The document discusses various types of car engines and components from 1950 to present. It begins by describing different engine types such as V6, V8, diesel and their uses. It then discusses developments in car models from 1900 to 1949 including modifications to engines and improvements in speed and emissions. The document also summarizes key components of cars like transmissions, suspensions, steering, oil, tires, fuel systems and how they work. Finally, it briefly touches on other topics like weight reduction, engine control units, air intake systems, braking systems, superchargers, turbos, exhaust and ignition systems.
1. 1950s-present Engines There are many types of said engines The types are as follows V6 engine V8 engine Diesel engines Certain “CID” or Cubic Inches Displacement engine Ex: 396 cid V8 Fuel Cell Ex: Hydrogen Engines Hybrid engines Electric engines Each one is used for different situations Some engines made for certain cars can help a certain car to do better performance “If Fiat was still building vehicles with eighteen different engines, in 1912 almost half of the vehicles produced were one of type “Zero”.” (Francesca Fauri3) http://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-engine-types-channel.htm
2. 1900-1949 Car models Since 110 years cars have been undergoing not only an evolution of mechanics, the outlook of them as well In this slide we see an antique of a car made exactly 70 years ago yet still looks new Though it is new you do not see a lot of them The engine itself was still going under many modifications The start up was slow Produce some harmful exhaust Top speed was 95mph Need to be replaced if broken http://www.volvoclub.org.uk/history/history_40s.shtml
3. Transmission There are two ways transmission is referred to: America: Transmission Europe: Gear box It is located behind the flywheel and clutch of the car While being almost idle, it can go to 900 rpm (Revolutions per minute), but can go to 7500rpm if up to speed. The transmission has a special gear to work The most basic type is the spur gear which has straight cut teeth and its parallel to the axis of the gears http://www.carbibles.com/transmission_bible.html
4. Suspension Suspension is something your car would be in need of because it keeps your car from shaking to pieces. If one were to go down a rough road without it your car will break one way or another What the suspension is can only be two things: Coil Springs Shock absorbers http://www.carbibles.com/suspension_bible.html
5. Steering Steering is a lot more complicated then one thinks At first its simple Turn the steering wheel The front tires move toward that side Whole car turns to that direction It goes beyond these three steps Now the steering wheel has four parts Steering wheel connects to steering system Which connects to the tracking rods They connect to the tie rods Finally they connect to the steering arms http://www.carbibles.com/steering_bible.html
6. Engine Oil Oil is another important thing about a car. The oil is the equivalent to blood in the body It goes into the “heart” of the car known as the engine The purpose of oil is to stop the metal surfaces from ever grinding and breaking each other apart from friction It also can clean the engine of chemicals and build ups http://www.carbibles.com/engineoil_bible.html
7. Tires There is some information about tires that most did not know. For example: Certain tires can heat up Some tires heat up according to the rate of temperature the have The ratings are: A, B, and C, A being highest C being lowest http://www.carbibles.com/tyre_bible.html
8. The Fuel and the Engine The fuel is what the engine needs to start running as most know The procedure for this is called the “Internal Combustion” This process is quite long: First takes the fuel and air and compresses both of them Then both ignite using a Spark Plug or Self-Ignition Next allow the explosion of combusting gasses to force the piston back Last expel the exhaust gas http://www.carbibles.com/fuel_engine_bible.html
9. Weight Reduction Weight Reduction is not required in a car. It is only used in motorsport competitions and those few who love to customized their cars There are only three things this add-on effects: Makes the car lighter in weight Increases acceleration and HP (Horse power) It also helps braking since it makes it easy to stop the car when it is lighter http://www.hondaclub.com/forum/articles/287-weight-reduction-overview-few-ideas.html
10. Engine Control Unit (ECU) Back then the ECU was not really a big thing Now a days if you like customize your car the ECU would do wonders for you The ECU is a computer that controls the air/fuel mixture so the catalytic converter could removed a lot of the pollution from the exhaust It also has the closed-loop control, which monitors outputs of a system to control the inputs to a system http://auto.howstuffworks.com/under-the-hood/trends-innovations/car-computer1.htm
11. Air intake system Another add-on used to make your car look cool and ran smooth This system is used to make the car breath faster while running This makes the car run faster and make the gas mileage greater then it was There are three different types of Air Intake Open Element car Air Intake system Sealed car air intake system Ram car air intake system http://www.streetbeatcustoms.com/airinsys2.html
12. Braking System Braking system is one of the more easier to understand kind of performance parts Its purpose is simple: Its used to slow the car wheel movement through friction. There are to types of systems which are important Cars with an ABS system Cars without an ABS system http://www.2carpros.com/how_does_it_work/brake_system.htm
13. Super Chargers Super chargers are one of three types of ways to really boost the HP of your car A Supercharger is like a turbo, but with out the turbo lag When you first install it, it can increase your cars HP by at least 200-250HP http://www.howstuffworks.com/supercharger.htm
14. Turbo A turbo system could become complicated if not well done, and this is how one looks like http://www.turbobygarrett.com/turbobygarrett/tech_center/turbo_tech101.html?#t101_1
15. Exhaust systems There are three main functions for an exhaust system: It takes the poisonous gas of the exhaust from the engine to the rear part of the car It quiets the engine sound while it is running Then it changes unspent fuel to spent fuel with the help of the catalytic converter The exhaust system contains many components: Exhaust manifold Exhaust pipe Catalytic converter Muffler Tail pipe http://www.2carpros.com/how_does_it_work/exhaust_system.htm
16. NA engines NA Engines or Naturally Aspirated Engines is not considered to be a turbo or a supercharger The NA engine is not really famous because it it generally cannot offer suitable Weight: Power ratio http://en.allexperts.com/e/n/na/naturally-aspirated_engine.htm
17. Ignition System The reason for this part is to create a spark that will create a spark that will ignite the fuel-air mixture in a cylinder Timing is an important factor and if timed wrong then the engine will run poorly or not at all. The ignition system has a high voltage spark plug that contains 20,000 volts to 50,000 volts. http://www.familycar.com/CLASSROOM/ignition.htm
18. Car Models (1950-Present) The 1950s was the time of the dream car era which made way for unexpected, unnatural, and unimaginable cars Examples are: 1962 Fisher Body Craftsman’s Guild Model 1967 Lamborghini Marzal 1967 Chrysler 300X Further on cars became more of a way to impress people by how it looks, and how fast it can run.
19. Car Models (1950-Present) Cont. Ever since the 1980s people were able to find creative ways to have fun with cars Now they aim to have the most beautiful and fast cars Some include Porsche Carrera GT Lamborghini Murcielago LP640 PaganiZonda F Jaguar XJ220 Ferrari Enzo McLaren F1 Koenigsegg CCX Saleen S7 Twin Turbo BugattiVeyron SSC Ultimate Aero
21. Car Body Kits Body kits are sort of an add-on to a car which is not required for it to run Its only purpose is to stylize the car in your own image Body kits include from car dealers of: Acura Audi BMW Ford Honda Mazda Nissan Subaru Toyota http://www.bodykits.com/
22. FR Layout FR car is a another way to say Front engine, Rear wheel drive. The lay out is as follows: The engine is put in the front part of the car as in most cars The way the car accelerates, the power and work is put in the rear set of wheels while the front end is used for turning the car only http://www.rearwheeldrive.org/rwd/rwdbenefits.htm
23. FF Cars FF cars also known as the “Front engine, Front wheel drive” cars are not very common They are not that popular as the FR or the 4WD cars, but they are still around Their layout is as follows: The engine is once again in the front part of the car The power however, is in the front two tires instead of the rear this time. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/1696147/advantages_and_disadvantages_of_frontwheel.html
24. 4WD Cars 4WD drive cars (or literteraly 4 Wheel Drive) or very popular in the Japanese import tuner Many like this type of car because of how fast this car can go and its limitless ways of modifications it can use There are two ways to describe this type of car: One is the regular 4WD which is not so good in going fast in a high speed corner and cannot drive in the snow or off-road The “AWD” (All Wheel Drive) is a full time 4WD and are made for all surfaces including pavement, snow, and the off-road http://auto.howstuffworks.com/four-wheel-drive.htm
25. Famous FR Cars Some Famous FR cars are as follows Mazda RX-7 FD3S Mazda RX-7 FC3S Mazda RX-8 Nissan Silvia S13 Nissan Silvia S14 Nissan Silvia S15 Nissan 350Z Z32 Nissan Skyline R32 Ford Mustang Flashback http://www.turbomagazine.com/features/0804_turp_1998_nissan_silvia_s15/index.html http://www.edmunds.com/mazda/rx7/review.html
26. Famous FF cars Most Famous FF cars are: Volkswagens Golf GTI Lancia Delta Rally Car Mitsubishi Eclipse GT Spyder Acura Integra Type-R Honda Civic EK9 Type-R Peugeot 206 Renault Clio V6
27. Famous 4WD cars Most famous 4WD cars are: Nissan Skyline GTR R32 Nissan Skyline GTR R33 Nissan Skyline GTR R34 Nissan GTR R35 Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution 1-10 Subaru Impreza WRX STI Audi R8 Lamborghini Gallardo http://www.rsportscars.com/nissan/2010-nissan-gtr-spec-v/
28. Illegal Side of Cars Though the years have pasted and gone, it has also taken effect on cars and for the worst. Started since 1932 people begin to race and have these races have been so dangerous that its banned Even so people still street race for the fun, thrill, being the best, and any other trivial matter http://www.mdwholesale.com/Illegal_street_racing.html VS.
29. Rally events Cars have become such a big part in everyday life that now they have come up with “Rally events” Rally events can take place anywhere around the world and any who finely tuned their cars may participate They take place on dirt roads and use cars only suited for the rough terrain http://www.rally-america.com/news/80/
30. In Culture Cars have also become so famous that they appear just about everywhere They appear on the streets, motorsport events, and now where they are well-known video games as well Some titles include: NFS Franchise Gran Turismo series Juiced series Forza Motorsport Driver Series Grand Theft Auto series Initial D Wangan Midnight shift.needforspeed.com/ www.gran-turismo.com/
Hinweis der Redaktion
This slide is useful as it shows examples of how the engine worked toward the future and how it has evolved When looking at engines the only real differences are in looks and HP (horse power)The slide only shows seven types of engines while as mentioned there are more then 18 types of enginesEach one is suited for types of different areasV6 is for just plain driving V8 is for heavy duty trucks like Chevy Silverado and help for construction jobs or any of that kind While all engines look the same to anybody, there are some major differences in it then out it
This slide is talking about the car models and how they were 50-60 years ago The engines in 1900s-1949 were very different from today’s but more info in other slide“Then the war came and the situation changed as if by magic. Sales ceased almost completely and the people who had been screaming loudest for deliveries started to send in cancellations. ”(Gabrielsson2)
While the names being different for Europe and America they are both put in the same spot If the car where to stay at a constant gear the Transmission would fail and would require to get a new one
The picture is depicting the spring on the shock absorber Some suspensions can help a car turn a sharp corner at 80mph
Much to how its complicated this explains the context of the steering not how it works While most believed it to be just one part, it really is spread to four atleast
At first many thought the purpose for oil was simply to clean up the engineIt can also clean the suspension of silica (silicon oxide) and any other acids
This slide talks about the types of tires The tires help a great deal of how good the car can steerThere are also some tires that could be hard of soft which will be explained more in the next slide
This talks about how the engine makes use of the fuels it getsThe procedure is more in depth then what is explained and its the most basic way of explaining it The spark plug it self could be explained more an just a way to help start the car
This talks about the Weight reduction system first used quite recently and stilled used today The picture depicts a light carbon hood in comparison to the heavier hood that it used to haveAlso the hood can also be used for show
The ECU is the most sophisticated type of equipment in a car and most be handled with careSome claim that the ECU can also make the car go faster while controlling the air/mixture of the car Most car fanatics use high level ECU systems to make their cars so fast in the Motorsport competitions they would have a huge lead
The Open air in take system gives you the ability to reused air filter, tube, and couplers that replace the factory components from the air box to the throttle body of the car Sealed car filters, require you to to change the stock filter and tubing along with the stock air box of the car Ram air intake system do not sell well because of the risk of water exposure and debris blockage.
The Braking systems can have greater effects depending on the level system you have. The brakes caused some cars to stop by the rear and, front end of all four of the heels
Superchargers sometimes come with the car ONLY if the person buying the car would want to install it. Though it does greatly increase the power and torque of the car, it could be dangerous and could heavily damage the engine if not careful.
These are the parts listed on the Picture Compressor Inlet Compressor Discharge Charge air cooler (CAC)Intake Valve Exhaust Valve Turbine Inlet Turbine
NA engines Also run the risk on polluting your engine a lot. NA engines not have the Weight to power ratio, but they also tend to have less power then that of a supercharger and a turbochargerAir or Fuel-air mixture is forced into the cylinders by natural atmospheric pressure upon the opening of the inlet valves
#10 – Porsche Carrera GT 205mph 0-60mph in 3.9 Seconds 612 HP $440,000.00#9 Lamborghini Murcielago LP640 – 211 mph 0-60 in 3.3 Seconds 612 HP $430,000#8 – PaganiZonda F 215 mph 0-60 in 3.5 seconds 650 HP $667,321#7 – Jaguar XJ220 217mph 0-60 in 3.8 seconds 542 HP $650,00#6 – Ferrari Enzo 217 mph 0-60 in 3.4 seconds 660 HP $670,000#5 – McLaren F1 240mph 0-60 in 3.2 seconds 627 HP $970,0004 – Koenigsegg CCX 245MPH 0-60 in 3.2 seconds 806HP $545,568 3 – Saleen S7 Twin-Turbo 248 MPH 0-60 in 3.2 seconds 750HP $ 555,0002 – BugattiVeyron 253MPH 0-60 in 2.5 seconds 1001HP $1,700,0001- SSC Ultimate Aero 257MPH 0-60 in 2.7 1183HP $654,400
FR cars are mostly famous due to the fact that they are the perfect car to do drifting maneuver sand are especially famous in the import tuner type of cars also due to their unnatural suspension and can go around tight corners at very high speeds.
Another reason that the Front engine, front wheel drive is not so popular is due to the fact that its only good use for this car is during rally events that are held around the world and it also lacks the physics to make a complete drift and it is much more complicated to maneuver a drift and requires careful execution in order to make a drift.
Mazda RX-7 FD3S and FC3S are classic cars used in the Japan Touge battles in the mountains. It uses a rotary engine and can use two turbo also called the Twin-Turbo. Nissan Silvia S13, S14, and S15 also famous for the only cars in Nissan to run a Rear wheel drive car and able to do easy drifts on the high speed corners of Japan.
Acura Integra Type-R is good with:High compression, low-friction piston High performance camshafts and valve gear Large throttle body and single-port intake manifold Hand-Polished intake and exhaust ports High volume induction and exhaust system
Nissan cars go for the fastest with these statistics 3799CC (Cubic inches) in engine displacement 480 BHP @ 6400 RPMTorque: 428 lb-ft @3200RPM
