1. FACE NEGOTIATION
THEORY
(FNT)

2. Was developed by
Ms. Stella Ting-Toomey.

3. FNT ..…
explains how people from different cultures handle conflict
(Ting-Toomey, 2005).
It assumes that all
cultures try to maintain
face and negotiate
face.

4. is defined as the difference of values, expectations,
processes , and outcomes between two or more parties
over relational issues (Ting-Toomey and Kurogi, 1998)
CONFLICT

5. What…………….
are the social behaviors of Face
Negotiation Theory
Face is the image we see ourselves in our
culture ,and how we want others to see us (Ting-
Ting- Toomey and Kurogi, 1998) .
Face work is the verbal and non-verbal ways
people promote to protect face (Ting-Toomey and
Kurogi, 1998).

7. Who

8. Why is FaCe
NeGoTiATiON
ThEoRY………………
important in communication studies ?

9. So What……
If we know the culture’s social behavior,
we can probably predict the conflict style
………..Individualist………………….
Collectivist………………

10. The United States is considered an Individualist culture
Primarily concern with their own interest/self face
(Ting Toomey, 2003).

11. Japanis an example of a Collectivistic culture
Willing to give priority to the group over their own personal goals
(Oetzel and Ting-Toomey, 2003).

12. What is the
Problem?
Culture –general predictors varied
across cultural groups.
Theory is in its beginning stage of
development.
More studies needed.
(Oetzel and Ting-Toomey, 2003)

13. When dealing with conflict, be mindful of
the other person’s communications
style, and try to change your approach
so that it’s a win win for everyone.
Let’s start doing this today!
Are we ALL IN?

14. References
Oetzel, J. G., & Ting-Toomey, S. (2003). Face Concerns in
Interpersonal Conflict A Cross-Cultural Empirical Test of
the Face Negotiation Theory. Communication Research,
30(6), 599-624
Ting-Toomey, S. (2005). “Identity negotiation theory: Cross
cultural boundaries”. Theorizing about intercultural
communication,211- 233.
Ting-Toomey, S., & Kurogi, A. (1998). Facework
competence in intercultural conflict: An updated face-
negotiation theory. International Journal of Intercultural
Relations, 22(2), 187-225.