2. â The power of population is so superior to the power of the earth to produce subsistence for man, that premature death must in some shape or other visit the human race.â _____________________________ Thomas Malthus, 1789 THE VERTICAL SHIFT: AVOIDING THE MALTHUSIAN CATASTROPHE BY GORDON GRAFF
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5. Linear Consumption of Land Dust Bowl â 1930s USA William B. Greeley, The Relation of Geography to Timber Supply, Economic Geo. 1925 DUST BOWL â 1930s US MID-WEST
6. Linear Consumption of land About œ of the mature tropical forest cover of the earth has been destroyed, somewhere between 750-800 million hectares
7. Linear Consumption of land AFGHANISTAN 70% loss Between 1990 and 2005 Afghanistan lost 33.8% of its woodland habitat. In total, 70% of its forests have been destroyed.
8. Nigeria presently has the highest rate of deforestation of primary forests, according to the UN. Between 1990 and 2005 the country lost 35.7% of its forest cover. All together, 79% of Nigeriaâs primary forests have been destroyed. Reasons: Logging, Subsistence Agriculture, Collection of Firewood Linear Consumption of land NIGERIA 79% loss
9. Linear Consumption of land MADAGASCAR 94% loss Madagascarâs rampant deforestation has resulted in extensive desertification, water resource degradation, and soil loss. Approximately 94% of its biologically diverse lands have been destroyed, nearly all of which has occurred since claiming independence from France in 1958. This is disheartening when considering 5% of the earths plant and animal species are located in Madagascar, most of which are endemic.
10. Linear consumption of land PHILIPPINES +90% loss At one time 95% of the land area of the Philippine archipelago was covered by tropical rainforest Today, over 90% of this diverse ecosystem has been destroyed The Philippines is ranked as having the most severely endangered mammal and bird faunas in the world
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14. Food Security $145 barrel July 2008 $70 barrel July 2006 Environmental Variability Food â Oil Connection Haiti April 2008 Climate Change Pest Damage Drought Food Security
24. x2.8 SURFACE AREA Space Efficiency â Surface Area 63 metres (surface area) 182 metres (growing area) = EXAMPLE : Strawberry Production
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26. Space Efficiency â Vertical Stacking James Wines â HIGHRISE OF HOMES
27. Sky Farm Sky Farm PRODUCE EQUAL TO⊠1369.62 acre or 547.85 hectares ⊠of conventional farming 18.18 acres of Lettuce 12.45 acres of Cucumber 48.93 acres of Eggplant 332.11 acres of Strawberries 22,20 acres of Peppers 18.70 acres of Carrots 389.64 acres of Spinach 340.02 acres of Soybeans 49.10 acres of Green Beans 14.43 acres of Tomatoes n/a acres of Poultry meat n/a acres Eggs 55.10 acres of Wheat 67.95 acres of Potatoes n/a acres of Tilapia (fish) meat
33. ANAEROBIC DIGESTER LIVING MACHINE TM Sky Farm WASTE H 2 0 CLEAN H 2 0 POWER Sky Farm BUILDING SYSTEM DIAGRAM SILAGE AGRI-WASTE
34. Sky Farm Sky Farm CALCULATIONS Data courtesy of Dr. Dickson Despommier Columbia University
35. Sky Farm POWER Sky Farm URBAN SYSTEM DIAGRAM PRE-FILTER SEWAGE BIO-WASTE / COMPOSTABLES ORGANIC WASTE WASTE WATER POWER TO GRID WATER TO CITY WATER