1. LEARNER AUTONOMY IN A NUTSHELL Cem BALÇIKANLI Gazi University, Faculty of Education, English Language Teaching Department E-mail: [email_address] The 11 th International INGED ELT Conference 6-8 September 2007 Ankara, TURKEY

4. If democratic states are to develop and flourish as democracies, t hey must undertake ed ucational measures calculated to develop t he c apacity of their citizens to think and act as free and self - determining individuals (Holec,1981) .

8. A dults do not know how to diagnose their own needs for l earning , formulate their own learning objectives , identify learning resources and planning strategies for taking the initiative in using those resources , assess their own learning and have their assessments validated. Knowles (1981),