This presentation is a 5 minutes summary presentation for a policy critique paper on the Carbon Capture and Sequestration Regulatory Framework of the IEA.

1. “How Effective is the IEA’s Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Regulatory Framework?”
A Critique of the Global Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions from
Fossil Fuel Industries Protection
JENKINS
DIVO
MACEDO,
M.A.
IDSC
M.S.
Cand.,
Environmental
Science
and
Policy
2014
What
is
the
Carbon
Capture
and
Storage/
SequestraAon?
CCS
is
a
process
where
CO2
from
a
sta@onary
source
is
captured,
transported,
and
permanently
sequestered,
typically
in
underground
forma@ons.
Why
the
CCS
Framework?
“Carbon
capture
and
sequestra@on
(CCS)
has
long
been
touted
as
a
poten@ally
cri@cal
means
for
reducing
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissions
from
carbon-­‐intense
industrial
sources”
(Campopiano
and
Henderson,
2013).
Source: WRI 2012
April
25,
2013

2. Merits
of
the
CO₂
SequestraAon
q
The
sequestra@on
of
CO2
enhances
oil
reserve
recovery
(EOR)
by
30-­‐60%
or
more
than
conven@onal
systems.
q
Sulfur
deriva@ves
captured
through
the
CCS
system
can
be
used
for
manufacturing
fer@lizers.
q CCS
and
Federal
Safe
Drinking
Water
Act
(SDWA)
>
EPA’s
Class
VI
well
injec@on
systems.
Demerits
of
the
CO₂
SequestraAon
q
High
cost
associated
with
CCS
technology
comparable
with
non-­‐CCS
technologies.
q
Economic
depression
impacts
CCS
development.
q
Diversion
of
climate
change
and
government
policies
towards
“fits
and
starts” regulatory
approaches.
q The
developing
carbon
based
markets
induce
some
uncertainty
over
the
carbon
price,
raising
ques@ons
of
viability
of
the
value
of
carbon
credits.
q
The
lack
of
effec@ve
data
collec@on
methodology
for
effec@ve
and
reliable
CO2
sequestra@on
report.
q
Environmental
protec@on
regula@on
such
as
the
Clean
Air
Art,
Na@onal
Environmental
Policy
Act,
and
the
California
Environmental
Quality
Act
present
regulatory
challenges
to
CCS.
q
Decreasing
governmental
incen@ves.
q
Public
distrust
of
CCS
technology
and
effec@veness.

3. Ramifica@on
of
CCS
Development
q
Reduced
cost
of
CCS
technologies
q
Concurrent
environmental
regulatory
programs
should
be
less
restric@ve
of
CCS
programs.
q
Provision
of
incen@ves
for
the
usability
of
CCS
technologies.
q
The
development
of
effec@ve
and
reliable
data
collec@on
and
processing
methodologies.
q
Increase
public
awareness
through
educa@on
to
reduce
s@gma@za@on
associated
with
CCS
technologies.
q
Introduce
cap
and
trade
system/
carbon
price
to
enhance
effec@ve
regula@on.
Lessons
Learned
from
this
Cri@cal
Research
q
The
CCS
approach
is
purely
base
on
the
cost-­‐
benefit
analy@cal
framework
to
enhance
the
global
economy
by
con@nuously
inves@ng
in
the
fossil
fuel
energy
industries.
q
It
is
more
of
an
economic
decision
than
environmental.
q
There
are
lots
of
research
done
about
the
promising
aspira@ons
of
CCS
programs,
but
very
li`le
its
environmental
consequences.
q
The
IEA
thinks
fossil
fuel
is
not
going
to
be
depleted
for
a
long
@me,
thus
why
not
consume
more
and
try
reducing
our
ecological
footprint?
q
CCS
is
just
another
regulatory
framework
to
promote
the
con@nuous
burning
of
fossil
fuel
in
order
to
maintain
the
status
quo,
while
reducing
new
CO2
emissions
into
the
Earth’s
atmosphere.
q
Do
we
want
to
really
go
this
way?