Rackspace Private Cloud presentation for ChefConf 2014

1
April 16, 2014
Ops and Chefs: Lessons learned while working on
OpenStack deployment cookbooks
#chefconf 2014

RACKSPACE® HOSTING | WWW.RACKSPACE.COM
Who Are We?
Justin Shepherd
Principal Architect
Rackspace Private Cloud
github.com/galstrom21
Joseph Breu
Software Dev Team Lead US
Rackspace Private Cloud
github.com/rackerjoe
@rackerjoe

3RACKSPACE® HOSTING | WWW.RACKSPACE.COM
Support Team
•Manages and Operates OpenStack clouds for our customers
•Troubleshoots any issues a customer might encounter with their cloud
Dev Team
•Creates tools for deploying and configuring OpenStack clouds
•Makes initial decision on when a new project is “stable” enough to
enable in the customer clouds
A little context

In the beginning….
The Dev Team were experts at deployments
Best Practices from the Ops Team

Over time….
The Ops team took the reigns and became the experts.
New expertise breeds new Best Practices!

In the end….
How do you codify this new knowledge?

Nova
• Has 1000+ configuration options
• has support for 4 hypervisor platforms
Neutron
• has support for ~15 network platforms
Cinder
• has support for ~20 storage platform
Flexibility vs. Standardization

Limit platform options based on current expertise
• We chose KVM because it had the best support in the
community, and we have lots of Linux expertise in house
• We chose NetApp initially and leveraged our existing storage
team
Add more options as needed based on demand
• We need compelling reasons to add features
Each addition increases QE test matrices exponentialy!

Even limiting scope it takes 61,480 lines of cookbook to implement a
working OpenStack cluster

Issues with cookbooks
• Setting an incorrect value in nova‟s config file
• Absence of a useful attribute
• Cookbook dependencies and upstream breakage (COOK-2676)
Issues in the upstream OpenStack projects
• Hopefully these are known issues, and the community is addressing them
Issues in the upstream OS packages
• Vendor X breaks a package (i.e. kernel and openvswitch)-where X is all of them!
Issues in foundation technologies
• MySQL
• RabbitMQ
Issue Tracking

The usual suspects
• Ubuntu LTS
• RHEL
• CentOS
The usual problems
• Independent packaging process
• Separate bug tracking process
• Packages are cut at different points in time
Multiple Base Operating Systems

OpenStack releases a new “stable” version every 6 months.
• There are also 3 scheduled minor version releases for the stable
version during the next 6 month cycle.
• Although none of the upstream packages match these releases
Deciding on your Release Schedule

We support the current “stable” version and one prior
• So our customers do not have to update every 6 months
• Upgrades are currently disruptive
We currently release minor version updates every other month
• Includes cookbook bug fixes
• Includes latest available packages

This is probably one of the easiest decision to make and the
hardest to get right
• We have changed our model multiple times in the last 3 years
• We will probably change it again 
Go ask @claco Thursday 2:50pm Regency A/B about this

Major changes can occur every 6 months
• Package renames
• Service renames
• New/Deprecated config options
Services get split into their own projects
• Nova-Volumes -> Cinder
• Nova-Network -> Neutron (kind of)
• Nova-Scheduler -> Gantt
Managing Chef deployed OpenStack

Inter-release upgrades
• Sweeping attribute key renames
• node[„quantum‟] -> node[„neutron‟]
• Have to remap customers environments
• https://github.com/rcbops/mungerator
• New BUGS!
• That never happens.. it is a new version.. it must be a feature
OS Upgrades
• Terrible, terrible, and more terrible
Managing Chef deployed OpenStack

Jenkins is used for testing and gating of our cookbooks
• Syntax Verification (pep8, foodcritic)
• Full deployment of OpenStack utilizing the cookbooks with the
proposed changeset applied
• Functional Tests of OpenStack
• OpenStack API Testing
• OpenStack CLI Testing
Upstream opscode cookbooks are tested before inclusion
Testing

Rackspace Private Cloud presentation for ChefConf 2014

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Rackspace Private Cloud presentation for ChefConf 2014