Final tssa design and realization of passive phase shifters
Lte technical overview
1. LTE Technical Overview
LTE: TECHNOLOGY, BUSINESS AND COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
THE PARK LANE HOTEL – JAKARTA, SEPTEMBER 29-30, 2010
DR. IR. JOKO SURYANA
5. LTE Fundamental : OFDM
• OFDM is a Multi Carrier Modulation
• Symbols at rate R are serial to parallel converted to
N parallel streams
• Each stream is at rate R/N
• Symbol duration per stream increased N times
• Bandwidth per stream reduced N times
• Each stream modulates one of N orthogonal
carriers
• Implemented easily with IFFT / FFT
LTE Technical Overview 5
7. LTE Fundamental : OFDM
Advantages :
• Resistant to Multipath fading
• Requires simple frequency domain equalization
• Resistant to narrow band interference
• Easy to implement with IFFT / FFT
• Flexibility for adaptive loading (seen later)
• Suitable for Space-Time and Space-Frequency
antenna processing
LTE Technical Overview 7
8. LTE Fundamental : OFDM Modulation
NTs guard
x
X0
X0 XN-1 e j 0
Serial to Parallel
x
Add
+ Guard
Ts e j 1 xn
N 1 2 kn
1
X
j
XN-1
x xn k e N
N k 0
e j N 1
IFFT
• Symbols X0 to XN-1 modulate N orthogonal Carriers
• Performed with IFFT
LTE Technical Overview 8
9. LTE Fundamental : Cyclic Prefix
• After IFFT, a guard band (cyclic
After IFFT
prefix) is added at the beginning
• Guard band duration must be >
channel maximum delay
• Guard band prevents Inter- Add guard
Symbol Interference (ISI) due to
multipath
Tg To
OFDM Symbol
LTE Technical Overview 9
14. LTE Fundamental : OFDM Modem
PSK or QAM
IFFT
bits Symbol Add
P/S
Mapping S/P Guard
RF
frequency
PSK or QAM
Frequency Symbol bits
Remove
FFT
P/S
S/P
RF Domain De-
Guard
Equalizer Mapping
General OFDM Modulation and Demodulation
LTE Technical Overview 14
76. LTE Release 8 Key Features
• High spectral efficiency • Very low latency
– OFDM in Downlink – Short setup time & Short
• Robust against multipath transfer delay
interference – Short HO latency and
• High affinity to advanced interruption time
techniques • Short TTI
– Frequency domain
channel-dependent • RRC procedure
scheduling • Simple RRC states
– MIMO • Support of variable
– DFTS-OFDM(“Single-Carrier bandwidth
FDMA”) in Uplink
• Low PAPR
– 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz
• User orthogonality in
frequency domain
– Multi-antenna application
LTE Technical Overview 76
77. Rel-9 LTE features
• Small enhancements from LTE Release 8 mainly for higher layer
– HeNB (Home eNode B)
• HeNB Access Mode
– Rel-8: Closed Access Mode
– Rel-9: Open and Hybrid Mode
• HeNB Mobility between HeNB and macro
– Rel-8: Out-bound HO
– Rel-9: in-bound and inter-CSG HO
– SON (self-organizing networks)
• Rel-8: Self configuration, Basic self-optimization
• Rel-9: RACH optimization, etc
– MBMS
• Rel-8: Radio physical layer specs
• Rel-9: Radio higher layer and NW interface specs
– LCS (Location Services)
• Rel-8: U-Plane solutions
• Rel-9: C-Plane solutions, e.g. OTDOA
LTE Technical Overview 77
78. Summary 3GPP LTE
Release 8 / Release 9
A new radio interface specified in Release 8 and enhanced in Release 9
Provides:
• Broadband data throughput:
• Downlink target 3-4 times greater than HSDPA Release 6
• Uplink target 2-3 times greater than HSUPA Release 6
Significantly reduced latency
High mobility
The basis for 17 commercial launches (as at 12 Jan)
64 commercial launches expected by end of 2012
125 operators publicly committed to launch
LTE set to be the mobile broadband technology
LTE Technical Overview 78 78
81. Motivation of LTE-Advanced
• IMT-Advanced standardisation process in ITU-R
• Additional IMT spectrum band identified in WRC07
• Further evolution of LTE Release 8 and 9 to meet:
– Requirements for IMT-Advanced of ITU-R
– Future operator and end-user requirements
LTE Technical Overview 81
82. Key Requirements for LTE-Advanced LTE-Advanced
(LTE Release 10)
• LTE-Advanced shall be deployed as an
LTE Release 9
evolution of LTE Release 8 and on new bands.
• LTE-Advanced shall be backwards compatible LTE Release 8
with LTE Release 8
Smooth and flexible system migration from LTE-Advanced contains all features of
Rel-8 LTE to LTE-Advanced LTE Rel-8&9 and additional features for
further evolution
LTE-Advanced evolved
from LTE Rel-8
LTE Rel-8 cell LTE-Advanced cell
LTE Rel-8 terminal LTE-Advanced terminal LTE Rel-8 terminal LTE-Advanced terminal
An LTE-Advanced terminal can An LTE Rel-8 terminal can work
work in an LTE Rel-8 cell in an LTE-Advanced cell
LTE-Advanced backward compatibility with LTE Rel-8
LTE Technical Overview 82
83. Target performance of LTE-Advanced
Rel. 8 LTE LTE-Advanced IMT-Advanced
DL 300 Mbps 1 Gbps
Peak data rate 1 Gbps(*)
UL 75 Mbps 500 Mbps
Peak spectrum efficiency DL 15 30 15
[bps/Hz]
UL 3.75 15 6.75
Antenna Rel. 8 LTE*1 LTE-Advanced*2 IMT-Advanced*3
configuration
Average DL 2-by-2 1.69 2.4 –
spectrum
efficiency 4-by-2 1.87 2.6 2.2
[bps/Hz/cell] 4-by-4 2.67 3.7 –
UL 1-by-2 0.74 1.2 –
2-by-4 – 2.0 1.4
x 1.4-1.7
Cell edge user DL 2-by-2 0.05 0.07 –
throughput
[bps/Hz/cell/user] 4-by-2 0.06 0.09 0.06
4-by-4 0.08 0.12 –
UL 1-by-2 0.024 0.04 –
2-by-4 – 0.07 0.03
*1 See TR25.912(Case 1 scenario) *2 See TR36.913(Case 1 scenario)
*3 See ITU-R M.2135(Base Coverage Urban scenario)
LTE Technical Overview 83
86. Key Features in LTE Release 10
100 MHz
Support of Wider Bandwidth(Carrier Aggregation)
• Use of multiple component carriers(CC) to extend bandwidth up to 100 MHz
• Common physical layer parameters between component carrier and LTE Rel-8 carrier f
Improvement of peak data rate, backward compatibility with LTE Rel-8
CC
Advanced MIMO techniques
• Extension to up to 8-layer transmission in downlink
• Introduction of single-user MIMO up to 4-layer transmission in uplink
• Enhancements of multi-user MIMO
Improvement of peak data rate and capacity
Heterogeneous network and
eICIC(enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination)
• Interference coordination for overlaid deployment of cells with different Tx power
Improvement of cell-edge throughput and coverage
Relay
• Type 1 relay supports radio backhaul and creates a separate cell and appear as Rel. 8 LTE eNB to
Rel. 8 LTE UEs
Improvement of coverage and flexibility of service area extension
Coordinated Multi-Point transmission and reception (CoMP)
• Support of multi-cell transmission and reception
Improvement of cell-edge throughput and coverage
LTE Technical Overview 86
99. 3GPP LTE-Advanced Self-Evaluation
• The self-evaluation results shows:
– For LTE Release 10, FDD RIT and TDD RIT Component meets the
minimum requirements of all 4 required test environments, individually.
– Baseline configuration exceeding ITU-R requirements with minimum
extension
• LTE release 8 fulfills the requirements in most cases (no extensions needed)
• Extensions to Multi-user MIMO from Release 8 fulfills the requirements in some
scenarios (Urban Macro/Micro DL)
Spectrum Efficiency: FDD DL, Indoor (InH)
ITU-R requirement
7 6.6
6.1
(bps/Hz/cell)
6 5.5
Cell average
4.8 4.5
5 4.1
4 3.0
3
2
1
0 Rel-8 SU-MIMO 4x2 Rel-10 MU-MIMO 4x2
L=1,2,3 L=1,2,3
LTE Technical Overview 99
100. LTE-Advanced Experiments in
NTT DOCOMO
DOCOMO developed LTE-Advanced experimental system aligned with 3GPP LTE Release
10 specifications
◆ Laboratory experiments
Total throughput of 1 Gbps for 2 Mobile stations in downlink was achieved by applying
4x2 multi-user MIMO technique
◆ Field experiments
Throughput of 600 Mbps in downlink and 200 Mbps in uplink was achieved by applying
2x2 single-user MIMO technique
◆ Laboratory ◆ Field @ Yokosuka, Japan
Hills
100 m 200 m
300 m 400 m
Base station
• Tx power: 10 W/ant.
Base Mobile • Antenna: 4 Tx/Rx
• DL Bandwidth:
station station 100 MHz
LTE-Advanced key technologies, e.g., Mobile station
carrier aggregation and enhanced MIMO • Tx Power: 1 W/ant.
• Antenna: 2 Tx/Rx
LTE Technical Overview • UL Bandwidth: 40 MHz
101. NTT DOCOMO Field Trial
Panorama View
10 km/h
Downlink
600
Mbps
5 CCs
2x2 SU-
MIMO
Uplink
200
Mbps
2 CCs
2x2 SU-
MIMO
LTE Technical Overview 101
May 18, 2011 LTE World Summit 2011
102. Summary LTE-Advanced
Release 10
Not a new technology as such, but a point of maturity along the LTE evolution
path. LTE Advanced provides:
Support for wider Bandwidth (Up to 100MHz)
Downlink transmission scheme
• Improvements to LTE by using 8x8 MIMO
• Data rates of 100Mb/s with high mobility and 1Gb/s with low mobility
Uplink transmission scheme
• Improvements to LTE
• Data rates up to 500Mb/s
Relay functionality
• Improving cell edge coverage
• More efficient coverage in rural areas
CoMP (coordinated multiple point transmission and reception)
• Downlink coordinated multi-point transmission
• Uplink coordinated multi-point reception
Local IP Access (LIPA) & Enhanced HNB to allow traffic off-load
LTE Technical Overview 102 10
2
104. Conclusions
• LTE Release 8
– Specification completed and stable
– Commercially deployed and committed to deploy by many
operators all over the world
• LTE Release 9
– Small enhancements of LTE Release 8
– Specification completed and stable
• LTE Release 10
– Stage 3 frozen and stabilized
– Accepted as a technology of IMT-Advanced by ITU-R WP5D
– Materials and specifications submitted to ITU-R WP5D for
ITU-R recommendation M.[IMT.RSPEC]
LTE Technical Overview 104
