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Domain Ontology Usage Analysis Framework (OUSAF)
1. Domain Ontology Usage Analysis Framework Analyzing the Usage of Domain Ontologies on the (Semantic) Web Jamshaid Ashraf, M aja Hadzic Presenter : Dr Omar Khadeer Hussain >> SKG2011 , Beijing, China Oct. 24-26, 2011
2. Measuring the Semantic Web on the Web Web Semantic Web data (Linked data cloud) Structured attribute: http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod Q) What and how ontologies are being used on the web? This research attempts to answers What Significant growth in semantic web data RDF enabling machines to read Imperial analysis by using ontologies
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8. Domain O ntology US age A nalysis F ramework (OUSAF)
9. Metrics Concept related metrics Relationship related metrics Attribute (data properties) related metrics
10. Metrics Concept related metrics > Concept Richness (CR): Describes the relationship with other concepts and the number of attributes to describe the instances CR ( C ) = | P C | + | A C | > Concept Usage (CU): Measures the instantiation of the concept in the knowledge base CU(C) = | {t = (s,p,o) | p= rdf:type, o = C }| > Concept Population (CP): Calculates all the triplets in the KB where concept’s instances is used to either create relationships or provide data descriptions CP(C) = | {t = (s,p,o) | s = C(I) , o= C(I) or L }|
11. Metrics Relationship related metrics > Relationship Value (RV): Reflects the possible role of an object property in creating typed relationship between different concepts RV ( P ) = | dom ( P )| + | range ( P ) | > Relationship Usage (RU): Calculates the number of triplets in a dataset in which object property is used to create relationships between different concept’s instances RU ( P ) = | { t:=(s,p,o) | p= P } |
12. Metrics Attribute (data properties) related metrics > Attribute Value (RV): Reflects the number of concepts that have data properties used to provide values to instances AV ( A ) = | dom ( A ) | > Attribute Usage (RU): Measures how much data description is available in the knowledge base for a concept instance AU(A ) = | { t:=(s,p,o) | p A, o L) |
13. Metrics Domain Ontology Population (DOP) Measures the amount of structured data available in the Knowledge base that is annotated using ontology RDF terms Domain Ontology Usage (DOU) Measures the use of ontology vocabulary in the dataset DOU= DOP =
16. Analysis Concept Richness (CR) in dataset Several object and data properties available in the conceptual model providing rich set for semantic annotation
17. Analysis Concept Richness with Concept Usage A small part of the ontology is widely used. Concepts with higher richness value also have large instantiations Generalized concepts have fewer instantiations compared with specialized concept
18. Analysis Ontology Usage Analysis Provides an overview of ontology usage, trend and patterns available in the KB
What are we trying to achieve in this research? We have seen tremendous growth in the semantic web data (web-of-data) on the web. As a result of it now we have “structured data” on the web in the form of RDF, enabling “ machines ” to automatically understand the data and process it. Now, we have reached to the point where, the availability of semantic data on the web is enabling the possibility of conducting imperial analysis about the data, use of ontologies .
In the early days of ontology engineering research the main focus was on evaluating the ontologies based on their conceptual coverage and the taxonomical relationships available in ontology. All the previous work in ontology evaluation hardly included the “actual” instantiated data in their evaluation due to the lack on ontology implementation in real world setting/application. Now, since we have seem tremendous adoption of different ontologies on the web, and having billions of triples in Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud, now we are in position to perform ontology usage analysis on actual data ….. Conducting empirical studies… In the semantic data life cycle, we need to introduce set of metrics and measures to understand the ontology usage, data patterns and semantic coverage of data The results of these measures can be used further to improve the ontology design, model and help developers to effectively and efficiently consume semantic data.
This is the schematic diagram of the framework.
The set of metrics and measures implemented in OUSAF is grouped under three categories 1) concepts 2) object relations and 3) data properties
This computes the ontology instantiation in the dataset
Why we are considering GoodRelations in our experiment? Because it enjoys the adoption and is being considered the largely used ontology after FOAF. There are images showing the press news, and the snapshots of application in which it is used such as Google snippet
We used dataset comprising on around 105 data sources.