4. Conceptual skills
Conceptual skills allow a manager to visualize the
entire organization and work with ideas and the
relationships between abstract concepts.
Human skills, also called human relation skills,
require communication and attention to
relationships with others.
Technical skills
Technical skills are needed to actually get the work
done; they are the techniques, practices, tools,
and processes needed by front-line employees in
the manager's functional area.
6. Top Managers: Refer to managers who are
placed at the top positions in the organizational
hierarchy. Top managers refer to a group of
individuals who are responsible fat the whole
management process of an organization.
They hold ultimate power and authority far the
taking any decisions in the interest of the
organization. The top managers of an
organization are also responsible far setting
organizational goals and objectives and scanning
internal and external business environment.
B.O.D, C.E.O, President are the example of Top
managers.
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7. Middle Managers: Refers to managers working
between top and bottom level in an organization.
These managers directly report to the
management. These managers are responsible far
monitoring the performance of first line members,
also called supervisors, the middle managers also
develop and implement activities as well as allocate
resources far the successful accomplished of
organizational goals and activities. Sales manger,
plant manager, personnal manager are the example
of middle managers.
8. Lower Managers: Refers to the managers who are
placed at the lowest level in the organizational
hierarchy. They are also known as first line
managers or simply line managers. These
managers are involved in the day to day activities of
an organization and directly report to the middle
level managers. Line managers and supervisors
are the example of lower managers
9. TYPES OF MANAGERS ON THE BASES OF SCOPE
AND ACTIVITIES
Functional Manager: Refers to a manager who is
responsible far a particular function of an organization.
Far example, marketing manager is responsible far all
activities carried out in the marketing department.
Functional managers are considered to be middle level
manager’s because they have to manage the entire
gamut of activities taking place under one organizational
function and report the same directly to the top
management.
General Manager: Refers to managers, who are
responsible, far all activities being carried out in all
organizational functions. A general manager supervises
the complete organization, a subsidiary, branch, or
specific business unit. A general manager is also known
as a divisional manager.
10. TYPES OF MANAGERS ON THE BASIS OF
STYLE OF MANAGEMENT
Entrepreneur style
Conservative style
Scientific style
Professional styles
11. Entrepreneur style: Refers to those managers who
create something unique on the basis of their self
analysis without going through prescribed policies and
procedures. Managers of entrepreneur styles are
generally ambitious, enthusiastic, energetic and
dominating by nature. They are practical, results-oriented,
and like to command a team of subordinates.
Managers of entrepreneur style do not hesitate to take
up new business ideas and opportunities in terms of
innovation and creativity.
Conservative style: Refers to those managers who
believe in classical school of management. The style of
managers is mostly found in India in both public and
private sectors. The managers of conservative style
prefer to managers is mostly found in India in both
sectors. The managers of conservative style prefer to
work in a closed setting and do not interact with the
outer world. These managers remain generally satisfied
with their moderate performance.
12. Scientific style: Refers to those managers who believe
in solving the problem in a logical way. The managers
belonging to scientific style are the individual who do not
agree with anything without reason. They use scientific
methodology of problem solving and decision making
which involves a step by step process. These managers
use quantitative approach to management far setting
and accomplishing organizational goals.
Professional styles: Refers to managers having a
professional background. These managers apply
modern management techniques and devices. They
deal with the problems in a professional manner and
possess specialized knowledge and expertise to
manage and cope with the changes in the business
environment. These managers are fair and consistent in
their approach toward any situation.