Zeus was the king of the gods and god of the sky. He overthrew his father Cronus and ruled Olympus. His symbols included the lightning bolt and eagle. Poseidon was Zeus's brother and god of the sea. He wielded a trident and created earthquakes with his power. Hades ruled the underworld as god of the dead along with his wife Persephone, daughter of Demeter. [/SUMMARY]

1. Chaos & Primordial Gods, Titans, Olympians

2.  1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth was formless and
empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the
waters.
 3 And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw that the light was good, and he
separated the light from the darkness. 5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called
“night.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.
 6 And God said, “Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from water.” 7 So God
made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. And it was so.
8 God called the vault “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.
 9 And God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place, and let dry ground appear.”
And it was so. 10 God called the dry ground “land,” and the gathered waters he called “seas.” And
God saw that it was good.
 11 Then God said, “Let the land produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and trees on the land that
bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds.” And it was so. 12 The land produced
vegetation: plants bearing seed according to their kinds and trees bearing fruit with seed in it
according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening, and there was
morning—the third day.
 14 And God said, “Let there be lights in the vault of the sky to separate the day from the night, and
let them serve as signs to mark sacred times, and days and years, 15 and let them be lights in the
vault of the sky to give light on the earth.” And it was so. 16 God made two great lights—the greater
light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the night. He also made the stars. 17 God set
them in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth, 18 to govern the day and the night, and to
separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good. 19 And there was evening, and there
was morning—the fourth day.

3.  Verily at the first Chaos came to be, but next wide-bosomed Earth, the ever-
sure foundations of all (4) the deathless ones who hold the peaks of snowy
Olympus, and dim Tartarus in the depth of the wide-pathed Earth, and Eros
(Love), fairest among the deathless gods, who unnerves the limbs and
overcomes the mind and wise counsels of all gods and all men within them.
From Chaos came forth Erebus and black Night; but of Night were born
Aether (5) and Day, whom she conceived and bare from union in love with
Erebus. And Earth first bare starry Heaven, equal to herself, to cover her on
every side, and to be an ever-sure abiding-place for the blessed gods. And she
brought forth long Hills, graceful haunts of the goddess-Nymphs who dwell
amongst the glens of the hills. She bare also the fruitless deep with his raging
swell, Pontus, without sweet union of love. But afterwards she lay with
Heaven and bare deep-swirling Oceanus, Coeus and Crius and Hyperion and
Iapetus, Theia and Rhea, Themis and Mnemosyne and gold-crowned
Phoebe and lovely Tethys. After them was born Cronos the wily, youngest
and most terrible of her children, and he hated his lusty sire.

4.  Chaos
 Gaia, Tartarus, Pontus, Eros
 Erebus (Darkness) & Nyx (Night), Aether
(Light) & Hemera (Day)
 Gaia births Uranus (Greek = Οὐρανός, “Sky”)
 To cover her & be her mate

5.  Children: The Titans
 100-eyed Giants, Hecatonchires, Cyclops
 “Monsters”
 Uranus hated them, wanted to remain in power
 So, he imprisoned them inside Gaia, in Tartarus
 Cronus (or Cronos, Roman = Saturn), encouraged
by Gaia, castrates Uranus with a sickle.
 Blood falls into sea, forms Gigantes, Furies
 Genitals fall into sea, form Aphrodite

6.  New ruling pair: “The Golden Age”
 Re-imprisoned the Titans in Tartarus
 Children: the Olympian Gods (Demeter,
Hestia, Hera, Hades, Poseidon)
 Cronus was scared that he would be overthrown
 Swallowed them & kept them in his belly
 6th child = Zeus (Roman = Jupiter)
▪ Rhea gave Cronus a stone instead

7.  Zeus raised in Crete
 Tricked Cronus, spiked his drink (mixture of
mustard & wine?), Cronus vomits up
Zeus’siblings
 Zeus freed the Titans from Tartarus; Cyclopes
forged the thunderbolt
 “Titanomachy”- Zeus & Olympians & freed
Titans vs. Cronus & his ruling Titans

8.  Zeus & his brothers divide
 Zeus: Sky
 Poseidon: Waters
 Hades: Underworld (World of the Dead)
 Zeus marries his sister Hera, but has many
affairs with other women (both mortal &
immortal)

9. Raphael’s Loggia di Psiche (1518-1519)
 Greek Names (Roman)
 Zeus (Jupiter)
 Hera (Juno)
 Poseidon (Neptune)
 Demeter (Ceres)  Sometimes included…
 Athena (Minerva)  Hades (Pluto)
 Dionysus (Bacchus)  Hestia (Vesta)
 Apollo (Apollo)  Asclepius (Vejovis)
 Artemis (Diana)  Eros (Cupid)
 Ares (Mars)  Hebe (Juventas)
 Aphrodite (Venus)  Heracles (Hercules)
 Hephaestus (Vulcan)  Pan (Faunus)
 Hermes (Mercury)  Persephone (Proserpina)

10.  Greek Name
 Roman Name
 God of _______
 Parents?
 Children?
 How is he/she depicted?
 Symbols? Weapons?
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Olympians
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_the_
Greek_gods

11.  Andromeda,  Use Symbaloo via
Cassiopeia, Cepheus, http://www.dcsomalearnin
Perseus gcommons.org/latin.html
 Aquarius  Use links at bottom under
 Gemini the heading, “The Major
 Leo Constellations”:
 Libra, Virgo http://www.comfychair.org
 Orion, Scorpius /~cmbell/myth/myth.html
 Pisces
 Sagittarius
 Taurus
 Ursa Major, Ursa Minor