RDFa: introduction, comparison with microdata and microformats and how to use it
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Presentation for the course 'XML and Web Technologies' of the IT4BI Erasmus Mundus Master's Programme. Introduction, motivation, target domain, schema, attributes, comparing RDFa with RDF, comparing RDFa with Microformats, comparing RDFa with Microdata, how to use RDFa to improve websites, how to extract metadata defined with RDFa, GRDDL and a simple exercise.
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RDFa: introduction, comparison with microdata and microformats and how to use it
- 1. RDFa: Resource Description Hiroshi Leon Navid Mahlouji Framework Jose Luis Lopez Pino in attributes
- 2. Agenda 1 Introduction 2 Target domain 3 This is an example text. Go ahead and replace it Schema 4 Attributes 5 Comparing RDFa 6 Using RDFa
- 3. Introduction o Internet grows fast o (X)HTML is a good standard to present data for human o We need machine-readable data o Solution: user attributes in XML o Semantic web: gives a structure to the massive data available on Internet.
- 4. Introduction Problem Solution 1 • Internet grows fast 2 • Use attributes in • (X)HTML is a good XML. standard to present • Semantic web: data for humans. gives a structure to • But we need the massive data machine-readable available on Internet data
- 5. Target domain Once the data is structured, it is more useful for the computer programs, that can use it efficiently.
- 6. Schema Validation Templates <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <html 1xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=“http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/SCHEMA/xhtml-rdfa-2.xsd" 2 lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <head> <title>Virtual Library</title> </head> <body> <p>Moved to <a href="http://example.org/">example.org</a>.</p> </body> </html>
- 7. Attributes • About 1 • Rel and rev • Src, href and resource • Property • Content • Datatype • Typeof • Vocab
- 8. Attributes: property <html> <head> ... </head> <body> 1 ... <h2 property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/title">The Trouble with Bob</h2> <p>Date: <span property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/created">2011- 09- 10</span> </p> ... </body>
- 9. Attributes: vocab <html> <head> ... </head> <body vocab="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"> 1 ... <h2 property="title">The Trouble with Bob</h2> <p>Date: <span property="created">2011-09-10</span></p> ... <p>All content on this site is licensed under <a property="http://creativecommons.org/ns#license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"> a Creative Commons License</a>. ©2011 Alice Birpemswick.</p> </body> </html>
- 10. Attributes: resource <body vocab="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"> ... <div resource="/alice/posts/trouble_with_bob"> <h2 property="title">The trouble with Bob</h2> <p>Date: <span property="created">2011-09-10</span></p> 1 <h3 property="creator">Alice</h3> ... </div> ... <div resource="/alice/posts/jos_barbecue"> <h2 property="title">Jo's Barbecue</h2> <p>Date: <span property="created">2011-09-14</span></p> <h3 property="creator">Eve</h3> ... </div> ... </body>
- 11. Attributes: typeof <div vocab="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" typeof="Person"> <p> <span property="name">Alice Birpemswick</span>, Email: <a property="mbox" href="mailto:alice@example.com">alice@example.com</a>, Phone: <a property="phone" href="tel:+1-617-555-7332">+1 617.555.7332</a> </p> 1 <ul> <li property="knows" typeof="Person"> <a property="homepage" href="http://example.com/bob/"><span property="name">Bob</span> </a> </li> <li property="knows" typeof="Person"> <a property="homepage" href="http://example.com/eve/"><span property="name">Eve</span> </a> </li> <li property="knows" typeof="Person"> <a property="homepage" href="http://example.com/manu/"><span property="name">Manu</span> </a></li> </ul></div>
- 12. Comparing RDFa RDF Microformats Microdata
- 13. Comparing RDFa with RDF RDF - Abstract representation of the data. Triple - Subject- predicate-object. - It can be shown as a graph. RDFa express RDF data within XHTML.
- 14. Comparing RDFa RDF Microformats Microdata - Abstract - Very popular. - Custom representation of - Predefined. vocabularies. the data. - Limitations: • Identifying - Simpler than - Subject- resources. RDFa. predicate-object. • Typed literal properties. - Lack of support, - It can be shown • More than one features and as a graph. type per evolution. RDFa express resource. RDF data within XHTML. Same purpose: make the webpages readable for computers. In the same way: using tags in the HTML document.
- 15. Using RDFa Agenda Extracted Improving websites embedded Exercise data
- 16. Improving websites Define metadata with RDFa Google index it Rich search Other examples: results • Central Office of Information of the UK: job vacancies • GoodRelations: e-commerce
- 17. Extracting RDFa Browser GRDDL • Extract data compatible with RDF. • Define transformations in a stylesheet. Example Parsing RDFa • RDFa available for BBC programmes • Parse it with rdfquery • Use it to stream music from Spotify
- 21. THANK YOU!