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1917 Revolutions: Popular Uprisings and Coup d'etat
- 1. The RevolutionS of 1917 Popular Accident & Coup d’etat J. Marshall, 2011
- 2. Rasputin – murdered, Dec 1916
- 3. Duma
- 4. Growing dissatisfaction over the war
- 5. International Women’s Day: bread strike
- 6. Meeting in the Putilov Works
- 8. Army Patrols in Petrograd Nicholas is at the front: “Nonsense, I shall not even reply.”
- 9. Soon police opened fire – more importantly… 12 March – revolutionaries controlled Petrograd 14 March – Moscow also falls
- 10. The Tsar’s kozakken chose NOT to
- 11. Nicholas was blocked from Petrograd – and abdicated for himself and his son
- 12. 16 March: The Tsar is replaced by the Provisional Government • The Soviet (workers and soldiers) join Duma to declare P. Gov’t. • Mostly moderate, led by Georgy Lvov and the Milukov’s Cadets • Some radicals from Soviet (Lenin, Stalin, Trotsky all absent!) • 2 promises: 1) Constituent Assembly – universal suffrage 2) To legalize strikes • Seen by themselves as illegitimate – keep status quo
- 13. If vee can get rid to zose pesky Russians… Switzerland is nice, but I’d really like to get to action…
- 15. ALL POWER TO THE SOVIETS
- 16. First All-Russian Session of Workers’ & Soldiers' Deputies June, 1917
- 17. Petrograd Dissatisfaction: 18 June, 1917
- 22. Kornilov – leads Cadets Karensky leads Socialists (NOT Bolsheviks)
- 23. General Kornilov
- 24. "Красная Гвардия” (Red Guard)
- 25. Kerensky K
- 27. At the end of September, the Bolsheviks gain a majority in the Petrograd Soviet
- 28. Women of the Red Guard
- 29. Kerensky’s Women’s Battalion Defenders of the Winter Palace
- 30. Duma Messengers
- 31. Sent from the Baltic to the Battle of Tsushima Strait – survived • 25 October, 1917: Ordered to sea by Alexander Kerensky – crew chose to ignore order – seen as the first act of the November Revolution Cruiser Aurora
- 32. Red Guard
- 35. At the end of September, the Bolsheviks gain a majority in the Petrograd Soviet
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Hard to kill; over the course of the night: given cyanide-laced cakes, then shot with a revolver, then strangled, and then shot three more times; next he was clubbed and finally wrapped in a carpet and thrown in the River Neva – an autopsy three days later found water in his lungs! At this point, some of this might be attributed to legend.
- First two Dumas in 1906, 1907 lasted only a couple of months each before the Tsar cancelled them. Only the Third Duma from 1908 to 1912 went full-term.
- Injured soldiers return from the front.Almost a quarter of the “human steamroller” was killed or wounded in the first year of the war. By 1917: 1.3 million killed, 4.2 million wounded, 2.4 million POWs. The Russian industrial complex could not keep up with the demands of total war and soon the army was unable to provide the soldiers with food, weapons and ammunition.
- The shortages were not limited to the army – the shortages extended to the population. Many of the peasants were able to withhold their crops to feed their families; the city dwellers didn’t have this option.
- Dissatisfaction with the way the war was going affected all quarters of society. The workers of the Putilov works in Petrograd vote to strike.
- After three days of bread riots and strikes, the police and army move in. The police fire on the “revolutionaries,” but the Tsar’s Cossacks do not.
- The next day, Michael chose NOT to take the job (he was killed in 1918 with the rest of the family).
- Lvov of the was appointed by Tsar as his last official act. He became chairman of the All-Russian Union of Zemstvos in 1914 and in 1915 he became a leader of the Union of Zemstvos as well as a member of Zemgor, a joint committee of the Union of Zemstvos and the Union of Towns that helped supply the military and tend to the wounded from World War I.
- Delegates at the 1st All-Russian Session of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, photographed inside the Duma chamber in the TauridePalice (Petrograd, June 1917). The leading Bolsheviks at the photo session, as exemplified by their front-row status, were Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev. Lenin evidently was not present for the occasion-- the balding figure in front of the rather lonely female figure of Alexandra Kollontai is probably G. B. Chicherin, who would serve as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1918 to 1930. Trotsky evidently also was absent (whether by choice or by design is unclear). Stalin apparently was on hand, but is not recognizable in the photo http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/
- Street demonstration, Petrograd, 18 June 1917. The banner in the foreground reads "Down With The 10 Capitalist Ministers/ All Power To The Soviets Of Workers', Soldiers', And Peasants' Deputies/ And To The Socialist Ministers/ [We Demand That Nicholas II Be Transferred To The Peter-Paul Fortress.” http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/
- Dissatisfaction – Lenin “got it” (understood the people’s desires) with his promise of “Peace, Land and Bread.”
- Petrograd, 4 July 1917. Street demonstration on NevskyProspekt just after troops of the Provisional Government have opened fire with machine guns. http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/
- General L. G. Kornilov, waving to the Moscow crowd from the back of an open limousine during the State Convocation held under Provisional Government auspices from 12-15 August 1917. http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/
- Bolsheviks marching on Red Square – Date not knownhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Revolution_(1917)
- Alexander Kerensky (center, white), charter member of the Provisional Government and its head in September-October 1917, arriving in Moscow on or about 12 August 1917. http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/
- Junkers lounging in Winter Palace, Petrograd, fall 1917.http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/
- Bolshevik Politburo, fall of 1917. http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/HAVE STUDENTS RESEARCH THE OUTLINED BOLSHEVIKS
- Women of the Red Army - Russian revolution - October revolution - soviet power - communism - Bolshevik party
- In May 1917, a Women's Battalion was formed under the authority of the provisional government that had overthrown the Czar. The provisional government was led first by George Lvov and then by Alexander Kerensky, whom the young Rand idolized. Some 2,000 women joined the Women's Battalion. At 12, Rand was too young to be with the women in the photo above as they marched through Petrograd, but one wonders what she thought of these women as they tried to defend the government against the Communists. The Women's Battalion was among the defenders when the Communists assaulted the Winter Palace in Petrograd in October 1917. After the Communists came to power, the battalion was disbanded in November 1917.http://www.noblesoul.com/orc/bio/pics1.html
- Duma messengers needed armed guards
- As the Russian Revolution progressed, the government effectively lost control of Petrograd. The "Red Guard" of the Petrograd Soviet began to take over instead. In 1917, Rand would have watched as troops like the ones shown above usurped police functions, leading up to the eventual Communist takeover of the government.http://www.noblesoul.com/orc/bio/pics1.html
- Much-publicized photo purporting to show the storming of the Winter Palace, October 1917. It is in fact from a Bolshevik re-enactment staged as a civic spectacle on the third anniversary of the action. The actual fighting at the Palace took place at night and there were no cameras present. http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/
- Bolshevik Politburo, fall of 1917. http://www.nevsky88.com/SaintPetersburg/Revolution/HAVE STUDENTS RESEARCH THE OUTLINED BOLSHEVIKS