7. Copper Cable is
Limited
Coax, Audio Cables, Data Cables, etc.
–Many large, heavy cables are difficult to set up
and “wrangle.”
•One cable per function
•Each is different type
–Limited Bandwidth & Distance
–EMI, RFI, Crosstalk & Hum
–Expensive to ship
–Fragile
7
8. Fiber is the Answer
Fiber Optic Cabling
One small, lightweight cable does it all
Multiple fiber conductors
Multiplexing (TDM, FDM, WDM )
Unlimited Bandwidth & Distance
Immune to EMI, RFI, Crosstalk,
Hum & Rogue Electrons
Electrically isolating – Eliminates
ground loop problems
8
13. Fiber transports any signal that needs to
be moved, with virtually unlimited
bandwidth
M ultiple signals of multiple types can be
multiplexed (mixed) and sent in any direction on
the same fiber strand. –Intercom
HD/SDI Video
–RTS, Clear-Com, or 4-wire
SD/SDI Video
–GPI/Tally
Analog Video
Genlock/Sync –Camera Control
Analog Audio –Time Code
AES Audio
–RF/L-Band
Data (RS232/422/35)
–Ethernet (10/100/GigE)
13
14. How Does Fiber Optics
Work?
Transmitter: converts an electrical analog or digital signal
into an optical signal.
If analog, the light source modulates.
If digital, it flashes really fast!
More robust transmission in digital.
Fiber cable: consists of one or more glass fibers, which act
as waveguides for the optical signal.
Receiver: The converts the optical signal back into a
replica of the original electrical signal.
Fiber Out
Fiber In
TX
Video In RX
Video Out
14
15. More than one signal!
• Electronic Multiplexing VIDEO INPUT
– Combines multiple signals digitally, _ MULTIPLEXOR
converts to a single wavelength AUDIO 1 IN GND
+
FIBER
_
• Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) AUDIO 2 IN OUT
GND
+
• Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) IN
RELAY
RELAY IN
– Example: Telecast’s 5142 DATA IN (+)
• combines 1 video, 4 audios, DATA IN (- )
1 data, 1 GPI electronically.
• Wave Division Multiplexing
– Optically combining several
wavelengths of light
– Passive process - combines and
decombines light (like a prism)
15
16. Reducing the Fiber Count
• Electronic Multiplexing VIDEO INPUT
– Combines multiple signals digitally, _ MULTIPLEXOR
converts to a single wavelength AUDIO 1 IN GND
+
FIBER
_
• Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) AUDIO 2 IN OUT
GND
+
• Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) IN
RELAY
RELAY IN
– Example: Telecast’s 5122 DATA IN (+)
• combines 1 video, 2 audios, DATA IN (- )
1 data, 1 GPI electronically.
• Wave Division Multiplexing
– Optically combining several
wavelengths of light
– Passive process - combines and
decombines light (like a prism)
16
17. Reducing the Fiber Count :
Wave Division
Multiplexing
• WDM - 2 channels
• Coarse WDM (CWDM) – 4, 8 or 16
channels
22 Channel WDM 4-Channel CWDM 8-Channel CWDM
1300, 1550 nm 1511, 1531, 1551 & 1571 nm 1471, 1491, 1511, 1531, 1551,
1571, 1591 & 1611 nm
Also on the market (not from Telecast):
•Dense WDM (DWDM) - >16 channels
–very expensive, temperature sensitive, mainly Telcos
17
28. What Your Fibered Venue Must
Have
Singlemode Fiber
Standard Telecomm type Yellow jacket
Easy ST connectors Avoid Hybrid
Wire/fiber
Central patching area
AC Power
Someone to take responsibility
for it
28
32. SHED / HDX for SMPTE Cameras
Average Overall Optical Budget of 10 dB (dependent on camera/CCU specifications)
Two Strands of Single Mode Fiber
(Infrastructure or Tactical Cable)
32
35. HD & SDI Digital Sports
Production
Dual Camera Requirements
35
36. HD & SDI Digital Sports
Production
Many Signals Required
HD/SDI Video
Return Video Composite or Lum
Tri Level Sync/Genlock
Camera Control
Composite Video
Tally
Intercom
Audio 1 (mic/line
Audio 2 (mic/line)
Time Code
Time Code
IFB / Audio Rack/Video Village/
Camera Audio Mixer
Prompter Video
36
42. Camera-Mounted Fiber-Optic
System
•Camera
•Camera
Multiplexer
Multiplexer
•All Camera
•All Camera
Signals on one or
Signals on one or
two Fiber
two Fiber
Conductors
Conductors
Copperhead
42
43. Camera-Mounted Fiber-Optic
System
Three basic elements :
Three basic elements :
Camera unit – a fiber-optic
Camera unit – a fiber-optic
transceiver that mounts to
transceiver that mounts to
high-end broadcast video
high-end broadcast video
cameras
cameras
Base station - rack mounted
Base station - rack mounted
transceiver that mounts easily
transceiver that mounts easily
in a truck, rack, or studio
in a truck, rack, or studio
control room.
control room.
Fiber spool – a length of fiber-
Fiber spool – a length of fiber-
optic cable that connects the
optic cable that connects the
two transceivers
two transceivers
Copperhead
43
44. Camera-Mountable Fiber Optic
System
Available with
• IDX “V” Mount
• Anton Bauer
•Camera Multiplexer • PAG
•All Camera Signals on one Fiber Cable 44
45. Camera-Mounted Fiber-Optic
System
“CopperHead”
• Camera Multiplexer
• Sandwich M ount
• All Camera Signals
on one or two Fiber
Conductors
• High Performance
NAB 2001:
• Affordable CopperHead Awarded
"Pick of Show" by
DigitalTV Magazine
45
46. CopperHead
Transporting ALL Signals necessary for
Multi-Cam Camcorder Production over two strands of fiber
HD/SDI Video
Return Video Composite or Lum
Tri Level Sync/Genlock
Camera Control
Composite Video
Tally
Intercom
Audio 1 (mic/line
Audio 2 (mic/line)
CopperHead Time Code Base
Camera Unit Time Code Station
IFB / Audio
Prompter Video
46
47. Base Station Connections
HD HD Down A: CMPST/Y/G
Converted B: CMPST/Y/U/B
RGB/YRB/or C: CMPST/C/V/R
Composite
DownConverter
INTERCOM
RETURN
INPUT CAMERA REMOTE
A B A
C
B C SDI OUT Option
AUDIO
AUDIO 1 OUT AUDIO 2 OUT PUSH PUSH
12
-18 MAIN SDI/HD SDI/ HD VIDEO OUT VIDEO
VDC
INPUT INPUT
TALLY RS
/ -232 A B A B A B C Down
POWER
LEVEL Converted
OPTICAL INTERFACE AUDIO
MIC LINE CONTROL AND DATA RET
VIDEO IN LOOP 75Ω
GEN
LOCK IN LOOP 75Ω PGM/ AUX VIDEO OUT SDI
-12
RETURN VIDEO SOURCE
Sync
ADAP
Generator
02 : 12 : 22 : 27 Time Code
Gen/Readr
NTSC or NTSC or NTSC or
"Y" "Y" "Y"
4 Wire Intercom Interface
47
48. Connected by Tactical Fiber
Cable
• Battlefield Rated
• Military Spec
• Can be bent
• Can be crushed
• Can Be driven over:
-Trucks, Dollies, Cranes
• Tougher than triax, coax
or wire cables
48
49. Tactical Fiber Cable Elements
Core Locked Polyurethane
Jacket
Optical Fiber
Acrylate Fiber Coating
Color Coded 900µm
Tight Buffer
“TAC-2” - 2 Fiber cable Armored Kevlar Fiber
Strength Member
Also Available in TAC-1, TAC-4, TAC-6, and TAC-12
49
55. Power Plus
I
HD/SD IN
VI O
2 IN DE
AUDIO
RN
RETU OUT
AUD
RET O
OUT VIDE
BLACK UT
ET RST O
HEADS BU
RA
CAME
TE
REMO
Copperhead
55
56. Power Plus
“Hybrid SMPTE” fiber
2 Single Mode Fiber Optic lines
2 Copper power lines HD/SD IN
O DEO
AUDIVI
2 IN
RN T
I
AUDRETU U
RETT DEO O
2 Copper “control” lines I
OUVI
DSET
HEABUR
ST
K
BLAC OUT
HD/SD IN
Not as rugged: treat like triax AUDIO
VI O
2 IN DE
RE MO
TE ME
CA
RA
RN
RETU OUT
AUD
RET O
OUT VIDE
BLACK UT
ET RST O
HEADS BU
REMO
TE
CAME
RA
Carries 200W of peak power
Up to 150W each of 12V or 24V
Distance limited to 2km
Copperhead
56
60. Fiber Terminology:
Multimode vs. Single Mode
Multimode: – Labeled 50/125 or
62.5/125
• The “first” fiber optic
cables: early 1970’s
• Thicker diameter: 50 or
62.5 microns
• Most common in older,
established – Light travels down
infrastructures for data Multiple Paths
LANS, Rings, etc. (bounces)
• Does NOT mean it
carries multiple signals.
Both MM & SM do that!
60
61. Fiber Terminology:
Multimode vs. Single Mode
– Labeled 8/125
Single Mode:
• Came later: late 1980’s
• Skinnier diameter: 8
microns
• Less loss = more
bandwidth – Light travels directly
• High def (big down a Single path
bandwidth) requires
Single Mode for longer
than 500 feet.
61
62. This is not a Tough
Decision...
TWO 32-CHANNEL AUDIO PAIR CABLES
vs.
99% Weight Savings
62
63. Venues using Telecast
Fiber
Augusta National
Baltimore Ravens Stadium Philadelphia Phillies Oregon
Bradley Center, Milwaukee Philadelphia Flyers/Sixers Oregon State
Broncos' Stadium, Denver Portland Trailblazers Penn State
Carolina Hurricanes Shea Stadium Stanford
Conseco Fieldhouse, Indiana Yankees Stadium Texas A&M
Coors Field, Denver
Texas Tech
Core States Center
South Carolina
Dallas Cowboys College Stanford
Daytona Speedway Alabama
Minute Maid Park, Houston Tennessee
Arkansas
Ericsson Stadium, Panthers Texas
BYU
Fenway Park, Boston Utah
Central Florida
Firstar Center, Cincinnati Washington
Florida State
Gillette Stadium, Patriots Wisconsin
Illinois
Gund Arena, Cleveland Vanderbilt
Iowa
Houston Livestock Show & Rodeo Virginia Tech
Kansas State
Jacobs Field, Cleveland
Maryland
Keil Center, St. Louis
Lambeau Field, Green Bay Michigan
Michigan State Also
Las Vegas Motor Speedway
Missouri White House
Madison Square Garden, NY
Nebraska U.S. Senate
Metrodome, Minneapolis
Mighty Ducks, Anaheim North Carolina State U.S. House of Reps
Padre's Stadium, San Diego Ohio State Pentagon
Pepsi Center– Denver Oklahoma State FBI
63
64. Fiber Connectors:
ST • STs, LCs, and SCs: LC
– Pre-terminated or field terminatable
– Easy-to-use field termination kits exist
• Practice makes perfect
• Harsh Environment Connectors
– “MX” Connector – Expanded Beam
SC
• “Hybrid” Connectors
MX
– Copper and Fiber
• Provide Electrical and Optical connections
• Not as reliable, as the two materials have
different properties
SMPTE “Hybrid” – Expansion/Contraction in extreme temps 64
65. Connections: Flat Polish
• ST, SC, LC, SMPTE Hybrid ST LC
• Criticial Alignment – butted
together at 8 Microns!
• Can fail if dirt or dust gets
in the way or scratches the
surface SMPTE “Hybrid”
65
66. Connections: Expanded Beam
• Alignment not so critical
• Less susceptible to dirt
or dust in the path
• Lenses never touch, so
dirt doesn’t scratch the MX Connector
surface. Cleans easily!
66
