A validation process should not lead to blind acceptance or rejections. You want analyses and recommendations; periodically evaluated by users and standardization organizations.

1. egg of Columbus?
Standards

2. Implementation of standards
…but where to start…

3. The quality of the implementation of
standards
In short: a story about a chicken, an egg and a pan.
A story about validation
and about the questions
like when something is conformant and when not
and when something is good and when not.

4. An authoring tool a learning object and a learning environment
One takes…

5. …ends up to be a tasty results
A good implementation of standards

6. There are divergent implementation of
standards
…but not for contentPretty authoring tools…

7. There are divergent implementation of
standards
…it might not play your content very well.
And even though a player uses a standard…

8. There are divergent implementation of
standards
…can not always be played in your playerOpen content…
…or maybe it can be provided you use the right wrapper

9. There are divergent implementation of
standards
You might even have real pretty players…

10. There are divergent implementation of
standards
…but will every content fit?
You might even have real pretty players…

11. There are divergent implementation of
standards
Some divergent
implementations might
give the same result…

12. There are divergent implementation of
standards
…but sometimes you
just know that some
implementations are
never going to work.

13. But even a good implementation of
standards
…might result in failure when used the wrong way.

14. What does all this mean for validation?
Standards
?

15. Validation

16. Validation
You can’t validate everything… and it doesn’t always matter…

17. Validation
You can’t validate everything… and it doesn’t always matter…
Leaving room for innovation might even lead to unexpected paradigm shifts

18. Recommendations
• Validation shows you if implementations of
standards will result in actual interoperability. …Most
of the time…
• …for it is also clear you can’t predict all pre-
conditions on forehand.
• So a validation process should not lead to blind
acceptance or rejections, but you want analyses and
recommendations, which are periodically evaluated
by users and standardization organizations.

19. egg of Columbus?
Yes, but a brilliant idea always needs follow up and maintenance.
Standards