2. • Define Infection Control
• Understand the Chain of Infection
• Identify Infection Control Practices
• Become familiar with different types of PPE
• Define Universal Precaution
Learning Objectives
3. What is Infection Control?
Infection Control is the prevention of the
spread of clinically significant micro organisms
that cause infection; or the prevention of the
spread of pathogenic micro organisms that
have the potential to cause disease.
4. Chain of Infection
• An infectious agent- Virus, Bacteria, Parasite, Fungus
• Reservoir Host- Infected Individual or animal
• Portal of exit- contact with body fluid and secretions, as well as broken
skin
• Mode of Transmission- Skin to Skin contact, Droplets, Airborne/aerosol
• Portal of entry- Mucus membranes of the eye, nose and mouth, broken
skin, respiratory tract and reproductive organs
• Susceptible host- Immune-deficient patient, Pregnant woman, children
the elderly and wounded
5. Infection Control In Our Daily Lives
Washing Hands Before and
after :
• Eating
• Changing a diaper
• Using the restroom
• Preparing food in the
kitchen
Knowing when to:
• Disinfect a wound
• Cover your mouth when
you sneeze
• Never shear personal
grooming tools (
combs, tooth
brushes, makeup)
6. Infection Control in our Daily Lives
Being healthcare professionals allow us an
opportunity to also educate and empower the
people you come into contact with on a daily basis.
We can encourage our friends and families to
practice infection control. Small exercises like these
can help to re-enforce your own knowledge, so
that it becomes second nature to practice
infection control on the job.
7. Infection Control Practices
Standards have been developed by the (CDC)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to
help healthcare facilities educate their
employees on how to prevent healthcare
associated infections (Nosocomial Infections)
8. Infection Control Practices Cont’d
• Universal Precaution- Consider all patients, patient
samples and any object that has come into contact
with the patient infected.
• PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) – Safety
Goggles, Face Shield, Gloves, Lab Coat, and Rubber
Shoes
• Hand Hygiene- Cleansing hands with an alcohol based
foam, gel or wipe that is approved by your healthcare
facility before and after direct contact with a
patient, patient sample or any object that has come
into contact with the patient is a MUST DO!
9. Infection Control Practices Cont’d
•Wash hands for 15-30 seconds under warm flowing
water if they are visibly contaminated with blood or any
type of body fluid
•Change gloves between patients and also when the
glove has been compromised
•Clean phones, keyboards and any surface that may have
come into contact with biohazard material
10. Hospital Acquired Infections
•MRSA ( Methacillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus)
•VRE (Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus)
•C.Diff (Clostridium Difficile)
•Hepatitis- (A, B & C)
•HIV (Human Immune Deficiency Virus)
•Influenza ( A, B & H1N1)
11. Assignment
Research each organism and explain the mode of
transmission, which system/s of the body they affect
and the type of PPE you would use to prevent
contracting and spreading that particular type of
infection.
•MRSA, VRE, C.Diff, Hepatitis (A, B & C), HIV, Influenza ( A, B &
H1N1)
***Be thorough and Specific***
12. Pop Quiz
1. How long should you wash you hands with soap and
water?
2. List two types of infectious organisms.
3. When moving from patient to patient when should
you change you gloves?
4. Define infection control.
5. Define Universal Precaution.
Hinweis der Redaktion
The topic for discussion today is Infection control
In order for and infection to occur curtain factors must be in place, there must be:
We All have a basic understanding of hygiene and cleanliness because we all perform some routine of hygiene in our daily lives. From washing our hands before and after we eat, change a child's diapers or using the restroom, to disinfecting the kitchen counters before and after we prepare food , we also know that when we get a cut we should clean it to avoid infection. So as a healthcare professional we are expected to perform these same duties but only to the power of 10 to prevent the spread of infection in the healthcare facility from patient to patient but also from patient to caregiver and vise versa.
Helping to prevent the spread of infection does not start and end at the work place, it starts with practicing certain techniques at home and sharing the knowledge to our close friends and family, people we see every day. I think that the society we live in today empowers people to be more proactive in understanding their health and ways they can prevent illness. So sharing our knowledge can help the community around us to be safe.
I believe that in order to appreciate infection control we have to understand Universal Precaution. Consider all patients, their samples and any object that has come into contact with the patient infectious, this way you do not have to think about which patient is infected and if you should use your PPE. Your PPE will protect you against Droplet Precautions, Airborne Precautions and Contact Precautions. You will need to choose the proper PPE for the correct type of precaution you will encounter.
Alcohol based cleansers have been proven to be much more effective at killing germs than soap and water. But if your hands are visibly contaminated then you should use soap and water to clean your hands.When washing your hands you should wet them first, massage vigorously to work up a lather with soap for 15-30 seconds and rinse thoroughly.
There are a whole host of hospital acquired organisms that cause infection but there are a few in particular that we must be concerned about.They are: