Hamartia refers to a tragic flaw or error in judgment that brings about the downfall of a tragic hero. According to Aristotle's poetics, the tragic hero is of noble stature but possesses a hamartia, such as excessive pride or a character flaw, that combined with ignorance, circumstances, or a error of judgment, leads to a fall from grace. Hamlet is a good example of a tragic hero with hamartia, as he struggles with indecision over avenging his father's death and confronting his uncle, which ultimately causes his own downfall.