing sludge in the habour is to invest in MARPOL waste
collectors. These would pose cost effective in that due to the contract between the MARPOL
73/78 conventions which is the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution
from Ships into harbours and the marine environment. The cost one MARPOL waste collector
vessel would cost approximately 2.5 million dollars under the Marine pollution (MARPOL); this
money can be borrowed from the international development bank or source from privet sectors.
In addition a proposal can be made the NEPA requesting the money to buy four of these vessels.
But the question is, if it’s realistic? Currently NEPA is trying to acquire at least two of these
vessels as of 2014 which resulted from the accidental discharge of sludge from a china liner ship
which contaminated the habour. So if Kingston Wharves Limited is to invest their money in such
a vessel it would not only be effective in lowering the chances of ship sludge disposal in the
waters, but it would also bring in revenue because ships would be charged to use these vessels as
a mean of waste disposal. The sustainability of these vessels would be great in that these vessels
require minimal maintenance and are resistant to wear and tear. In implementing this solution it
would reduce the need to carry out cleaning activities on the marine environment.
MARPOL waste collector vessel. Operation of vessel.

11. Bibliography
company Author Site Date
published
Date
checked
Kingston
Wharves
Limited
Valrie
Campbell
Operations
Manager,
Receival &
Delivery
www.kingstonwharves.com.jm/about-
us/who-we-are/
17/02/2008 20/02/2017
Ship and
bunker
limited
Kaivan h.
chinoy
Petro
inspector
https://shipandbunker.com/news/features/bu
nker-quality-quantity/672731-why-you-
might-be-losing-millions-on-sludge-
disposal-and-how-you-can-prevent-it
13/03/2016 21/02/2017
Mavideniz
limited
Unknown https://mavideniz.com.tr/our-
production/marine-vessels/marpol-waste-
collection-vessel/
12/6/2001 1/03/2017
National
Environme
ntal
Protection
Agency
(NEPA)
unknown http://nepa.gov.jm/kingston%20harbour/ht
ml/Sewage.htm
3/4/2006 1/03/2017
Jamaica
word press
limited
Mr. Kevin
douglas
Reporter
https://environewsjamaica.wordpress.com/2
010/12/05/marine-pollution-in-jamaica-
kingston-harbour/
13/11/2012 1/03/2017
Port of
Singapore
unknown http://www.mpa.gov.sg/web/portal/home/po
rt-of-singapore/
7/09/2004 1/03/2017
Port of
Singapore
unknown http://www.mpa.gov.sg/web/portal/home/po
rt-of-singapore/info
Last
updated
1/3/2016
1/03/2017