1. Stream of Consciousness
• Name: Jayshree Kunchala
• Roll No : 10
• Sem :3
• Paper :Post-Colonial Literature
• Guided By : Prof. &Dr.Dilip Barad
• Submitted To : Department Of English,
M.K.Bhavnagar University
jayshreekunchala@mail.com
4. Stream of consciousness
• …….was a phrase used by William James in his
principles of psychology (1890) to describe the
unbroken flow of perceptions, thoughts and
feelings in the waking mind.
• It has since been adopted to describe a
narrative method in modern fiction.
• Long passages of introspection in which the
narrator records in detail what passes through
a character’s awareness are found in novelists
from Semuel Richardson through William
James brother Henry James to many novelists
of the present era.
5. Stream of consciousness
• ……..is the name applied specifically to
a mode of narration that undertakes to
reproduce, without a narrator’s
intervention the full spectrum and
continuous flow of characters mental
process in which sense perception
mingle with conscious and half-
conscious thoughts, memories,
expectations, feelings and random
associations.
6. Interior Monologue
• Used interchangeably with stream of
consciousness.
• ……is reserved for that species of stream
of consciousness which undertakes to
present to the reader the course and
rhythm of consciousness precisely as it
occurs in a character’s mind.
7. Interior Monologue
• In……the author dose note intervenes
minimally as describer guide or
commentator, and dose note tidy the
vagaries of the mental process into
grammatical sentences or into a logical
or coherent order.
• The process of consciousness but
because sense perception, mental
images, feelings and some aspects or
thoughts it self are nonverbal.
8. Direct interior monologue
• It should be emphasized that there is no
auditor assumed that is the character is not
speaking to anyone within the fictional scene
nor is the character speaking in effect to the
reader.
• In short the monologue is represented as
being completely can did if there were no
reader. This distinction is not easy to grasp
but it is a real one.
• Obviously every author is writing finally for
an audience.
9. In direct interior monologue
• ……is then the type of interior monologue
in which an omniscient author presents
unspoken material as if it were directly
from the consciousness of a character
and with contemporary and description
guides the readers thought it.
• The author intervenes between the
character’s psyche and the reader.
10. In direct interior monologue in
To The Lighthouse
• In “To The Lighthouse" Virginia Woolf
succeeds in producing a much subtle
effect through the use of this
technique.
• This novel contains a great deal of
straight, conventional narration and
description but the interior monologue
is used often enough to give the novel
its special character of seeming to be
always with in the consciousness of the
chief characters.
11. The Window Chapter 1
• “Had there been an axe handy, a poker,
or any weapon that would have gashed a
hole in his father’s breast and killed him,
there and then, James would have seized
it. Such were the extremes of emotion
that Mr Ramsay excited in his children’s
breasts by his mere presence; standing,
as now, lean as a knife, narrow as the
blade of one, grinning sarcastically, not
only with the pleasure of disillusioning
his son and casting ridicule upon his wife,
who was ten thousand times better in
every way than he was (James thought)”
12. Use of parenthesis
• Parenthesis can be signals of digression
and of simultaneity as this one.
• “I respect to you (Lilly addressed
Mr.Bankes; silently) in every atom ;you
are not vain; you are entirely impersonal
you are finer than Mr.Ramsay; you have
neither wife nor child you live for science
praise would be an insult to you ;
generous, pure hearted heroic man!
(p 16-17)
13. Explanation
• Here the parentheses signal sudden
and momentary switches in
perspective. The narrative is thrown
backwards and forwards between
Lilly’s voice with its intonation
mimicked exactly. Lilly’s dwelling on the
austerity of Banke’s life indicates not
only Banke’s desire for solitude but also
her and at the same time shows her
resistance to her own loneliness. She
wants to at once to extend and to limit
to see more of banke’s and less of her
self.
14. Free Association in To The
Lighthouse
• The chief technique in controlling the
movement of stream of consciousness
in fiction has been an application of
the principles of psychological free
association.
• Levels the writing expresses and make
it possible for the writers to deal as
much as possible the characters.
15. The Aesthetic Significance……
• Technique breaks out the traditional narrative
structure .
• By the help of this technique the character may think
about other upon seeing related things recall old
memories at familiar sights and thing on another
thing or person upon seeing on the consciousness
shift freely among
• Objective time and psychic time inter mingle
• Past memories, future expectations and present
consciousness exist alternately
• Space ,time and disorder in sequence.
