In this slide, student will get an ideas -what is head injury and how to manage the patient with this situation

1. CARE OF PATIENT WITH
HEAD INJURY
SN FARAH JOANA KHAIRUDDIN
NEUROSURGERY
PPUKM

2. What Is a Head Injury?

3. What Causes a Head Injury?

4. FALL
SPORT INJURY

5. Major Types of Head Injuries
Hematoma - a collection, or clotting, of
blood outside the blood vessels.

6. Major Types of Head Injuries
 Hemorrhage is uncontrolled bleeding ( bleeding in the
space around your brain (SAH) /bleeding within your brain tissue
(ICB)).

7. Major Types of Head Injuries
Concussion is a brain injury that occurs when your brain
bounces against the hard walls of your skull.
The loss of function associated with concussions is temporary
but repeated concussions can eventually lead to permanent
damage (exp :- hockey , football)

8. Major Types of Head Injuries
Edema - swelling of the surrounding tissues, but it’s
more serious when it occurs in your brain.

9. Major Types of Head Injuries
Skull Fracture
Diffuse Axonal Injury
Does not cause bleeding but does
damage your brain cells.

10. Symptoms of a Head Injury
MINOR HEAD INJURY
 a headache
 lightheadedness
 a spinning sensation
 mild confusion
 nausea
 temporary ringing in the
ears
SEVERE HEAD INJURY
 a loss of consciousness
 seizures
 vomiting
 balance or coordination
problems
 serious disorientation
 an inability to focus the eyes
 abnormal eye movements
 a loss of muscle control
 a persistent or worsening
headache
 memory loss
 changes in mood

12. Assessment
Components of the neurologic assessment
should include:
 level of consciousness
 spontaneous movement and muscle tone
 pupil size and reactivity
 reflexes
 muscle tone and posturing
 respiratory pattern
 somatic complaints (typically communicated nonverbally)
 response to pain. (See Increased ICP: Early and late
indicators.)