ONLINE MOMBASA COUNTY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ONLINE MOMBASA COUNTY FOOTBALL MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEM
“A CASE STUDY OF MOMBASA COUNTY”
MWAKIO JOSEPH MWAFWAIDA
IT System Project Proposal Submitted To The Faculty Of Information
TechnologyIn Partial Fulfilment Of The Requirement For The Award Of The
Diploma In Information Technology At Jomo Kenyatta University Of
Agriculture And Technology
OCTOBER 2016

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DECLARATION
This project as presented is my original work and has not been presented for any other university award.
MWAKIO JOSEPH MWAFWAIDA
SCT 121-C005-1490/2015
Signature ……………………… Date ……………………….
This research proposal has been submitted for examination with my approval as the candidate’s
University supervisor.
GABRIEL MUCHANGI
Signature …………………. Date ………………………

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, I would like to thank the Almighty Lord for bringing me this far with this project and
giving me the ability to accomplish my goal. I would like to thank Him for providing me with the
opportunity to do this project and for making it a success.
I would like to thank Mr. Gabriel Muchaghi for his supervision, guidance, significant comments and valuable
criticism that enabled me to develop the quality of my thesis.
I will always owe a great deal of gratitude toward my parents. Without the support and motivation provided by
them life in graduate school would have been mundane. Their presence, patience, and emotional support made this
thesis a success.
Lastly, I am grateful of my classmates for collecting information, reading my thesis, correcting my grammar and
offering valuable advices.

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DEDICATION
I dedicate this project to God Almighty my creator, my strong pillar, my source of inspiration, wisdom,
knowledge and understanding. He has been the source of my strength throughout this thesis and on His
wings, only have I soared. A special feeling of gratitude to my loving parents; Mr. & Mrs. Roman M
Mwakio who have encouraged me all the way and whose words of encouragement and push for tenacity
ring in my ears and encouragement has made sure that I give it all it takes to finish that which I have
started. To my loving aunt Mrs. Sophia M. Khamis, who have been affected in every way possible by
this quest. My sisters Charity and Sophie have never left my side and are very special. I must
acknowledge as well the many friends, colleagues, students, teachers, archivists, and other librarians who
assisted, advised, and supported my research and writing efforts. Especially, I need to express my
gratitude and deep appreciation to Osano Herald and Mwakoti John whose friendship, hospitality,
knowledge, and wisdom have supported, enlightened, entertained and for helping me develop my
technology skills. They have consistently helped me keep perspective on what is important in life and
shown me how to deal with reality. Thank you.
My love for you all can never be quantified.
God, bless you.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
DECLARATION .......................................................................................................... i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................... ii
DEDICATION............................................................................................................ iii
LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................................vii
LIST OF FIGURES...................................................................................................viii
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................ix
ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.......................................................................... 1
1.1 Problem Background ................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Problem Statement ...................................................................................................................................3
1.3 Proposed Solution ....................................................................................................................................4
1.4 Objectives of the Project...........................................................................................................................5
1.4.1 General Objective ............................................................................................................................5
1.4.2 Specific Objectives ..........................................................................................................................5
1.4.3 Research questions ...........................................................................................................................5
1.5 Significance of the Project........................................................................................................................5
1.6Methodology.............................................................................................................................................6
1.7Project Time Plan......................................................................................................................................6
1.8Resources.................................................................................................................................................7
1.9Budget and Budget Justification .................................................................................................................7
1.10Project monitoring and Evaluation............................................................................................................7
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW.............................................................. 8
2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................8
2.2Problem Domain .......................................................................................................................................8
2.2.1 Theoretical Review/ Conceptual Framework......................................................................................8
2.2.2 Target Population...........................................................................................................................10
2.2.3Data Collection...............................................................................................................................11
2.2.4 Questionnaire.................................................................................................................................11
2.2.6The disadvantages of Questionnaires: -.............................................................................................11

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2.2.7 Interview .......................................................................................................................................12
2.3 Review of Existing and Similar System ...................................................................................................12
2.3.1 Data Processing .............................................................................................................................12
2.3.2System Capabilities.........................................................................................................................13
2.3.3Working of the present system.........................................................................................................13
2.3.4Disadvantages of Present Working System .......................................................................................13
2.3.5Proposed System.............................................................................................................................13
2.3.6 Constraints of the proposed system..................................................................................................14
2.3.7 Assumptions to the new proposed system........................................................................................14
2.4 Feasibility Study ....................................................................................................................................14
2.4.1 Operational Feasibility ...................................................................................................................14
2.4.2 Technical Feasibility ......................................................................................................................15
2.4.3 Economic Feasibility......................................................................................................................15
2.4.4: Social Feasibility...........................................................................................................................15
2.4.5: Legal feasibility ............................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN ..................................... 17
3.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................17
3.2 Methodology..........................................................................................................................................17
3.2.1 Purpose of the methodology............................................................................................................17
3.2.2 Structure of Life-Cycle Model ........................................................................................................17
3.2.3 Scope of the methodology...............................................................................................................18
3.2.4 Description of the methodology ......................................................................................................18
3.2.5 Reasons for using SSADM .............................................................................................................18
3.2.6 System Analysis............................................................................................................................19
3.2.7 Aim of system Analysis..................................................................................................................19
3.2.8 System Design...............................................................................................................................20
3.2.9 Operation of the current system.......................................................................................................20
3.3Requirements Specification......................................................................................................................20
3.1: Software Requirements ....................................................................................................................20
3.2 Hardware Requirement......................................................................................................................21
3.3 Other Requirement............................................................................................................................22
3.4Operation of the current system..........................................................................................................22
3.4.1 Process diagram showing the procedure or order of data collection and processing. ............................23

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Figure 3.1 Process showing the procedure or order of data collection and processing. .................................23
3.4.2 Registration flow chart...................................................................................................................24
Figure3.2Registration flow chart .............................................................................................................24
3.4.3 Login flowchart .............................................................................................................................25
Figure3.3 Login flowchart.......................................................................................................................25
3.4.4 Entity Relationship Diagram...........................................................................................................25
3.5 Normalization ........................................................................................................................................26
3.5.1 Database Tables ..................................................................................................................................26
3.5.2 Login Table ...................................................................................................................................26
Table: 3.2 Login Table............................................................................................................................26
3.5.3 Registration Table..........................................................................................................................27
Table: 3.3 Registration Table ........................................................................................................................27
3.6 Application of the System.......................................................................................................................27
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................27
APPENDICES............................................................................................................ 28
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................... 30

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1…………………………………………………………………………….………………………………6
Table 1.2…………………………………………………………………………….…………………………….…7
Table 3.1………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....26
Table 3.2…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….27

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure3.1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..23
Figure3.2……………………………………………………………………………………….………..……….. 24
Figure3.3 ………………………………………………………………………………………………...…….…3.2

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ABSTRACT
The study analyses that how information systems facilitate football clubs. To fulfil these purposes this
study adopts a design strategy which contains theoretical and empirical parts. It gives a way how to
operate and improve works to solve and avoid problems in various sectors in order to facilitate football
clubs. This study chooses a suitable information system development methodology and designs a general
football club information system model. In the empirical study a questionnaire survey is made to check
and complete a general football club information system model. This study proves that information
systems can facilitate football clubs in business processes and operations, internal communication and
decision-making; furthermore, it supports football club business strategies and helps establish a powerful
human resource management project.
The designing of the system depends on the methodology that will be used to develop the system
according to its specific functions. The methodologies will be user friendly for easy interpretation. Some
of the requirements included may not have been described by the developers. The system analysis and
design of the whole system should be developed from the data tables and system requirement and
specifications. The DFD and E-R diagrams will explain in detail how the system works.

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ACRONYMS
MC Mombasa County
Ms Microsoft
ICT Information Communication Technology
UML Unifying Modelling Language
HTML Hypertext Mark-up Language
PHP Hypertext Pre-processor
SQL Structured Query Language
SSADM Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method
SDLC System Development Life Cycle
CRM Customer Relationship Management
DFD Data Flow Diagrams
RTLS Real-Time Location Systems
ETHICS Effective Technical and Human Implementation of Computer-based Systems

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CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION
1.1 Problem Background
From the appearance of human language until the universal application of computer, mankind never
stopped improving information technology. From the middle of last century people started
associating information technology with computers. Nowadays, computers, data centers, servers,
database management systems and specialized software applications are managed by information
technology departments, systems and databases administrators. Information technology supports
modern businesses and becomes an important part of life (Alliance, 2011).
An information system is regarded as a combination of information technology and human activities.
It supports people in many fields such as operation, management and decision making. Usually
information systems are categorized in three parts: Management Information System, Decision
Support System and Executive Information System (James, 2000).
Following the evolution of information technology, various information systems, such as data
warehouses, enterprise resource planning and enterprise systems, expert systems, geographic
information systems, global information systems and office automations have been emerged in the
business world. Bill Gates (1999) said information system is the ―digital nervous system of
business. This means information system has an important role in modern business.
As Bill Gates mentioned, business information system is a discipline with its mission to study the use
of information system for business purposes. The research and application of business information
system have become a meaningful issue, which involved many industries such as Manufacturing,
Building, Transportation, Storage, Post, Finance, Wholesale and retail trade, Real estate,
Accommodation and Catering, Services, Education, Health, social security and social welfare,
Culture, Sports and Entertainment. Football, as the most famous sport in the world and a new
emerging industry, has an immeasurable impact on human life. For example, the World Cup 2014 in
Brazil captivated 3,359,439 spectators, who watched matches in 12 magnificent stadiums.
Furthermore, an estimated worldwide audience was more than 3 billion. 32 teams from all over the
world brought 64 matches and a 147-goal show (FIFA1, 2014). Meanwhile, World Cup 2014
influenced a hotel, retail and general consumption, which significantly increased during the

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championship. During and after this event, trillions of information and data were collected, stored,
retrieved, distributed, compared and analysed such as schedule planning, choosing a place for 64
matches, a composite 12 stadiums arranging, tickets selling to 3,359,439 spectators, hotels pointing
for teams from 32 countries, TV agreements signing, matches results recording, player’s data
counting, referees choosing, bonus setting, sponsors activities, etc.
There are 326,527 football clubs officially registered all over the world in FIFA (FIFA, 2011). Two
hundred and sixty-five million male and female players in addition to five million referees and
officials make a grand total of two hundred seventy million people are actively involved in the game
of football. The number of people is a four percent of the world's population (FIFA, 2011).
Generally, football clubs contain several teams and are responsible for their management. In England
top clubs have at least three teams to attend various leagues at different levels: first team mainly plays
in Premier league, The Football Association Challenge cup, Community Shield competition,
European league; reserve team attends Barclays Premier Reserve League; youth team plays in
Academy league and Youth cup. In Spain first teams of each football club attend Spanish league,
Spanish cup and European league; B teams play in B-level league; youth teams also play in Youth
cup. In Italy football clubs have more youth competitions than clubs from the other two countries.
A football club is consisted by many organizations, which can be categorized in finance, marketing,
public relations, and service, medical, soccer, human resource, fans association sectors and so on. The
targeted scope of each sector is large; their administration is more complex than other sports clubs. A
profit of football club per year is incredible, for example, one of the richest worldwide football clubs
from England - Manchester United`s revenue in 2010 reached 156 million pounds (Stretchy, 2011).
Undoubtedly, administrating of 156 million pounds every year is a complex task for the finance
department. Most famous football clubs, as known, have a history of almost one century, much
longer than the biggest company in the world– Wal-Mart, which was founded in 1962 (Anon., 2008).
For example, Real Madrid, which was formed in 1897 in Madrid, has more than 450 million fans
worldwide (Real Madrid Club, 2011). Real Madrid club obviously has to consider different payment
patterns in each country according to various situations and relevant online payment policies for its
official online shops. For football clubs, establishing an overseas fans association to get supports
from club’s worldwide fans is a sensible choice to improve influence. Football club singularity has
been proven; football industry has confirmed its great influential position in human daily life.

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Information system application in football clubs should be regarded as an important subject of
business information.
Mombasa County Football League Management System is a system that will be used to manage
football competition which using league system during the tournament basically the system will be
design to suit the current football tournament held within the County. It will focus on managing all
the important information during the tournament/league season, registration process etc.
Currently most of football organizations are using filing method to store and manage all the
information during the tournament period. This conventional method gives few complications for
staff to handle all those data. Searching a document will cost a long period to be done. The papers
also might get decay if it has been used severally. So, the system that is going to be developed totally
been designed to solve the problems that occur during the current process. Information system
application in football clubs should be regarded as an important subject of business information.
1.2 Problem Statement
I chose dealing with a football Information System because it is the target area in this study because
of their specifications and representation. Different from other clubs such as basketball, volleyball,
and hockey clubs, football clubs have more supporters and influence, more players and staff, more
levels of team management, more intensive competitions, larger organizational structures, etc. More
importantly, football is the most spread and popular sport in all over the world. Its popularity as a
challenging task is considered by two factors: number of fans, who follow this sport, and number of
people, who regularly play football. Professional football clubs work according to different rules and
their club performance is commercialized. Members and fans of a football club are regarded
customers. Therefore, football clubs can be considered as a business company and understood as an
economic sector. For instance, football league human resource management is a huge project. In
practice, football clubs demand for various types of information to maintain daily operations such as
information about competitions, schedules, competitors state, transfer market status, players etc.
Obviously, it is a complex project and a great challenge for football club to integrate, collect, store,
update, retrieve and transform so much specific information. In fact, the research and application of
information system in football clubs and the whole football industry are rare can be considered
laggard. Lack of basic information system models, it is even more impossible to start designing a

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suitable system. On the other hand, without effective information system‘s support, it is obviously a
challenge for managers to operate clubs.
From the findings been made, most organization used filing method to store all the information
during the tournament. This has caused few typical problems due to filing method of storage. Filing
method is hard to be managed these days. Information that store using paper might get decay if it is
being used severally. This may cause the document hard to be read. Searching a document also will
cost a long period to be done. There are also some organizations stored their data in Excel file which
is an improper data management method. It may look systemic but not a proper way to store large
amount of data using Excel files.
So, this study could be interesting and useful in order to check information systems support and
benefit in such a complex organization as a football club, which is a good area to test information
systems abilities in different departments, such as sports, finance and so on. It would give a way to
football club managers how to operate and improve their work in pursuance to solve or avoid some
problems in various sectors.
1.3 ProposedSolution
The proposed system will help in retrieving and analysing of data which is done manually, hence
tiresome to employees. This study is also meant to help football league managers in storing league
data, as it is accurate compared to manual system hence more efficient and secured. The system will
allow the players to browse the system and can view their profile only by using their unique ID.As
earlier system, no more paper work and does not need much man power because it is a web-based
application where all the data goes directly to the database and the admin can easily retrieve the data
according to the choice. Security problem issues are solved by this automated system. The system
will be accessible from anywhere and at any time. So, the players can reach the system very easily
and gets the updated information all the time. The administrator can easily view the reports of the
players just by going through the system which will save his time as the database is centralized now.
The administrator will also now can provide the payrolls to the team and players very easily. The
computer database maintains players and sports apparels records which will be highly beneficial for
the admin.

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1.4 Objectives of the Project
1.4.1 General Objective
The general objective of the project is to develop the Online Mombasa County Football Information
Management System
1.4.2 Specific Objectives
The following specific objectives will guide the study
i. To analyse the proposed Online Mombasa County Football Information Management System.
ii. To design and develop an information system that meets the requirements of Online Mombasa
County Football Information Management System hence employs suitable technologies.
iii. To code the proposed Online Mombasa County Football Information Management System.
iv. To test the proposed system Online Mombasa County Football Information Management
System, sufficiently so that it is deemed stable and secure
1.4.3 Researchquestions
The main question of this study is:
How could information system facilitate football clubs?
To answer this main question, several sub-questions will be analysed:
i. Which areas in football clubs may information systems facilitate?
ii. Which methodology is suitable for football club information system development?
iii. How should a general football club information system model be?
1.5 Significance ofthe Project
The system will give a lot of benefit to the users and in this case, in Mombasa the users might
probably FAM as this association organizes a lot of football competitions in this county. The current
system used could be hard to be maintained and problems usually caused by some human errors. The
system to-be will encounter all those problem occurred as been mention on problem statement.

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1.6Methodology
As per the project management there should be a proper selection of the methodology so on this
contrast I have to select the methodology for the project. Basically, there are two types of
methodology used for the projects, Structured System Analysis and Design Methodology and other is
Object Oriented Methodology. Upon analysing and reviewing the system, I have decided to select
Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method methodology for the development of Project
Management System, because the system is web-based. The method being used in developing the
system is the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) which includes project identification and
selection, project introduction and planning, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance.
1.7Project Time Plan
In project management, a schedule consists of a project's terminal elements with intended dates. A
Gantt chart was created to provide a graphical representation of the proposal schedule on MC Online
Football System to define the start and completion of the proposal.
No. Task Performed Week
1. Initial Planning Week 1
2. Course briefing & proposal development Week 2
3. Preparing proposal Week 3
4. Proposal submission Week 4
5. Proposal approval Week 5
6. Develop chapter 1 (introduction) Week 6
7. Develop chapter 2 (literature review) Week 7
8. Chapter 1 & 2 submission Week 8
9. Develop chapter 3 Week 9
10. Develop chapter 4 Week 10
11. Chapter 3 & 4 submission Week 11
12. Appendix & bibliography Week 12
13. Conclusion Week 13
14. Presentation Week 14
Table 1.1

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1.8Resources
For the project to make a success various resources where used; a computer used for typing and
editing documents. A printer is used for printing the outputs (hardcopy). External storage media such
as flash disks and hard drives are used to enable the backing up of the data and information collected
during the thesis study. Stationery is also a major resource while coming up with a project as the
researcher requires printing papers pens pencils rubber ruler for writing and drafting the proposed
system.
1.9Budgetand Budget Justification
The following items are to be used in order the system to run successfully and efficiently.
Items Amount in Kenya shillings
Travel Kshs 2,000
Laptop Kshs 30,000
software’s Kshs 1,000
External storage media Kshs1,200
stationery Kshs 8,000
Consultant services Kshs200
Other expenses Kshs 1500
TOTAL Kshs 43,900
Table 1.2
1.10Projectmonitoring and Evaluation
The thesis has been presented for advice and assessment to the supervisor for error checking and
marking.

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CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter details the background reading and research that has taken place to allow effective and
informed decisions to be made throughout this project to ensure a successful solution to the user’s
problem is delivered on time, and meets the user’s requirements. The quality of each source used to
form the background reading and research has been taken into account, only those that are deemed to
be valid and from a reputable source have been used. Existing solutions and technologies have been
researched and where plausible have the arguments for and against them explored to allow for an
informed decision to be made regarding the development of the solution and justification also
provided for the chosen technology. Literature has been referenced from University modules,
University Library, journals and research publications some of which are available online.
2.2ProblemDomain
2.2.1 Theoretical Review/ Conceptual Framework
There are a few direct studies about information systems influence on football club business
processes and operations. Dario (2002) analyses diverse information technologies that are used to
provide players with relevant feedback in his research. Advances in the application of information
technology to sport performance. He takes some technology-based feedback application samples
from various sports and makes assumption that feedback would actually enhance player`s skills
performance and evaluations from couches; then he discusses those selected systems from different
perspectives such as vision, audition and proprioception. In designing a database for a football
league: A case study of Thai football league, Trisuwannawat (2010) argues the importance of
database when developers design an information system for a football league. This research is based
on Thai football league for a case study with classified and represented data in categories. Each
category is important in a specific area and stored into beneficial information by analysis tools. They
are divided into three main categories: player and staff profile information, health and physical
information of players, and information of club, association and competition. Moreover, this research
uses entity relation diagram to represent relation between different sub-databases. However, there are
some studies of information systems influence on other industries business processes and operations.
Paul (2009) highlights that information systems help different business enterprises to collect

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transactional data about their own operations, co-operators and competitor’sbehaviour and even
business plans. There is a research about information systems influence on football club decision
making. Richard (1999), in his research Football information services: fanzine, Match of the Day and
the modem, examines character, growth and demand for football information services in England and
Wales. He argues that internet and information technology are set to have a big impact on football
information service and to the market clubs as global brands. There are a few direct studies about
Information systems influence on football club business strategies for competitive advantages. In
Strategic use of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in sports: The Rosenberg case, Furuholt
(2007) shows how the Norwegian football club - RosenbergBallclub uses customers relationship
management as a strategic tool to enhance the relation between club and its fans. Thanos (2009), in
his work a strategy for managing customer relations on the internet: evidence from the football sector,
illustrates the critical role of internet to maintain electronic customer relationship management in
football industry. The study investigates football industries online environment and customer service
methods. The conclusion shows that football web site is very important for the relationship between
clubs and their customers. Football clubs web-design needs to support the main business goal and
contain self-problem solving functions. Shaw (2007) investigates a special coordination method
called network orchestration with the case of Manchester United Football Club in A conceptual
framework for the implementation of enterprise information portals in large organizations study. He
uses business process modelling and theoretical systems concepts to investigate complex horizontal
and vertical relationships between partner firms and then develop a multi-level model of network
operation, sustainability and governance. Some studies, which contain football club’s operation and
organizational structure information, could be valuable as a reference. For example, a Spanish
football club Barcelona, which club's management structure information is contained in a research
Football club Barcelona: Globalization opportunities by Stanford graduate school of business
(Antonio, George and Jaume, 2007). Chris and Lawry (1999) analyse the management structure and
characteristics of football clubs. They argue that there are a few officers at the top and remainder of
the board as a tight-knit strategic team; below the top level there is another group which consists of
managers and coaches to develop strategies to ensure the highest level of performance by a football
team itself; at the bottom of the club there is a support group which consists of physiotherapists,
trainers, fitness, kit, and dietary specialists to enable club‘s basic business to be implemented. Jacco
(2005) challenges the traditional opinion that football club`s success is determined by the

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performance of teams in matches, poor results can cause a spiral of decline in numbers of spectators,
sponsor revenues, media attention, value of players, merchandise sales, and so on. Instead, he re-
identifies football club as a multi-entertainment company with commercial opportunities. Hallgeir
(2009) analyses the organization characteristics of football clubs in Scandinavia. Although all
Scandinavian professional football clubs emerged from voluntary sports clubs, the organization of
their professional football at present has minor different forms which to a large extent follow national
borders. The minor difference mainly exists only in the share hold percentage difference, however,
organisation structure inside football clubs are almost the same. There is no information system
development methodology research related directly with football clubs. However, studies of
information system development methodology will still be useful. Gane and Sarson (1979) propose
Structured Analysis and Design of Information Systems methodology which reflects the process
modelling theme. This methodology consists of functional decomposition, decision trees, decision
tables, DFDs and structured language. Jackson (1975) creates a program design methodology Jackson
Structured Programming, which is based on teaching and practicing of commercial computer
programming. Afterwards, Jackson Systems Development was devised by Jackson (1983) as an
extension of the program design task and that the same techniques can be used for both. These two
methodologies are concentrating on the design of efficient and well-tested software, which reflects
the specification. Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method is a methodology to support the
UK Civil Service`s computer training and some procurement. It is developed by the UK consultants
Lear month and Burchett Management Systems and Central Computing and Telecommunications
Agency.
2.2.2 Target Population
This study will be a supplement for business information system theory and information system
application in a special industry. Researchers in information system applications area will be the main
target group of this study from theoretical aspect. For scholars, who focus on information system
model construction, this study would be valuable as well, Facilitators, multipliers, social workers and
teachers that deal with the youth in different ways. In practice, it would help football clubs to
establish or enhance their information systems. So, football club managers will also be a target group
in practical area. Football club information system developers would also be targeted. These groups
and individuals will understand the whole concept of football for development and not only on how
to use football as a medium for development. They will also understand how to use football and sport

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to address diverse issues both on the field and in the classroom. This should help in bringing out
thought provoking discussions as well as reflection about the youth and contribute to how they form
their opinion and make judgements on issues of development and underdevelopment. Also the youth
who have not yet been reached with development issues and themes but who are interested in football
and development issues not only in Mombasa County or Kenya but also elsewhere especially Africa
and the outside at large.
2.2.3Data Collection
Only making the project is not only the task it requires removing the errors and making the project
more efficient and flexible. After throwing the project in the market, the information about updating
the software is only retrieved by following some investigation technique. The main purpose of this
technique is to collect sufficient, relevant and appropriate data to produce a set of reliable
requirements/ conclusions. Mainly there are four techniques by which information can be gathered:
Questionnaires, Interviews, Observation, Studying and Documentation. In the given scenario, the
researcher was only concerned with two main investigation techniques through which he got accurate
data most of the times i.e. questionnaires and interview.
2.2.4 Questionnaire
Questionnaires are a popular means of collecting data particularly when there is a big enquiry. In this
method, a questionnaire is being sent to the concerned person (usually by post) with a request to
answer the question and return the questionnaire. In a questionnaire, we have questions printed or
typed in a definite order on a form or set of forms which has to be answered by the respondent who
read and understand the questions and write down the reply in the space meant for the purpose in the
question itself.
2.2.5 The advantages of adopting Questionnaire methods are: -
The cost for doing this research method is low even when there is widely spread geographically.
There is no biasness of the interviewer. Respondents get enough time to respond and a wide
geographic area can be covered hence no pre-arrangements are required.
2.2.6The disadvantages of Questionnaires: -
Low response rate, Questions have to be simple. Once a questionnaire is sent control over it is lost
and it’s also slowest method of all methods.

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So, among the following research methods we choose the Questionnaire as it is relatively cheap,
respondents will get time to think and respond. All players have their pre-arranged schedule so they
are so busy if we will conduct interview or observation method they would take much time and more
money would be spent. So, the researcher found questionnaire the best method for the survey to know
the requirement from the admin and the players to form the information management system.
2.2.7 Interview
Interview is a process where there is an interviewer and an interviewee. The interview method of data
collection involves presentation of oral-verbal stimuli and reply in terms of oral-verbal responses.
This method can be used through personal interview as well as telephonic interview as per
requirement. Here the researcher is going to conduct personal interview. In a personal interview one
person is interviewer who generally asks questions in a face-to-face contact to other person or
persons.
2.2.8 Advantages of personal Interview:
Some of the merits of personal interview are good response rate and are useful to obtain detailed
information about personal feelings, perceptions and opinions. Respondents own words are recorded;
hence interviewees are not influenced by others in the group
2.2.9 Disadvantages of personal Interview:
Personal interview is very time-consuming and very expensive method of fact finding. Different
interviewers may understand and transcribe interviews in different ways. Also lot of systematic errors
may occur.
2.3 Review of Existing and Similar System
2.3.1 Data Processing
Data processing system are conned with the transition, handling, and recordkeeping, usually for a
particular functional area. Data are entered and stored in a file format; the stored files are updated
during routine processing.
The major drawback of data processing is that, they are flexible and easy to control/ accommodates
data, information needs that are already built into the system.

13
2.3.2System Capabilities
Information system includes all use of computer that support administrative aspect of an organization,
example includes, application of payroll system, registration system, team bill system, registration
combination of hardware, software, people’s procedure for an information system. A computer based
information system provides an organization with data processing information system has four
capabilities as a computer system, which includes input, processing, output and storage.
2.3.3Working of the present system
In the present system, all work is done on paper. The whole league session is stored in files and at the
end of each period the reports are generated. We are not interested in gathering report in the middle
of the season or as per the requirement because it takes more time in calculation .at the end of the
season the teams, players get a report.
2.3.4Disadvantages of Present Working System
The existing system is not user friendly because the retrieval of data is very slow and data is not
maintained efficiently. There is Inconsistency in data entry hence room for errors. Large ongoing
staff training cost and also the system is dependent on good individuals. Also there is reduction in
sharing information and customer services. Moreover it`s Time consuming and costly to produce
reports. Lastly duplication of data entries is common.
2.3.5Proposed System
The proposed system is a web based application which allows players to register their details. The
aim of this project is to develop a system that can handle and manage the activities involved in a
football club in an efficient and reliable way. It will help the administrator to do their work in simple
way without any trouble. On the basis of the drawbacks and shortcomings identified in the present
and existing Management system, the solutions have been provided for the better management.
The system contains unique user ID and password for both administrator and players. The system will
allow the players to browse the system and can view their profile only by using their unique ID.As
earlier system, no more paper work and does not need much man power because it is a web-based
application where all the data goes directly to the database and the admin can easily retrieve the data
according to the choice. Security problem issues are solved by this automated system. The system
will be accessible from anywhere and at any time. So, the players can reach the system very easily

14
and gets the updated information all the time. The administrator can easily view the reports of the
players just by going through the system which will save his time as the database is centralized now.
The administrator will also now can provide the payrolls to the players very easily. The computer
database maintains players and sports apparels records which will be highly beneficial for the admin.
2.3.6 Constraints of the proposed system
The Interface is provided only in English. So, the players must know English language so that he can
easily interact with the system. Unique user ID and password is used for identification of players.
Registered players only have the rights to access the facilities provided by the system. The players
can access this Management System from any computer that has internet connection and internet
browsing capabilities.
2.3.7 Assumptions to the new proposed system
The application is developed by the developers by assuming that: The players have sufficient
knowledge of computers and interface designed; the computer must have internet connection and
internet browsing capabilities. The players must know English as GUI has been provided in English
2.4 Feasibility Study
A feasibility study assesses the operational, technical and economic merits of the proposed system.
The feasibility study is intended to be an introductory review of the facts to see if it is worthy of
proceeding to the analysis phase. The feasibility study is a management-oriented activity. The
objective of a feasibility study is to find out if an information system project can be done and to
suggest possible alternative solutions.
2.4.1 Operational Feasibility
Operational feasibility is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the problems, and takes
advantage of the opportunities identified during scope definition and how it satisfies the requirements
identified in the requirements analysis phase of system development. Operational feasibility reviews
the willingness of the organization to support the proposed system. In order to determine this
feasibility, it is important to understand the management commitment to the proposed project. If the
request was initiated by management, it is likely that there is management support and the system
will be accepted and used. The operational feasibility will be used effectively after it has been
developed. If users have difficulty with a new system, it will not produce the expected benefits.

15
2.4.2 Technical Feasibility
It considers the technical requirements of the proposed system. The technical requirements are then
compared to the technical capability of the existing system. The systems project is considered
technically feasible, if the internal technical capability is sufficient to support the project
requirements. The researcher must find out whether current technical resources can be upgraded or
added to in a manner that fulfils the request under consideration. This is where the expertise of
analyst is beneficial, since using their experience and their contact with vendors they will be able to
answer the question of technical feasibility. The essential questions that help in testing the operational
feasibility include: Is the project feasible within the limits of current technology? Is it available
within given resource constraints? Are the current technical resources sufficient for the new system?
Can they be upgraded to provide the level of technology necessary for the new system? Do we
possess the necessary technical expertise, and is the schedule reasonable? Can the technology be
easily applied to current problems? Does the technology have the capacity to handle the solution? Do
we currently possess the necessary technology? This management system deals with the modern
technology that needs the well efficient technical system to run this project. All the resource
constraints must be in the favour of the better influence of the system. Keeping all these facts in mind
I had selected the favourable hardware and software utilities to make it more feasible.
2.4.3 Economic Feasibility
Economic analysis could also be referred to as cost/benefit analysis. It is the most frequently used
method for evaluating the effectiveness of a new system. In economic analysis, the procedure is to
determine the benefits and savings that are expected from a system and compare them with costs. If
benefits are more than costs, then the decision is made to design and implement the system. An
entrepreneur must accurately weigh the cost versus benefits before taking an action.
The possible questions raised in economic analysis include: If the system is cost effective? Do
benefits outweigh costs? The cost of doing full system study, Estimated cost of hardware and the
estimated cost of software(s).
2.4.4: Social Feasibility
This will be user friendly system where the operations will be easily understood and operated. It will
as well successfully certify the user by addressing and overcoming his problems. As well, the system
can produce reports as per the user wishes.

16
2.4.5: Legal feasibility
This is carried out to ensure that no internal or external conflict may arise because of the project
development process in the company. Should not affect the process and procedure of the ongoing
league i.e. conflict between the system organization and developer or the system itself.

17
CHAPTER THREE:SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 Introduction
This chapter discusses the research methodologies used to develop a best fit system for the online
soccer league system. There are different ways of developing a system, one of them is to collect or
gather the relevant information regarding the study, the methodology and technique put to use to aid
the creation of the proposed system and the successful development and implementation of the
systems. It enables the researcher make intelligent decisions concerning the football league
information management system.
3.2 Methodology
3.2.1 Purpose of the methodology
Firstly, it provides us with a framework for planning the project. Secondly, for the development of
web-based projects a short-term life-cycle is quite common as compared to long term life-cycle
because it helps in software development with fewer errors and therefore provides less delivery time
and better value. Thirdly, the quality of a software development effort is improved by using selected
process techniques. Finally, web-based development is a graphical user interface so is should be
discussed separately from the traditional system development.
3.2.2 Structure of Life-Cycle Model
Structure of the model include: System Design, Analysis, Implementation, Planning and Testing.
Each phase produces deliverables required by the next phase in the life cycle. Some phases are also
inter-related with others. Planning is done in the first and analysis of the system is continued after
that. Analysis of the system is being translated into design. Code is produced during implementation
that is driven by the design. Testing verifies the deliverable of the implementation phase.
Planning is the very first phase of the system, in which we decide what the task is for and what all
things we have to do for completion of the project.
Analysis is the second important phase of the life cycle model. In this phase, the research is done on
the existing system and then the alternatives are found for the proposed system.

18
Design is the phase where the work for system design is produced. The deliverables of design phase
consist of architecture which includes hardware, software and communication.
Implementation is the longest phase of the software development life cycle as the code is produced
from the deliverables of the design phase.
Testing is done on the implementation code to make sure that the product is actually solving the
needs addressed in the system and gathering the other information.
3.2.3 Scope of the methodology
SSADM is used in the system as it saves time and also improves the quality of deliverables. It covers
almost each and every step required for website development that includes from organizational
analysis to work design and technical design. It ensures that we will be going through HCI (human
computer interaction) process which is beneficial and recommended for website design.
3.2.4 Description of the methodology
SSADM is a method which deals with the information and system design. It is quite old system
design for large scale projects. SSADM is used to determine the information system possibility. It
used the combination of text and diagrams throughout the whole life cycle of a system design. This
method uses logical data modelling, entity event modelling and data flow modelling to determine
how a system must be created or updated. These are followed by requirements analysis, logical
system specification and a final system design.
3.2.5 Reasons for using SSADM
It is best methodology for web based project management system as the resource required to
implement this model is minimal. Earlier this system was done manually and all the work is
maintained on register. It is less expensive and also less time-consuming as compared to other
methodology. SSADM reduces the error rate and risk by checking the system hence makes the site
easy to operate and understandable for the user, and does not require very special skills and can easily
be taught to the staff. The methodology SSADM is developed and a comprehensive demand analysis
is carried out by the help of SSADM. It improves the overall productivity of the specific project and
the company.

19
3.2.6 System Analysis
A system analysis involves evaluation of the current system using the gathered facts or information.
The researcher should evaluate whether the current and projected user needs are being met. The
researcher found out from the gathered information that the current system which was a manual
system did not satisfy user needs. The information was not readily available and the people use to
struggle to obtain information regarding football in Mombasa County. The researcher came up with
the recommendation that a new system should be built and put into place where it will help the users
to gain access to the information which was hardly available to them previously.
3.2.7 Aim of systemAnalysis
The major objective of this section is to try and find out how data flows both inside and outside the
system, the bodies that interact with the system and all that goes on within and without the system. It
specifies the variety, volume and requirements-both input and output- from the system and enables
design specifications to be made. Because the implementation of this project will be viable if it saves
on the time and costs incurred by the existing system, this section tries to analyse the cost and
benefits of coming up with an automated system of running a soccer league so as to know whether it
is justifiable investing the institution’s time and money.
Assuming that a new system is to be developed; Analysis involved a detailed study of the current
system, leading to specifications of a new system. Analysis is a detailed study of various operations
performed by a system and their relationships within and outside the system. During analysis,
interviews and questionnaire are the tools that were used for system analysis. Using the following
steps, it becomes easy to draw the exact boundary of the new system under consideration keeping in
mind the problems and new requirements and workout the pros and cons including new areas of the
system All procedures, requirements must be analysed and documented in the form of detailed data
flow diagrams (DFDs), data dictionary, logical data structures, etc. System Analysis also includes
subdividing of complex process involving the entire system, identification of data store and manual
processes. The main points to be discussed include: Specification of what the new system is to
accomplish based on the user requirements, Functional hierarchy showing the functions to be
performed by the system and their relationship with each other, Function network which are similar
to function hierarchy but they highlight the functions which are common to more than one procedure.

20
3.2.8 System Design
Structure design is a blueprint of a computer system solution to a given problem having the same
components and inter-relationship among the same components as the original problem. Input, output
and processing specifications are drawn up in detail. In the design stage, the programming language
and the platform in which the new system will run are also decided. This is the phase in which the
requirement of the new system is used to create actual plans of the new system. The main objectives
of the system are-: Have a system that is easy to maintain, have a system that is programmer friendly,
have a system that will eliminate all inconveniences caused by poor calculation and have a system
whose cost can be met.
3.2.9 Operation of the current system
Mombasa County football sector is currently using manual system which includes providing of all the
information unsystematically. All the information is manually communicated to the users and many
factors are experienced during communication i.e. information not reaching to the fans, too costly by
contacting the team management through phone calls as well as printing hard copies to market this
amateur league to people in the county and most importantly unavailability of information in the
open, thus this system of providing information is poor. A lot of time and energy is wasted by the
soccer fans in finding the right information concerning the teams they support and follow and hence
this also leads to most fan getting tired and eventually deciding not to follow these leagues.
The new information system is to make the overall communication of information about the
Mombasa County league easier and faster for the users to access and retrieve it. Also the accuracy of
data and information will be ensured to the subscribers.
3.3Requirements Specification
Below are defined the specific project requirement in terms of software and hardware to develop the
MC Online Football System.
3.1: Software Requirements
Operating System (Microsoft Windows 10 professional) used for software development
purposes.
Macromedia Dreamweaver 6.0

21
Macromedia's Dreamweaver is the leading Web production tool for Windows. Macromedia
Dreamweaver is a professional HTML editor for designing, coding, and developing websites, web
pages and web applications. Whether enjoy the control of hand-coding HTML or prefer to work in a
visual editing environment, Dreamweaver provides helpful tools to enhance web creation experience.
My-SQL Relational Database Management System
My-SQL used to store the proposed system data. Apache is the best because works fine in any
operating system. It is extremely quick and amazingly stable. Web server has seemed to be a fairly
straightforward job, where it sits running on top of operating system. The Apache Web server is the
most popular Web server. Apache is the best because works fine in any operating system. It is
extremely quick and amazingly stable.
PHP Application
PHP works as well on as wide a variety of systems. It is a cross-platform and accesses everything
application program language beside of being constantly improved.
Server (Internet Information Service – 11S)
The server is used to increase web site and application availability.
Microsoft office 2016
Used for user documentation and typing.
3.2 Hardware Requirement
The Machine
The computer used to develop this system is HP 640 Index with CPU 2.23 GHz and 4GB RAM.
Flash Disk
For backing up data and transferring information from one computer to another.
External hard drive
For backing up data in case of any loss or malicious damages
QWERTY keyboard

22
For inputting data to the system
Kyocera FS-4200DNcolour Printer
For printing
3.3 Other Requirement
Web browser:
Web browsers such as Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox.
3.4Operationofthe current system
Mombasa County is currently using a manual system which includes providing of all the information
unsystematically. All the information is manually communicated to the users and many factors are
experienced during communication i.e. information not reaching to the fans, too costly by contacting
the team management through phone calls as well as printing hard copies to market this amateur
league to people in the county and most importantly unavailability of information in the open, thus
this system of providing information is poor. A lot of time and energy is wasted by the soccer fans in
finding the right information concerning the teams they support and follow and hence this also leads
to most fan getting tired and eventually deciding not to follow these leagues. The new information
system is to make the overall communication of information about the Mombasa County league
easier and faster for the users to access and retrieve it. Also, the accuracy of data and information will
be ensured to the subscribers.

23
3.4.1 Process diagram showing the procedure or order of data collection and processing.
Figure 3.1 Process showing the procedure or order of data collection and processing.
Log in
User
Teams,
Results,
Fixtures and
Standings
Enter
Password Enter ID
Match Event
and Venues.Get Team
Info,
Tournament
Info.
No of Users
Get Match
Fixtures,
Results,
Standings,
Venues.
Sponsors and
Events
Online Msa
County

24
3.4.2 Registration flow chart
The user can access the system only after they have signed up or registered with the system. The user
can use a new e-mail or an already used one to sign up. During registration, the user will be asked for
personal details to fill in the form and proceed to access the soccer system.
Figure3.2Registration flow chart
Sign up
Email In
Use
Normal login flow
Create
password
Password
correct?
Sign
up
Sign up form
+ Login link
Yes

25
3.4.3 Login flowchart
According to the system if a person enters a wrong password, he/ she is forced to retype the
password.
Figure3.3 Login flowchart
3.4.4 Entity Relationship Diagram
Figure: 3.3 ERD
Start
User name
Password
Log in
Stop
NO
YES
CustomerName
User Name
ID
CustomerName
Age
Address
ID
Track no.
CustomerName
Age

26
3.5 Normalization
Normalization is the process of efficiently organizing data in a database. There are two goals of the
normalization process: eliminating data redundancy (for example, storing the same data in more than
one table) and ensuring data dependencies (storing related data in a table). Both of these are worthy
goals as they reduce the amount of space a database consumes and ensure that data is logically stored.
3.5.1 Database Tables
Databases offer a convenient and powerful way to organize your information. In Database Basics,
you'll learn how to get started in the world of databases, normalize your database according to
commonly accepted design principles, and add security to your database and use database keys and
transactions. A table is responsible for storing data in the database. Helps the user to specifies and
assign his data description according to what he desires and is required.
3.5.2 Login Table
FIELD NAME DATA TYPE SIZE DESCRIPTION
Username Text 32 Char Name of the user
Password Text 32 Char Password of the user
Table: 3.1 Login Table

27
3.5.3 RegistrationTable
FIELD NAME DATA TYPE SIZE DESCRIPTION
Player name Text 32 char Name of the player
ID NO Numeric Long integer Identity number
Date Date/time General time Date of registration
Address Text 32 Char Players address
City Text 32 Char Players residence
Table: 3.2 Registration Table
3.6 Application of the System
This Mombasa County online football system will be targeting the fans of Mombasa County and the
neighbouring counties.
Conclusion
Analysis and design is an exploration of an area, with the best definition and a framework for piece of
research. A good methodology chosen with correct project planning will ensure a systematic
approach into completing the system. The both of it are very important to study the current of existing
work.

28
APPENDICES
ONLINE MOMBASA COUNTY FOOTBALL MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEM
(A CASE STUDY OF MOMBASA COUNTY)
Instructions: Please respond to the following questions and where applicable, mark the
relevant box with a tick (√) or underline (_).
Confidentiality: The responses you give will be strictly confidential. No reference will be
made to any individual(s) in the report of the study
1.) Do you want to automate the system which is manually now?
a) Yes b) No c) maybe
2.) Do you often do mistakes while calculating the payroll of players?
a) Yes b) No c) sometimes
3.) What do you want the system to be?
a) Accurate b) Fast c) Reliable d) Secure e) all of the above
4.) Do you want to improve the system?
a) Yes b) No
5.) Do you feel burden in maintaining so much of records?
a) Yes b) No
6.) Data is lost while storing the records
a) Often b) Always c) Sometimes d) No
7.) Do you feel difficulty in searching the player details?
a) Yes b) No

29
8.) Do you feel like difficulty in updating the player details?
a) Yes b) No
9.) Do you want the system to keep the record of stadium maintenance?
a) Yes b) No
10.) Are you satisfied with this automated management system?
a.) Yes b.) No c.) Can’t say

30
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