1. From “Shelter” to New Safe
Confinement
A. Gora
Deputy General Director for Personnel
Management
SSE “Chernobyl NPP“, Ukraine

2. Commissioning
Turbine Hall
Sight on
turbogenerators
TG-1,2
Development of established ChNPP capacities:
September 26, 1977 – Unit 1 was commissioned
December 21, 1978 – Unit 2 was commissioned
December 3, 1981 – Unit 3 was commissioned
December 21, 1983 – Unit 4 was commissioned
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3. Accident of April 26, 1986
Accident at Chernobyl NPP
Unit 4 occurred on April,
26, 1986 at 01:23:40 a.m.
(Moscow time)
It was possible to stop
active release of radioactive
substances from destroyed
reactor only in the end of
May, 1986
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4. Accident of April 26, 1986
The rate of gamma-radiation dose
was up to 2,000 R/h (20 Sv/h) and
mainly was determined by
radiation from reactor breakdown
itself, inside of which measurable
values of dose rate amounted to
50,000 R/h (500 Sv/h).
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5. Creation of Shelter Object
• Designing of protective sarcophagus
(Shelter) commenced on May 20,
1986;
• Construction lasted 206 days and
nights from June to November 1986.
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6. New Safe Confinement Creation (NSC)
In 2012 it is planned to start production of steel
constructions of NSC Arch.
Milestones for NSC creation:
• Foundations construction completion – May, 2013.
• Main Arch construction assembly – November, 2014.
• NSC Commissioning – October, 2015.
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7. ChNPP Units shutdown
Chernobyl NPP Unit 3 was finally shutdown on December 15,
2000 at 13:17 according to the Decree of the President of
Ukraine. Plant stopped power generation.
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8. ChNPP Units shutdown
Before the accident Chernobyl NPP generated 150.2 billion kW/h .
After the accident – 158.6 billion kW/h.
In total it was generated 308.8 billion kW/h.
Shelter Unit 3 Unit 2 Unit 1
Object
1983÷1986 1981÷2000 1978÷1991 1977÷1996
Chernobyl NPP site from satellite
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9. STRESS-TEST
In 2011 the Chernobyl NPP, the first among Ukrainian NPPs, performed
the targeted unscheduled safety assessment of ChNPP nuclear facilities
by its own forces taking into consideration the events at Fukushima 1 NPP
(stress-test).
The full-scale emergency trainings including personnel actions in case of
accident and examination of the capabilities of emergency response units
were conducted.
Safety Improvement Plan for ChNPP facilities was developed:
• control, collection and return system for ISF-1 leakages was created;
• conditions enabling to connect a mobile diesel generator for ISF-1
consumers were created, tests were carried out;
• it is planned to conduct psychological training of personnel aimed at
increasing resistance to psychological stress, development of endurance,
self-control, mutual supportiveness and interaction;
• system of psychological selection and training of persons involved in
managing the accidents with severe consequences is being developed
(similar to system of operational personnel selection).
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10. Spent Nuclear Fuel Management (SNF)
At the moment reactors of Units 1, 2 and 3 are
completely released from nuclear fuel.
Fuel is only in cooling pools of Units 1 and 2.
To reduce risks during New Safe Confinement
construction, spent nuclear fuel was transferred from
cooling pools of Unit 3 to Interim Spent Fuel Storage
Facility (ISF-1).
In order to improve nuclear safety, it was proposed to
transport SNF from Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 for storage.
In November 2011, the State Nuclear Regulatory
Inspectorate of Ukraine agreed the Decision to place
all conditioned SNF from Units 1, 2 and 3 to ISF-1.
Works on spent nuclear fuel transportation from
cooling pools of Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 were
commenced.
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11. The Final State of
Decommissioning NPP can be changed
ChNPP is located at the territory of Exclusion "Green field" status
Zone contaminated with radioactive
substances as a result of accident in 1986.
That’s why decommissioning of Chernobyl
NPP up to the "green field" status is
unreasonable.
A brown spot is a condition of ChNPP industrial "Brown spot" status
site when its territory and buildings can be
restricted released from the regulating control.
Reuse of ChNPP site as “National operator of
NPP units decommissioning, SNF and RAW
management” is the most desirable final state:
• a fast and cheap way to reach decommissioning Developed
objectives industrial site
• using financial and technical resources and
qualified staff of ChNPP more effectively;
• solving problems of nuclear industry.
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12. SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness
System
System
The Main Tasks of ChNPP Emergency
Preparedness and Response System
• Assurance of preparedness to eliminate accidents
and emergencies at SSE “Chernobyl NPP” facilities;
• Response to accidents and emergencies at the SSE
“Chernobyl NPP” facilities;
• Implementation of measures on protecting the NPP
personnel and environment.
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13. SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness
System
System
Emergency organizational structures of SSE “Chernobyl NPP” includes:
 Emergency Manager at industrial sites of SSE “Chernobyl NPP” facilities
(EMS);
 Coordination and Management Body – EMS Staff Office or SSE “Chernobyl
NPP” Commission on the Issues of Emergencies (as a synonym);
 Standing Management Body – Emergency Preparedness and Response
Department (EP&RD);
 SSE “Chernobyl NPP” emergency teams and units:
 Radiation control unit;
 Dosimetric survey unit;
 Physical protection assurance unit;
 Personnel sanitary treatment unit;
 Transport unit, etc.;
 Teams for elimination of equipment
failures.
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14. SSE ChNPP Emergency Units
SSE ChNPP Emergency Units
The Main Tasks of NPP Emergency Units are:
 Actions on preventing beyond-design-basis accidents and
eliminating their consequences;
 Measures on personnel protection;
 Recommendations on population protection.
A General Director is an Emergency Manager at the ChNPP
industrial site.
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15. SSE ChNPP Emergency Units
SSE ChNPP Emergency Units
The Main Functions of EMS:
 Primary and subsequent classification of an accident;
 Notification of personnel and external organizations;
 Initiation of Emergency Plan;
 Management of actions on accident containment and elimination;
 Coordination of actions of external organizations involved into
emergency and rescue operations;
 Provision of information to a Ministry of Emergencies management,
regulatory body, authorities and mass media;
 Decision-making on Emergency Plan’s ending.
The SSE ChNPP personnel is contained in protective shelters
having ‫-ץ‬radiation dose rate ≥ 0,5 mSv/h.
The SSE ChNPP personnel is evacuated having ‫-ץ‬radiation dose
rate ≥ 1 mSv/h.
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16. Thank you for attention!
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