4. Bicameral = From www.lshm.net

13. The assigning by Congress of congressional seats after each census. State legislatures reapportion state legislative districts The redrawing of congressional and other legislative district lines following the census, to accommodate population shifts and keep districts as equal as possible in population Reapportionment Redistricting

17. The U.S. Supreme Court originally declared issues of apportionment to be a “political thicket” that the courts should stay out of

24. Gerrymandering The drawing of legislative districts for partisan advantage

27. Former House Majority Leader Tom Delay worked with state legislative leaders to redraw districts every five years, bettering the Republican’s chances in upcoming elections

28. Affirmative Racial Gerrymandering Drawing district boundary lines to maximize minority representation

31. From www.legis.state.ia.us

34. From www.flagandbanner.com Political parties matter in multiple ways: - Only candidates from the two major parties can win most elections - If one party is dominant in a district, it is difficult to win from even the other major party

35. The recent Congressional elections show the importance of timing. Some incumbents lost reelection in relatively safe districts because of popular dissatisfaction.

36. From www.tull.no Running against a well-know and powerful opponent often generates an unfair fight.

57. Standing Committees

58. Standing Committees Subcommittees

62. Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees

64. Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees

65. Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees Joint Committees

66. Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees Joint Committees Conference Committees

67. How a Bill becomes a Law

82. President Bush used the veto power very little compared with other modern presidents. Presidential Decision

87. The Congress shall have power …To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. Necessary and Proper Clause Article I, Section 8