Endocrinology.

1. Endocrinology

2. • DM
• DI

3. • Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes insipidus: it is a disease characterized by formation of
excessive amount of very dilute urine(polyuria), excessive
thirst(polydipsia) due to impaired of deficiency of or resistance to
ADH.(antidiuretic hormone)
Or
DI is the most common disorder of the posterior lobe of the pituitary
gland and is characterized by a deficiency of ADH(vasopressin).

4. Clinical feature:
Symptoms:
• sudden onset
• Gross polyuria
• Excessive thirst
• Craving for ice cold water
• Headache
• Irritability
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Sleep disturbance

5. Sign:
• Hypernatremia and severe dehydration.
• Dehydrated with dry skin, dry tongue, and sunken eye.
• Urine volume: tremendously increased about 5 to 50 L in a day
• Specific gravity: low about 1.001 to 1.005.
• Constipation and subnormal temperature.
• Hyperuricemia.