2. 1. Identify the necessary components of an emergency
operations plan.
2. Discuss how triage in a disaster differs from triage in
an emergency.
3. Develop a plan of care for a patient experiencing short-
term or long-term psychological effects after a disaster.
4. Evaluate the different levels of personal protection and
decontamination procedures that may be necessary
during an event involving mass casualties or weapons
of mass destruction.
3. 5. Describe isolation precautions necessary for
bioterrorism agents.
6. Identify the differences among the various chemical
agents used in terrorist events, their effects, and
the decontamination and treatment procedures that
are necessary.
7. Determine the injuries associated with varying
levels of radiation or chemical exposure and the
associated decontamination processes.
4.
5.
6.
7. 1. LEVEL I: Local emergency response personnel and
organizations can contain and effectively manage the
disaster and its aftermath.
2. LEVEL II: Regional efforts and aid from surrounding
communities are sufficient to manage the effects of
the disaster.
3. LEVEL III: Local and regional assets are
overwhelmed; statewide or federal assistance is
required. Control centers, and other local volunteer
organizations.
8. • The Incident Command System (ICS) is a
management tool for organizing personnel, facilities,
equipment, and communication for any emergency
situation.
• Under this structure, one person is designated as
incident commander. This person must be
continuously informed of all activities and informed
about any deviation from the established plan.
9.
10.
11. 1. ACTIVATION RESPONSE: The EOP activation response
of a health care facility should define where, how, and
when the response is initiated.
2. INTERNAL / EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION PLAN:
Communication is critical for all parties involved, including
communication to and from the pre-hospital arena
3. PLAN FOR COORDINATED PATIENT CARE: A response
is planned for coordinated patient care into and out of the
facility, including transfers to other facilities.
12. 4. SECURITY PLANS: A coordinated security plan involving
facility and community agencies is key to the control of an
otherwise chaotic situation.
5. IDENTIFICATION OF EXTERNAL RESOURCES:
External resources are identified, including local, state,
and federal resources and information about how to
activate these resources.
6. PEOPLE MANAGEMENT AND TRAFFIC FLOW:
“People management” includes strategies to manage the
patients, the public, the media, and personnel.
13. 7. DATA MANAGEMENT STRATEGY: A data management
plan for every aspect of the disaster will save time at every
step.
8. DEACTIVATION RESPONSE: Deactivation of the
response is as important as activation; resources should
not be overused.
9. POST-INCIDENT RESPONSE: Often facilities see
increased volumes of patients up to 3 months after an
incident.
14. 10. PLAN FOR PRACTICE DRILLS: Practice drills that
include community participation allow for troubleshooting
any issues before a real-life incident occurs.
11. ANTICIPATED RESOURCES: Food and water must be
available for staff, families, and others who may be at the
facility for an extended period.
12. MASS CASUALTY INCIDENT PLANNING: MCI planning
includes such issues as mass fatality and morgue
readiness.
15. 13. EDUCATIONAL PLAN FOR ALL OF THE ABOVE: A
strong educational plan for all personnel regarding each
step of the plan allows for improved readiness and
additional input for fine-tuning of the EOP.
29. The following are some general principles of awareness that
should raise suspicion:
1. Beware of an unusual increase in the number of people
seeking care for fever or respiratory or gastrointestinal
complaints.
2. Take note of an unusual illness for the time of year.
Clusters of patients from a single location should raise
suspicion.
3. Clusters can be from a specific geographical location,
such as a city, or from a single sporting or entertainment
event.
30. The following are some general principles of awareness that
should raise suspicion:
4. A large number of rapidly fatal cases should raise
suspicion, especially when death occurs within 72 hours
after hospital admission.
5. Any increase in disease incidence in a normally healthy
population should also raise suspicion. These cases
should be reported to the state health department
