1. Domain & Shared Hosting

2. Domain
A domain name is essentially the address of a person or an
organization on the Internet. It is where other people can find
you on line, and can also become your online identity.
For example, businesses typically register domain names with
their company name and sometimes also register their product
names. Individuals often register family names or other names
that have personal meaning.
•TLD(Top Level Domain)(.com, . net, .org)
•ccTLDs (Country Code Top Level Domain)(.kw, DE, .CN, .JP,
and .UK)

3. What is a domain name and how does it work?
 Every computer on the public Internet has a unique numeric
address—similar to the uniqueness of a telephone number—
which is a string of numbers that is difficult for most people to
remember. This string is called the “IP address.” IP stands for
“Internet Protocol.”
 To make it easier to find a given location on the Internet, the
Domain Name System, or DNS, was invented. The DNS
translates IP addresses into unique alphanumeric addresses
called domain names that are easier to remember. If, for
example, you would like to visit the ICANN website, would you
rather remember the IP address 192.0.34.163, or type
“www.icann.org”? By associating a familiar string of letters—the
domain name—with an IP address, the DNS makes it much
easier for Internet users to remember websites and email
addresses. In the example above, the “icann.org” part of the
address is called the domain name. The “www.” part identifies to
your browser that you are looking for the World Wide Web

4.  Domain names can also be used to send email. Whether you
are sending business or personal communications, you want to
be certain that your message is directed to the intended
addressee.
 The DNS works in a similar way. Both the domain name and the
IP address behind it are unique. The DNS enables your email to
reach the intended recipient (guide2dns@icann.org, for
example) and not someone else with a similar domain name. It
also enables you to type ww.icann.org,” without having to enter
a lengthy IP address, and get to the right website. Without this
uniqueness, both the DNS and the telephone systems would be
less predictable and reliable.
 A domain name can remain unchanged even if a website is
moved to a different host computer or server because the DNS
can be told to point an existing domain name to a new IP
address. This is just like a household or a business moving its
location—the family or business name stays the same, even if
the street address changes.

5. ICANN
 The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
(ICANN)is a nonprofit private organization headquartered in Los
Angeles, California, United States, that was created on
September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998
to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously
performed directly on behalf of the U.S. government by other
organizations, notably the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
(IANA), which ICANN now operates.
 ICANN is responsible for the coordination of the global Internet's
systems of unique identifiers and, in particular, ensuring its
stable and secure operation. This work includes coordination of
the Internet Protocol address spaces (IPv4 and IPv6) and
assignment of address blocks to regional Internet registries, for
maintaining registries of Internet protocol identifiers, and for the
management of the top-level domain name space (DNS root
zone), which includes the operation of root name servers.

6. Shared Hosting
A shared web hosting service refers to a web hosting service
where many websites reside on one Web Server connected to
the Internet. Each site "sits" on its own partition, or section/place
on the server, to keep it separate from other sites.
Shared hosting typically uses a web-based control panel system,
such as cPanel, DirectAdmin, Plesk, InterWorx, H-Sphere or one
of many other control panel products.
In shared hosting, the provider is generally responsible for
managing servers, installing server software, security updates,
technical support, and other aspects of the service. Most servers
are based on the Linux operating system and LAMP (software
bundle), which is driven by the reliability and security of open
source software such as Linux and Apache (the 'L' and 'A' of
LAMP).

7.  Understanding DNS and Name Servers
DNS stands for "Domain Name Server." The domain name
server acts like a large telephone directory and in that it's the
master database, which associates a domain name such as
(http://www.mydomain.com) with the appropriate IP number.
Consider the IP number something similar to a phone number:
When someone calls http://www.mydomain.com, your ISP looks
at the DNS server, and asks "how do I contact
http://www.mydomain.com '?" The DNS server responds, for
example, it can be found at: 216.198.221.66. As the Internet
understands it, this can be considered the phone number for the
server, which houses the http://www.mydomain.com web site.
When you register/purchase your domain name on a particular
"registrars name server", your DNS settings are kept on their
server, and in most cases point your domain to the Name Server
of your hosting provider. This Name Server is where the IP
number (currently associated with your domain name) resides.

8.  Features
• This is generally the most economical option for hosting, as many
people share the overall cost of server maintenance.
• The hosting service must include system administration since it is
shared by many users; this is a benefit for users who do not want to
deal with it.

9. Thank You!!