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Heart Disease (Applied Anatomy)
- 1. Prevention of Heart Disease
- 4. Myth : fat deposits at old age! It starts from 2 years of age Foam Cells Fatty Streak Intermediate Lesion Atheroma Fibrous Plaque Complicated Lesion/ Rupture Adapted from Pepine CJ. Am J Cardio. 1998;82(suppl 104). From First Decade From Third Decade From Fourth Decade
- 14. Pears and Apples Apple-shaped paunch store body fat around the abdomen and chest, surrounding internal organs Pear-shaped paunch store fat on the hips and thighs, just below the surface of the skin. Apple- shaped are at a higher risk
- 15. Physical Inactivity Every morning my brain tells me to exercise… … .. and my body laughs at the idea
- 17. Cigarette Smoking If you think YOU are smoking the cigarette, you are mistaken… It’s the other way round !
- 21. Misfortunes always come in by a door that has been left open for them. Wise proverb
- 23. For my car, I want the best mechanic. But for my own body, I follow hearsay and advice from friends, kitty party, local quacks…. Just anyone And decide for the worst
- 31. Exercise and Heart Disease Moderate to intense physical activity for 30-45 minutes on most days of the week is recommended
- 34. Rule # 3 Stop Smoking NOW!
- 35. Benefits much beyond Heart Disease Tobacco Diet Physical Activity Alcohol Cardiovascular Cancers Diabetes Chronic Respiratory Diseases Osteoporosis Oral Health Mental Health
- 37. Benefits of reducing cholesterol 10% reduction of blood cholesterol produces 20-30% decline in CHD deaths All Adults >20 yrs must get tested- if normal test again after 5 years, if elevated, work towards normalizing the levels with lifestyle modification and drugs as needed
- 41. Don’t wait for a heart attack to take an action ! Don’t wait for a second life we are not cats!
- 42. Heart disease is often avoidable. Following a heart-healthy lifestyle doesn't have to be complicated, and it doesn't mean you need to live a life of self-deprivation. Instead, find ways to incorporate heart-healthy habits into your lifestyle — and you may well enjoy a healthier life for years to come.
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- 9 Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease involving the development of arterial wall lesions. As they grow, these lesions may narrow or occlude the arterial lumen. Complex lesions may also become unstable and rupture, leading to acute coronary events, such as unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Pepine CJ. The effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on endothelial dysfunction: potential role in myocardial ischemia. Am J Cardiol . 1998; 82(suppl 10A):244-275.
- Cholesterol is a soft waxy substance found among the lipids in the bloodstream and in all of your body’s cells. Everybody needs cholesterol, it serves a vital function in the body. It is a component of the nerve tissue of the brain and spinal cord as well as other major organs. We get cholesterol from two ways. Our bodies make it and the rest comes from animal products we eat. It is frequently measured to promote health and prevent disease. Desirable levels of total cholesterol levels should be at 200 or less. 240 is considered high but it will depend on the HDL and LDL levels if at this level there is a risk to your health. It is a major component of the plaque that clogs arteries. Cholesterol and other fats can’t dissolve in the blood. They have to be transported to and from cells by special carriers called lipoproteins.
- People who are obese have 2 to 6 times the risk of developing hypertension even if they have no other risk factors.
- Exercise can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity, as well as help lower blood pressure.
- Alcohol Consumption: In small amounts alcohol acts as a vasodilator, this is good and usually occurs in 1-2 drinks. In large amounts it acts as a vasoconstrictor which is bad. The range this occurs is 3-4 drinks. This is a very fine line. Other risk factors that may contribute to a higher risk of heart disease is an individual’s response to stress, sex hormones, and the loss of natural estrogen as women age.
- About 2/3 of the people with diabetes die of some type of heart or blood vessel disease.
- How can you stop cardiovascular disease? The heart healthy diet is designed to decrease sodium, saturated fat, including trans fatty acids which are all closely linked to high blood cholesterol and an increased risk of heart disease. It also encourages the increased intake of monounsaturated fat, Omega 3 fatty acids and soluble fiber which helps to lower blood cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.
- Exercise can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity, as well as help lower blood pressure.
- Exercise can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity, as well as help lower blood pressure.