types&details

1. PORUKARA COLLEGE OF
EDUCATION
CHAMPAKULAM
Submitted to, Submitted by,
Ms.jeffy mary Jobin j pooyappallil

2. WELCOME

3. PROGRAMMED
INSTRUCTION

4. Introduction
• Programmed instruction is a
individualized instruction
• Content is broken up into small
units and presented in a series of
interactive frames

5. PROGRAMMED
INSTRUCTION
“Programmed instruction is a
systematic step by step self
instructional program aimed to ensure
the learning of stated behaviour”
-Edgar Dale

6. Characteristics
• Content is broken up into small & easy steps
• Frames are arranged sequentially
• Frequent response from pupil
• Immediate confirmation of right answer
• Learner is active
• Learner progress at his own pace
• Provision for continuous evaluation

7. PRINCIPLES
Principle of small steps
Principle of active responding
Principle of immediate confirmation
Principle of self pacing
Principle of student evalution

8. Types of Programmed
Instruction
 Linear programming
 Branched programming

9. Linear Programming
In linear frame small amount of
information is presented first
After providing the information there is
always a question
The learner proceeds through a straight
line until the whole information is learned
by learner
This is developed by B.F. Skinner

10. FRAME 2FRAME 1 FRAME 3

11. Branched Programming
Branched programming was developed by
Norman A Crowder
The learner within himself makes the decision
to adopt the instruction to his needs according
to his background of the subject.Hence its also
called intrinsic programming

12. MAIN FRAME 1 MAIN FRAME 1 MAIN FRAME 1
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME
REMEDIAL
FRAME

13. Techniques in branched
programming
Backward branching
Forward branching

14. Backward branching
 If the learner goes from the first frame
of the main stream to the second only if
he makes correct responds
If he makes an error he is lead to
remedial frame,where he is given some
help in understanding the concept then
directed to main frame

15. Forward Branching
• If learner makes correct response or
wrong response he will always going to
new frame
• If the response is wrong he is directed to
a remedial frame
• In Remedial frame all mistakes are
explained
• Then he proceeds to next frame

16. Advantages of Programmed Instruction
Pupil remain active throughout the
program
By feedback pupil can analyse hisher
answer
This can be used at anytime
Pupil can learn at his own pace

17. Limitations of programmed learning
Time consuming
Lack of motivation
The contact between teacher&student
gets eliminated
No freedom of choice

18. THANK YOU