1. The Vietnam War 1954 - 1975

3. Japan took control during World War II

6. Vietnam was divided at 17th parallel

7. Ho Chi Minh’s nationalist forces controlled the North

10. Diem’s family holds all power

11. Wealth is hoarded by the elite

12. Buddhist majority persecuted

13. Torture, lack of political freedom prevail

14. The U.S. aided Diem’s government

15. Ike sent financial and military aid

18. Increases military “advisors” to 16,000

19. 1963: JFK supports a Vietnamese military coup d’etat – Diem and his brother are murdered (Nov. 2)

22. Tonkin Gulf Incident  1964(acc. to Johnson, the attacks were unprovoked)

23. Tonkin Gulf Resolution

26. Body counts on TV every night (first “living room” war)

29. Operation Rolling Thunder (March 2, 1965)

30. 1966-68: Ongoing bombing of Hanoi nonstop for 3 years! Esp. targets the Ho Chi Minh Trail.

31. Downed Pilots: P.O.W.s

34. Farmers by day; guerillas at night.

35. Very patient people willing to accept many casualties.

36. The US grossly underestimated their resolve and their resourcefulness.The guerilla wins if he does not lose, the conventional army loses if it does not win. -- Mao Zedong

37. Who Is the Enemy?

39. The Tet Offensive, January 1968

41. Take every major southern city

42. U.S. + ARVN beat back the offensive

43. Viet Cong destroyed

44. N. Vietnamese army debilitated

48. Johnson’s popularity dropped in 1968 from 48% to 36%.

49. Impact of the Vietnam War Johnson announces (March, 1968): …I shall not seek, and I will not accept, the nomination of my party for another term as your President.

51. Severe racial problems.

52. Major drugproblems.

54. 200-500 unarmed villagers

57. Hell no, we won’t go!

58. Anti-War Demonstrations Student Protestors at Univ. of CA in Berkeley, 1968 Democratic Convention in Chicago, 1968

59. “Hanoi Jane” Jane Fonda: Traitor?

61. 4 students shot dead.

62. 11 students wounded

63. Jackson StateUniversity

64. May 10, 1970

65. 2 dead; 12 woundedKent State University

68. Appealed to the great “Silent Majority”

69. Vietnamization

70. Expansion of the conflict  The “Secret War”

71. Cambodia

72. Laos

74. Docs. Govt. misled Congress & Amer. People regarding its intentions in Vietnam during mid-1960s.

75. Primary reason for fighting not to eliminate communism, but to avoid humiliating defeat.

77. North Vietnam attacks South

78. Most Massive U.S. bombing commences

79. 1973: Ceasefire signed between

80. U.S., South Vietnam, & North Vietnam

83. 1975: North Vietnam defeats South Vietnam

85. The Fall of Saigon April 30, 1975 America Abandons Its Embassy

86. The Fall of Saigon North Vietnamese at the Presidential Palace

87. A United Vietnam Formerly Saigon

88. The Costs 3,000,000 Vietnamese killed 58,000 Americans killed; 300,000 wounded Under-funding of Great Society programs $150,000,000,000 in U.S. spending U.S. morale, self-confidence, trust of government, decimated

90. Nixon abolished the draftall-volunteer army

91. War Powers Act, 1973٭

92. President must notify Congress within 48 hours of deploying military force

93. President must withdraw forces unless he gains Congressional approval within 90 days

94. Disregard for Veterans  seen as “baby killers”

96. 2,583 American POWs / MIAsstill unaccounted for today.

97. Andin the End…. Ho Chi Minh: If we have to fight, we will fight. You will kill ten of our men and we will kill one of yours, and in the end it will be you who tires of it.

98. Lessons for FutureAmerican Presidents Wars must be of short duration. Wars must yield few American casualties. Restrict media access to battlefields. Develop and maintain Congressional and public support. Set clear, winnable goals. Set deadline for troop withdrawals.

99. The Vietnam Memorial, Washington, D.C.

100. Memorial to US Servicemen in Vietnam

101. Memorial to US Nurses in Vietnam

102. 58,000

103. President Clinton formally recognized Vietnam on July 11, 1995

104. Where Were Youin the War, Daddy? This war haunts us still!

105. AND TODAY…..The “Light” at the End of This Tunnel? 2003 to ?: “Operation Iraqi Freedom”1700+ dead and counting…?

106. Another Vietnam? OR A transformation of the Middle East? Only time & history can tell!

108. Compton’s Encyclopedia 2000 Deluxe, Broderbund, 1999.

109. The Americans, McDougal Littell, 1998

110. A myriad of web sites on the internet