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‫خداست‬ ‫اول‬
‫سمیعی‬ ‫جالل‬
‫مقدمه‬
‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬‫یا‬‫همان‬‫تارهای‬
‫عنکبوتی‬‫ارتباطی‬‫در‬‫فضای‬،‫وب‬
‫روز‬‫روزبه‬‫در‬‫حال‬‫گسترش‬‫در‬‫بین‬
‫قشرهای‬‫اند‬‫مختلف‬.‫بسیاری‬‫از‬
‫هنرمندان‬‫آشنا‬‫نام‬،‫هم‬‫گونه‬‫همان‬‫که‬
‫خود‬‫را‬‫نیاز‬‫بی‬‫از‬‫حضور‬‫در‬‫فضای‬
‫سایت‬‫وب‬‫و‬‫وبالگ‬‫دیدند‬‫نمی‬،‫در‬
‫بوک‬‫فیس‬‫و‬‫توییتر‬‫و‬‫اینستاگ‬‫رام‬‫و‬
‫دیگر‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬‫حضور‬
‫فعال‬‫و‬‫رسمی‬‫دارند‬.
‫هنر‬ ‫شبکه‬
‫پروژه‬‫اندازی‬‫راه‬‫شبکه‬
‫اجتماعی‬‫تخصصی‬‫هنرمندان‬
‫ایران‬‫با‬‫نام‬‫شبکه‬‫هنر‬‫در‬
‫حوزه‬‫هنری‬‫سازمان‬‫تبلیغات‬
‫اسالمی‬‫از‬‫زمستان‬1389
‫شروع‬‫شده‬‫است‬.
www.ehonari.com
‫پژوهش‬ ‫اهداف‬
‫هدف‬‫یکم‬:‫بررسی‬‫دیدگاه‬‫ها‬‫و‬‫میزان‬‫شناخت‬‫مدیران‬‫فرهنگی‬‫و‬‫هنرمندان‬‫از‬
‫شبکه‬‫های‬‫اجتماعی‬‫و‬‫کارکردهای‬‫آنان‬
‫هدف‬‫دوم‬:‫بررسی‬‫موانع‬‫اندازی‬‫راه‬‫شبکۀ‬‫اجتماعی‬‫تخصصی‬‫هنرمندان‬
‫هدف‬‫سوم‬:‫ارائۀ‬‫پیشنهادهایی‬‫برای‬‫کاهش‬‫موانع‬‫اندازی‬‫راه‬‫یک‬‫شبکه‬
‫اجتماعی‬‫تخصصی‬
‫پژوهش‬ ‫های‬‫پرسش‬
‫پرسش‬‫یکم‬:‫میزان‬‫شناخت‬‫مدیران‬‫فرهنگی‬‫و‬‫هنرمندان‬‫از‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬
،‫اجتماعی‬‫ویژه‬‫به‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬،‫تخصصی‬‫چقدر‬‫است‬‫؟‬
‫پرسش‬‫دوم‬:‫میزان‬‫فعالیت‬‫مدیران‬‫فرهنگی‬‫و‬‫هنرمندان‬‫در‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬
،‫اجتماعی‬‫ویژه‬‫به‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬،‫تخصصی‬‫چقدر‬‫است؟‬
‫پرسش‬‫سوم‬:‫دیدگاه‬‫رسمی‬‫و‬‫کالن‬‫نظام‬‫مدیریتی‬‫حاکم‬‫درباره‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬
‫اجتماعی‬‫چیست‬‫و‬‫در‬‫ها‬‫سیاستگذاری‬‫چه‬‫نقشی‬‫دارد‬‫؟‬
‫پژوهش‬ ‫های‬‫پرسش‬
‫پرسش‬‫چهارم‬:‫ترین‬‫مهم‬‫موانع‬‫گسترش‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬‫تخصصی‬‫در‬
‫ها‬‫سازمان‬(‫مورد‬‫خاص‬‫مطالعه‬:‫حوزه‬‫هنری‬)‫چیست؟‬
‫پرسش‬‫پنجم‬:‫چه‬‫راهکارهایی‬‫برای‬‫کاهش‬‫موانع‬‫گسترش‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتما‬‫عی‬
‫تخصصی‬‫وجود‬‫دارد؟‬
‫پژوهش‬ ‫روش‬ ‫و‬ ‫ار‬‫ز‬‫اب‬
‫یک‬-‫مطالعه‬‫اسنادی‬‫درباره‬‫قوانین‬‫و‬‫های‬‫دیدگاه‬‫رسمی‬‫مربوط‬‫به‬
‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬
‫دو‬–‫مصاحبه‬‫عمیق‬‫و‬‫نامه‬‫پرسش‬‫در‬‫سه‬‫بخش‬‫جامعه‬‫هدف‬:
‫مدیران‬‫فرهنگی‬(‫مدیران‬‫رسمی‬‫نهادهای‬‫فرهنگی‬‫یا‬‫مدیران‬‫هایی‬‫پروژه‬‫که‬‫با‬‫ک‬‫ار‬
‫اینترنت‬‫و‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬‫مرتبطند‬)
‫هنرمندان‬
‫و‬‫اندرکاران‬‫دست‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬،‫اجتماعی‬‫اعم‬‫از‬‫کاربران‬‫ای‬‫حرفه‬‫و‬‫متخصصان‬‫فن‬‫ی‬
‫و‬‫گران‬‫تحلیل‬‫ساختارهای‬‫آنالین‬.
‫های‬‫یافته‬‫پژوهش‬
‫مهم‬‫ترین‬‫های‬‫گزاره‬‫شده‬‫یافته‬‫در‬‫این‬‫پژوهش‬‫را‬‫می‬‫توان‬‫در‬‫سه‬‫گروه‬
‫بندی‬‫طبقه‬‫کرد؛‬‫یعنی‬‫استخراج‬‫نتایج‬‫از‬‫ها‬‫مصاحبه‬‫و‬‫اسناد‬‫سازمانی‬‫ما‬‫را‬
‫به‬‫این‬،‫ها‬‫گزاره‬‫عنوان‬‫به‬‫ترین‬‫مهم‬‫موانع‬‫کارگیری‬‫به‬‫و‬‫گسترش‬‫شبک‬‫های‬‫ه‬
‫اجتماعی‬‫در‬‫ها‬‫سازمان‬‫رسانده‬‫است‬.‫شرح‬‫این‬‫ها‬‫گزاره‬‫در‬‫ارائه‬‫مقاله‬
‫تفصیلی‬‫پژوهش‬‫خواهد‬‫آمد‬.
‫الف‬-‫سازمانی‬ ‫موانع‬
‫گذاری‬‫سیاست‬ ‫نبود‬‫حاکمیت‬ ‫شفاف‬‫اجتماعی‬ ‫های‬‫شبکه‬ ‫درباره‬
‫و‬ ‫سرعت‬ ‫در‬ ‫اینترنت‬ ‫محدودیت‬ ‫و‬ ‫فیلترینگ‬‫دسترسی‬
‫نداشتن‬‫اولویت‬‫در‬ ‫مجازی‬ ‫فضای‬‫ها‬‫بودجه‬
‫ها‬‫سازمان‬ ‫تمایلی‬‫بی‬‫به‬‫سازی‬‫شفاف‬‫ذاتی‬‫اینترنت‬
‫آثار‬ ‫و‬ ‫عضویت‬ ‫تأیید‬ ‫فرایند‬ ‫ناگزیری‬
‫ب‬-‫ان‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ر‬‫کا‬‫به‬ ‫بوط‬‫ر‬‫م‬ ‫موانع‬
‫نبود‬‫سواد‬‫ای‬‫رسانه‬‫برای‬ ‫کافی‬‫کاربری‬
‫اجتماعی‬ ‫شبکه‬ ‫ندانستن‬‫مهم‬
‫کاری‬‫محافظه‬‫و‬‫نگرانی‬‫کاربران‬‫درباره‬‫حضور‬‫رسمی‬‫در‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬
‫اجتماعی‬
‫تأثیر‬ ‫به‬ ‫نسبت‬ ‫منفی‬ ‫دیدگاه‬‫بودن‬‫آنالین‬‫خانوادگی‬ ‫روابط‬ ‫بر‬
‫پ‬-‫برها‬‫ر‬‫کا‬‫و‬ ‫سازمانی‬ ‫ک‬‫مشرت‬ ‫موانع‬
‫نبود‬‫های‬‫زیرساخت‬‫فنی‬‫الزم‬‫در‬‫ها‬‫اداره‬‫و‬‫ها‬‫خانه‬
‫نشناختن‬‫کارکردهای‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬(‫اصطالحا‬:‫شناخت‬‫در‬‫حد‬
‫بوک‬‫فیس‬)
‫تمایل‬‫سازمانی‬‫بیشتر‬‫به‬‫کار‬‫محفلی‬‫جای‬‫به‬‫کار‬‫تولیدی‬
‫بندی‬‫مجع‬
‫بسیاری‬‫از‬‫موانع‬‫سازمانی‬‫بر‬‫سر‬‫راه‬‫گسترش‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬‫به‬‫نبود‬
‫بودجه‬‫و‬‫حتی‬‫ندانستن‬‫مهم‬‫گسترش‬‫کار‬‫در‬‫فضای‬‫مجازی‬‫مربوط‬‫نیس‬‫ت؛‬
‫بلکه‬‫گرفتاری‬‫اصلی‬‫همین‬‫های‬‫دیدگاه‬‫منفی‬‫نسبت‬‫به‬،‫اینترنت‬‫و‬‫ب‬‫ویژه‬‫ه‬
‫های‬‫شبکه‬،‫اجتماعی‬‫در‬‫هاست‬‫سازمان‬.‫های‬‫سازمان‬،‫ایران‬‫که‬‫بیشترشان‬
‫دولتی‬‫یا‬‫ناگزیر‬‫تحت‬‫تسلط‬‫ساختار‬‫اند‬‫دولتی‬،‫دو‬‫مانع‬‫کلی‬‫و‬‫مهم‬‫ب‬‫رای‬
‫گسترش‬‫های‬‫شبکه‬‫اجتماعی‬‫دارند‬:
‫بندی‬‫ع‬‫مج‬
‫بالتکلیفی‬‫دیدگاه‬‫رسمی‬‫و‬‫حاکمیتی‬‫درباره‬‫کار‬‫آنالین‬
‫سازی‬‫شفاف‬‫ذاتی‬،‫اینترنت‬‫که‬‫با‬‫قدرت‬‫عرفی‬‫مدیرانی‬‫در‬‫تناقض‬‫است‬‫که‬
‫هرچه‬‫تر‬‫مبهم‬‫کار‬،‫کنند‬‫قدرتمندتر‬‫شناخته‬‫شوند‬‫می‬.
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