2. 
This includes two kidneys, two
ureters, the bladder, two
sphincter muscles, the urethra,
and -in men- the prostate.
 Your body takes nutrients from
food and uses them to maintain
all bodily functions including
energy and self-repair.
 After your body has taken what
it needs from the food, waste
products are left behind in the
blood and in the bowel.


The urinary system works with
the lungs, skin, and intestines-all
of which also excrete wastes-to
keep the chemicals and water in
your body balanced.
Adults eliminate about a quart and
a half of urine each day. The
amount depends on many factors,
especially the amounts of fluid
and food a person consumes and
how much fluid is lost through
sweat and breathing. Certain
types of medications can also
affect the amount of urine
eliminated.

3. Bladder
Cancer
Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Sources:

U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group (2013) United States
Cancer Statistics: 1999–2009 Incidence and Mortality Web-based
Report. Atlanta (GA): Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Cancer
Institute; Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/uscs.

4. has been connected with exposure to a
number of carcinogens.
 may result because the urinary tract comes
into contact with so many foreign substances
due to its excretory function.
 for many years it has been known that those
who work with aniline dyes have a high
incidence of cancer of the bladder.
 is also associated with exposure to tar from
tobacco smoke and with schistosomiasis
(infestation with a tropical parasite).


5. 10,324 people in the UK were diagnosed
with bladder cancer.
 In 2010 there were 4,907 deaths from
bladder cancer in the UK.
 In 2005-2009, 56.1% of adult bladder cancer
patients (58.2% of men and 50.2% of
women) in England survived their cancer for
five years or more.
 The latest statistics available for bladder
cancer are; incidence 2010, mortality 2010,
and survival 2005-2009.


6. 



Another name for renal cancer is kidney cancer.
"Renal" is the Latin word for kidney. Cancer of the
kidney may also be called renal cell carcinoma.
The most common type of kidney cancer is renal cell
carcinoma (renal adenocarcinoma). The other two
main types of kidney cancer are transitional cell
carcinoma and Wilm's tumor (which mostly affects
children).
In renal cell cancer the cancerous cells start in the
lining of the tubules (the smallest tubes inside the
nephrons) that help filter the blood and make urine.
Renal cell carcinoma is the cancer of the kidney that
occurs when the cells lining the renal tubule undergo
cancerous changes.
Source:
National Cancer Institute (2013) PDQ Renal Cell Cancer Treatment. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute.

7. 





account for approximately 2-3% of all malignancies, with the
highest incidence in Western countries.
Males are more likely to be affected than females, with a ratio
of 1.5:1.
The incidence of kidney cancer begins to rise after the age of
40 and is highest in people aged between 60 and 70 years.
Several risk factors have been identified, including
smoking, obesity, hypertension, long-term dialysis and von
Hippel-Lindau disease.
Hereditary renal cancers tend to be multiple, bilateral and
occur at an earlier age than others.
In the UK there has been an increase of 22% over 10 years
while in the USA there has been an increase of 50% in 30 years.
There appear to be a number of factors and some are
preventable, especially obesity.

8. is an abnormal growth of cells in the prostate
that form a lump (tumour).
 In time, without treatment, it may spread to other
organs, particularly the bones and lymph nodes,
which can be life threatening.
 Generally at the early and potentially curable
stage, prostate cancer does not have obvious
symptoms. This makes it different from other
benign prostate disorders, which may result in
urinary symptoms.


9. It is estimated that 241,740 men will be diagnosed with
prostate cancer in 2012 (850 more than in 2011)
 An estimated 1 in 6 men will be diagnosed with prostate
cancer during their lifetime, but only 1 in 36 men will die
from the disease
There are more than 2.5 million American men who have
been diagnosed with prostate cancer who are still living
today
About 2 out of 3 prostate cancers are found in men older
than 65
 Prostate cancer is the 2nd leading cause of death due to
cancer in men.
 An estimated 28,170 men will die from prostate cancer in
2012 (5,560 less than in 2011)

*Source: American Cancer Society ©2008-2013 Kababik & Company,
LLC. All rights reserved.