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1. Practical Research 2
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Introduction to Quantitative
Research

2. Practical Research 2– Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Introduction to Quantitative Research
First Edition, 2020
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3. Practical Research 2
Quarter 1 – Module :
Introduction to Quantitative
Research

4. Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Practical Research- 2 Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Introduction to Quantitative Research
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

5. For the learner:
Welcome to the Practical Research 2 -Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Introduction to Quantitative Research
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

6. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.

7. What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written to help you to be able to make a plan
that the community may use to conserve and protect its resources for future
generations. The learners will be able to:
1. Describe characteristics, Strength, weaknesses, and Kinds of
quantitative research (CS-RS12-Ia-c-1).
2. Illustrates the importance of quantitative research across fields (CS-
RS12-Ia-c-2).
3. Differentiates kinds of variables and their uses (CS-RS12-Ia-c-1).
Specific Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to
1. Appreciate the characteristics of quantitative research and its
application in real life.
2. Understand when to use quantitative research.
3. Identify the different variables.

8. Instruction:
Rearrange the letters to identify the different steps of the research process and give
its definition. Write your answer in Table 1.
Table 1: The research Process
Answer Definition
1 ORMLEBP
2 NCLCOUSION
3 OYTHESHPIS
4 ATDA LIAYSNAS
5 TELADRE ELITURERAT
6 DAAT CTILECOLON
7 CHRARESE SIDEGN
What I Know

9. Lesson
1
Qualitative Research
What’s In
The Research Process
Using the word answer in the previous activity, write down the steps of the
research cycle in order.
A. ____________________ B. ____________________
C. ____________________ D. ____________________
E. ____________________ F. ____________________
G. ____________________
Notes to the Teacher
This module will serve as a guide of the student to have a better
understanding of qualitative research.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Research
Cycle

10. What’s New
Man is naturally very inquisitive. We always want to observe thing in our
surroundings, may it be an event, a thing, a process, a tool and everything in our
life. And we also wanted to have answers or explanation to these things that occur
around us.
The food that we eat, clothes that we wear, computers that we use, medicines that
we need, all of these are developed through research. Research means to look (search)
again (re-). So, research is actually looking at thing again and again to understand
thing better, to look again to check misconceptions, to again to find another solution
to existing problems, or to look again to find something new.
Practical research 2 deals with quantitative research. Quantitative research is an
objective, systematic, empirical investigation and uses statistics to verify data,
relationships among variables, to come up with objective conclusion that can answer
the problem of the research ((Faltado,R.E., et.al,2016).
The following are the characteristics of quantitative research:
Give the description or definition of the characteristics of quantitative research in
Table 2.
Characteristics Description
1. Objective
2. Clearly defined Research Question
3. Structured Research Instrument
4. Numerical Data
5. Large Sample Size
6. Replication
7. Future Outcomes

11. What is It
Just like qualitative research, quantitative research also has its strengths
(advantages) and weaknesses (disadvantages).
Strength of Quantitative Research:
1. Objective. It means that it is not prone to misinterpretations since it
provides numerical data.
2. Statistical techniques. Statistics makes the vital characteristics of the
data easier to understand.
3. Easier analyses of numerical data. Using statistically valid random
models, findings can be generalized to the population.
4. Replicable. Study can be replicated in different areas or time with the
formulation of comparable findings.

12. Weaknesses of Quantitative Research:
1. Requires large number of respondents. Since in statistics, the larger the
sample the more accurate is the result.
2. Costly. More number of respondents, the greater will be the expenses.
3. Contextual information factors that may help interpret the differences in
the result is usually ignored.
4. Many information is hard to gather with the use of structured
instrument.
5. If not done properly and correctly, the data from the questionnaires
maybe incomplete or inaccurate. Some respondents do not take the
research seriously and only guess the answer.
There are different kinds of quantitative research. These are:
1. Descriptive Research
As its name implies, it describes the nature, characteristics and
components of the population or phenomenon and the frequency it occurs
in the said population.

13. 2. Correlational Research
It is the study of the relationship and extent of relationship between and
among variables. The causal reason underlying them may not be
investigated.
3. Evaluation Research
It studies or assess the effects, impacts or outcomes of practices, policies
and programs.
4. Survey Research
This is used to gather information from people or group of people by
choosing a representative group.
5. Causal-Comparative Research
This research type is also called ex post facto. It gets its conclusion by
studying events that occurred in the past and how it results to the present
condition.
6. Experimental Research
This studies the cause and effect relationship under conditions controlled
by the researcher.

14. What’s More
In research, it is very important to identify the different types of variable. Variables
may assume categorical or numerical values.
Make a report regarding the different types of variables, their uses and if possible,
examples.
Rubrics
5 4 3 2 1
Content Complete
idea and
with
important
details
Complete
idea with
little details
Complete
idea but
with no
details
Incomplete
idea, no
details
Not
applicable
Clarity Details are
present with
oneness of
thought
Details are
present with
slight
oneness of
thought
details are
present but
no oneness of
thought
Lacks details
with no
oneness of
thought
Very Vague
Timeliness Very much
applicable
for present
situation
applicable
for present
situation
Not much
applicable
in the
present
times
Outdated No longer
applicable

15. What I Have Learned
Enumeration: Answer the following questions.
A. Give three (3) characteristics of research.
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
B. List down three (3) kinds of quantitative research.
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
C. Give three (3) advantage of quantitative research over qualitative
research.
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
D. State three (3) advantage of qualitative research over quantitative
research.
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
E. List down three (3) variables in research.
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________

16. A. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of best answer.
_____ 1. A research design that studies earlier event to explain a present situation.
a. Correlational c. Descriptive
b. Ex post facto d. Evaluative
_____ 2. A design that finds relationship between variables.
a. Correlational c. Experimental
b. Ex post facto d. Evaluative
_____ 3. All are quantitative research EXCEPT
a. Evaluative c. Causal comparative
b. Historical d. Experimental
_____ 4. This studies the cause and effect relationship of variables under controlled
conditions and following the scientific method.
a. Experimental c. Ex post facto
b. Evaluative d. Survey
_____ 5. A research design used to gather information from groups or selected
population.
a. Experimental c. Ex post facto
b. Evaluative d. Survey
Assessment

17. _____ 6. This research design determines the impact of certain policies or event.
a. Experimental c. Ex post facto
b. Evaluative d. Survey
_____ 7. Quantitative research should not be biased.
a. Statistics c. Objective
b. Numerical d. Replicable
_____ 8. This is needed to have a reliable analysis.
a. Statistics c. Objective
b. Numerical d. Replicable
_____ 9. The form of data used in quantitative research
a. Statistics c. Objective
b. Numerical d. Replicable
_____ 10. It is also called the outcomes variable.
a. Independent variable c. Control variable
b. Dependent variable d. Moderator variable

18. B. True or False: Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is
false.
_____ 11. Empirical data is used to come up with a conclusion.
_____ 12. Longitudinal survey covers a long period of time.
_____ 13. Ex post facto is also called correlational research.
_____ 14. Quantitative research is costly because it will cover a long period of time.
_____ 15. The independent variable is affected by changes in the dependent variable.

19. Almost everything that we have and use in different fields
are products of
Research
Medicine
Food
Engineering
Education
Business
Agriculture
Home
Transport
Communication
Entertainment
Leisure
Robotics
Beauty and Health
And many more!!!

20. Write an essay that shows the importance of research in one’s life, community and
country. Give at least one example.
Rubrics
5 4 3 2 1
Content Complete
idea and
with
important
details
Complete
idea with
little details
Complete
idea but
with no
details
Incomplete
idea, no
details
Not
applicable
Clarity Details are
present with
oneness of
thought
Details are
present with
slight
oneness of
thought
details are
present but
no oneness of
thought
Lacks details
with no
oneness of
thought
Very Vague
Timeliness Very much
applicable
for present
situation
applicable
for present
situation
Not much
applicable
in the
present
times
Outdated No longer
applicable
Additional Activities

21. WHAT I KNOW
WHAT’S IN
ASSESSMENT
Answer Key
Answer Definition
1 ORMLEBP Problem Questions one would like
to answer
2 NCLCOUSION Conclusion Answers the Problem
3 OYTHESHPIS Hypothesis Educated guess
4 ATDA
LIAYSNAS
Data
Analysis
Statistics
5 TELADRE
ELITURERAT
Related
Literature
References, Prior
knowledge
6 DAAT
CTILECOLON
Data
Collection
Process of getting data
from the population
7 CHRARESE
SIDEGN
Research
Design
The plan to be followed by
the researcher
1.
Problem
2.
Related
literature
3.
Hypothesis
4.
Research
Design
5.
Data
collection
6.
Data
analysis
7.
Conclusion
1.
B
9.
B
2.
A
10.
B
3.
B
11.
F
4.
A
12.
T
5.
D
13.
F
6.
B
14.
F
7.
C
15.
F
8.
A

22. Whats New
What I have learned
Characteristics
Description
1.
Objective
It
seeks
accurate
measurement
and
analysis
with
no
bias.
2.
Clearly
defined
Research
Question
The
research
question
is
made
to
answer
the
problem.
3.
Structured
Research
Instrument
Data
with
measurable
characteristics
4.
Numerical
Data
Data
collected
are
numerical
and
can
be
used
in
statistics.
5.
Large
Sample
Size
It
needs
a
large
population
to
lessen
error.
6.
Replication
The
study
can
be
repeated
to
verify
correctness
of
the
result.
7.
Future
Outcomes
It
can
be
used
to
predict
future
results
A.
Give
three
(3)
characteristics
of
research.
1.
Objective,
with
defined
research
question,
structured
research
instrument,
numerical
data,
large
population
size,
replicable,
future
outcomes.
B.
List
down
three
(3)
kinds
of
quantitative
research.
Descriptive,
correlational,
evaluation,
survey,
causal-comparative,
experimental
C.
Give
three
(3)
advantage
of
quantitative
research
over
qualitative
research.
Replicable,
structured
instrument,
can
be
applied
to
other
situation/population,
statistical
analysis
D.
State
three
(3)
advantage
of
qualitative
research
over
quantitative
research.
More
economical,
can
get
causes
of
events,
can
find
unique
underlying
cause.
E.
List
down
three
(3)
variables
in
research.
Independent,
dependent,
moderator,
control,

23. References
Faltado, R.E., Bombita, M., Boholano, H, and Pogoy, A.. 201c. Practical Research 2
Quantitative Research. Lorimar Publishing Inc. pp. 1-12
CHEd Philippines. 2016. Teaching Guide for Senior High School
EARTH SCIENCE.
DepEd (2016). K to 12 Curriculum Guide. Earth Science
http://www.pt.armstrong.edu/wright/hlpr/text/3.1.variables.htm

24. For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Region III,
Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)
Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan
Telefax: (047) 237-2102
Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph