ALTERNATIVE, EFFECTS OF PLASTIC, PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT.

3.  The word plasticis derived from the Greek (plastikos)
meaning capable of being shaped or molded.
 Plastics are arrange of synthetic or semi-synthetic
polymerization products that can be molded into a permanent
object having the property of plasticity.
Properties of Plastics
Resistant Durable Insulator Inexpensive
Easy to
produce
About 100 million tones of plastic is produced each year.

4. COMPOSITION
 Most plastics contain organic polymers. The vast majority
of these polymers are based on chains of carbon atoms
alone or with oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen as well.
 Most plastics contain Additives (0 to 50%). The average
content of additives is 20% by weight of the polymer.
 Fillers are used to improve performance and to reduce
costs.
 Stabilizers like fire retardants are used to lower the
flammability of the material.

5.  Plastics that are made up of polymers having
only aliphatic (linear) C atoms in their
backbone chains. Ex-polypropylene
Polypropene
 Plastics that are made up of hetero chain
polymers contain O, N, S in their backbone
chains, in addition to C. Ex –polycarbonate
Polycarbonate

6. •Plastics that do not undergo chemical
change in their composition when
heated and can be molded again and
again.
Thermoplastic
•Thermosets are permanently "set"
once they're initially formed and can't
be melted.
Thermosetting

7. Thermoplastic
Thermoplastic Uses includes
plastic wrap, food
containers, lighting panels,
garden hoses, and the
constantly encountered
plastic bag.
Thermoset
Thermoset Uses
includes kitchen tools,
glues, varnishes,
electronic components
(circuit boards).

8.  Plastics Release Pollutants:
 •Poly brominated di-phenyl ethers (PBDE)
 •Nonylphenolls
 •Bisphenol A
 •Phthalates
 Plastics Absorb Hydrophobic Pollutants:
 •Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
 •Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloro ethane (DDT)
 •Dichloro Diphenyl Dichloro ethylene (DDE)
PVC when burned result in emissions of the deadly poisons named
dioxin.
Dioxins are highly persistent compounds, with the potential to become
increasingly concentrated in living tissues as they move up the food chain. It is
often considered to be the man-made compound most toxic to animals.

9.  We currently recover only 5% of the plastics we produce.
 Pollution exists today due to the society's lack of
environmental awareness & the ease of simply littering
plastics.

10.  The species that is most
affected is the marine, aquatic
population.
 To a sea turtle, a floating plastic
baglooks like a jellyfish.
 When they eat these plastics, it
clogs their intestines, and they
miss out on vital nutrients,and
ultimately the turtles starve to
death.
 Other types of loose plastics
entangle birds, fish and
mammals, making it difficult, if
not impossible to move or eat,
which too leads to their ultimate
demise.

11.  0.05% of plastic pieces from surface waters are
pellets
 They comprise about 70% of the plastic eaten by
seabirds.
 These plastic particles have been found in the
stomachs of 63 of the world's approximately 250
species of seabirds.
 Birds and other marine animals gets trapped in
plastic shopping bags, which suffocate them to
death.

12. Each year, an estimated 500 billion to 1 trillion plastic bags are consumed
worldwide. That's over 1 million plastic bags used per minute.
Scientists estimate that every square mile of ocean contains about 46,000
pieces of floating plastic.
Plastic bags can take up to 1,000 years to break down.
At least 267 different species are known to have suffered from
entanglement or ingestion of plastic marine debris.
Only 14% of plastic water bottles are recycled.
Packaging now accounts for 1/3 of all household waste..

13. The per capita consumption of
plastic in the country is 10.2 kg in
2012.It is expected to go up to 12
kg by 2014.
By 2012, India is also projected to be the third largest
consumer market for plastic goods with a consumption of
12.5 million tonnes per annum, behind US and China.

14. Total number of plastic bags used worldwide annually 1 trillion
Total number of plastic bags China consumes everyday 3 billion
Total number of plastic bags used every minute 1 million
Total number of years it takes for a plastic bag to degrade 1,000 years
Total amount of plastic bags that were discarded in 2008 3.5 million tons
Total amount of plastic floating in every square mile of ocean 46,000 pieces
Average plastic bags consumed per family in 4 trips to the
grocery store 60
Percent of plastic made every year that will end up in the ocean 10%
Percent of household waste that is plastic 11%

15.  When we eat or drink things stored in plastic, plastic is
incorporated into us
 Plastic is one of the few chemical materials which pose
environmental problem.
 Plastic is biologically quite inert, hence regarded to be more an
aesthetic nuisance than a hazard.
 Plastic is cheap, it gets discarded easily, and, its persistence in
the environment can do great harm.
 It causes immune and enzyme disorders, hormonal disruption
leading to endocrinal disorders and even infertility and is also
considered as carcinogenic (cancer).
 Not only human health, it dangerously effects other animal life
and alters the environmental (air, water and soil) sustainability
causing hazardous pollution.

16.  Plastic is accumulating at an
alarming rate in our oceans -
wreaking havoc on wildlife,
polluting our beaches and entering
our food chain.
 Our addiction to use-and-toss
items is causing this growing
problem.
 Plastic bags pose a serious danger
to birds and marine animals that
often mistake them for food.
 Thousands of marine animals and
more than1 million birds die each
year as a result of plastic pollution.

17.  Plastic is ubiquitous in our lives because it is
convenient and relatively inexpensive.
 Its convenience comes from being lightweight and its
ability to absorb impact shock without breaking.
 Plastics are so versatile in use that their impacts on
environment are extremely wide ranging, posing serious
challenge for disposal.
Plastic is ubiquitous in our lives because it is convenient and relatively
inexpensive.
Its convenience comes from being lightweight and its ability to absorb impact
shock without breaking.
Plastics are so versatile in use that their impacts on environment are extremely
wide ranging, posing serious challenge for disposal.

18. HARD TO
DECOMPOSE
THREAT TO
ANIMALS
NON-RENEWABLE
DISADVANTAGES
TOXIC
DIFFICULT
TO RECYCLE
HARD TO
USE
Plastic bags,
once ingested,
cannot be
digested or
passed by an
animal so it
stays in the gut.
Plastic in an
animal’s gut
can prevent
food digestion
and can lead to
a very slow and
painful death.

19. Glass bottles can be melted and easily reused, as can tin cans.
Recycling plastic is not so simple.
Water bottles are often reused in the home but become less and
less sturdy over time and are ultimately thrown away.
Plastic is manufactured using oil by-products and natural gas,
materials that could be used in numerous other applications or
conserved were plastic usage lower.

20.  GLASS and CERAMIC
 STAINLESS STEEL
 OTHER METALS
 ANIMAL-DERIVED
 PLANT-DERIVED
 WOOD
 KHADI

21.  •Plastic bags take between 15 to
1000 years to degrade.
 •The de toxins and other chemical
pollutants released from them are
a Serious Threat to be Tackled.
 •Paper , Cloth, Jute, Cane, etc., are
the most preferable but still
controversial.
Designing eco-friendly, biodegradable plastics is the need of the hour. Though
partially biodegradable plastics have been developed and used, completely
biodegradable plastics based on renewable starch rather than petrochemicals
have only recently been developed and are in the early stages of
commercialization.

22.  It's impossible to eliminate most plastic from daily
life, but it's prudent for our health & environment to
curb the use of some.
 Proper management for disposal and public
awareness would bring a great difference in present
situation.
 Overall reduction in plastic usage.
 Hand over plastics properly for recycling or disposal.
 Do not let plastic litter the environment.
PLASTIC
Act NOW …. SAVE EARTH

23. AVOID
REDUCE
REUSE
RECYCLE
RECOVER
TREATMENT
DISPOSE
REFUSE
REDUCE
REUSE
RECYCLE
REBUY

24. Extrusion
• PIPES
• TUBES
Injection
Moulding • MISCELLANEOUS
Blow
Moulding • BOTTLES
Film
Moulding
• BAGS
• SHEETS
SORTING
COLLECTI
ON
INDUSTRIAL
WASTE
AGRICULTUR
AL
WASTE
MUNICIPAL
WASTE
COMMERCI
AL
WASTE
CLEANING

25.  Disposing of plastic waste is trickier
than dealing with traditional landfill
material.
 Not only plastic take thousands of
years to break down, it can leach
dangerous poison into the
environment.
 Plastic is not going away, but how
plastic waste is managed is becoming
more sophisticated.
 Managing plastic waste starts at
home with the consumer, but
ultimately depends on governments
around the world as well.

26. Say NO to plastic check-out bags whilst shopping and buy reusable bags
or bring your own for your shopping instead.
Use Glass/Ceramic instead of plastic in Microwave.
Replace plastic travel mugs with stainless steel for hot beverages.
When you can’t avoid plastic, check container bottoms for recycling codes (in
triangle with chasing arrows). Choose those easily recycled.
Shop at the local farmer’s markets. Buy the can instead of the plastic bottle .
The amount of oil needed to produce a years worth of
plastic packaging could fuel 480,000 cars for a year

27.  The two best changes we
can do are:
◦ Use less plastics
◦ To reuse plastics when
possible.
 Lead by example
 Ask your friends and family to
join you
 Speak to city council
 Write letters to government
officials
 Get your school involved
By using ONE reusable cloth bag, we can save up to 6 plastic
bags a week that translates into 24 bags a month or 288 bags a
year that amounts to 22,176 bags in an average lifetime.

28. • WATER BOTTLE
(stainless steel)
• BAG
• CUP
• TUPPERWARE
• SILVERWEAR
• REUSE A GLASS JAR

29.  •Enormous quantities of plastic are produced and
used.
 •It is convenient (use and throw away).
 •Although some plastics are recyclable, not enough is
recycled.
 •Laws, economical measures and education help.
Should we really put our own selfish needs before the needs of
everything around us now and the lives of future generations? As a
responsible citizen we must take precautions while using plastic
products, reduce the consumption, and encourage others to do the
same.

30.  Think…. Respond…. & Act NOW SAVE EARTH