This document discusses the differences between gerunds and to-infinitives in English. Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns, such as "swimming" in the sentence "I like swimming." To-infinitives use "to" followed by the base verb form, like "to eat" in "I want to eat something." Certain verbs are typically followed by gerunds, like "enjoy" and "consider," while others are typically followed by to-infinitives, such as "want" and "agree." Examples are provided to illustrate the proper use of gerunds and to-infinitives.

2. TO-INFINITIVE, & GERUND
--In a sentence, if a verb is used after the main verb, it can
be in 2 different forms:
1. To-infinitive
e.g. I want to eat something.
(verb) (to-infinitive)
2. Gerund
e.g. I like swimming.
(verb) (gerund)

3.  Gerund is the –ing form of a verb used as a
noun.
 To form gerunds, use
the base form + ing
Example : I enjoy learning English
 To form negative gerunds, use
not + gerund
Example : Not speaking English well is my
biggest problem in this country

4. Verb + ing = Gerund
work + ing = working
play + ing = playing
study + ing = studying

5. Traveling might satisfy your
desire for new experiences.

6. 2. Gerunds used as objects
Example : They do not appreciate my
singing.

7. 3. Gerund as object of preposition
Example : He’s excited about playing
tennis.

8. By + gerund
Example : You get good grades by
studying hard.

9. (2) GERUND (verbs)
stop keep postpone admit consider miss
delay
finish mind imagine deny involve fancy regret
avoid risk practise enjoy suggest can’t help
-- ‘Gerund’ is usually used after the above verbs.
e.g. Do you mind opening the door?
(verb) (gerund)
I won’t risk doing this.
(verb) (gerund)
Sentence Making:___________________________________________

10.  Infinitives is to + the simple form of a verb.
 To form infinitives use
to + base form of the verb
Example : I want to dance.
 To form negative infinitives use
Not + infinitive
Example : He decided not to go to the
party.

11. To + Verb = Infinitive
To + work = to work
To + play = to play
To + study = to study

12. 1. Infinitives in the subject position
Example : To live in the United States is
my dream.

13. 2. Infinitive of purpose
Example : I came here in order to learn.

14. Too + adjective or adverb + infinitive
Example : She is too young to vote.
Adjective or adverb + enough + infinitive
Example : They are old enough to vote.

15. (1) TO-INFINITIVE (verbs)
Agree offer decide appear forget fail
promise tell refuse seem plan attempt
learn hope afford ask threaten want
arrange pretend allow tend manage dare
-- ‘To-infinitive’ is usually used after the above verbs
e.g. I agreed to cooperate with them.
(verb) (to-infinitive)
He wants to buy this computer.
(verb) (to-inf)
Sentence Making:
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